{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293514222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166146","title":"Hierarchical Analysis Process for Belief Management in Internet of Drones","display_name":"Hierarchical Analysis Process for Belief Management in Internet of Drones","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293514222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166146","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36015907"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166146","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6146/pdf?version=1660727223","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6146/pdf?version=1660727223","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073661610","display_name":"Hana Gharrad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3914-4290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878454856","display_name":"Hasselt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04nbhqj75","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hana Gharrad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3914-4290","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105508506","display_name":"Nafa\u00e2 Jabeur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8238-6813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39706905","display_name":"German University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/055hq4920","country_code":"OM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39706905"]}],"countries":["OM"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nafa\u00e2 Jabeur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Sciences Department, German University of Technology in Oman (GUtech), Athaibah, Muscat 130, Oman"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8238-6813","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Sciences Department, German University of Technology in Oman (GUtech), Athaibah, Muscat 130, Oman","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39706905"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080750168","display_name":"Ansar-Ul-Haque Yasar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1542-2658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878454856","display_name":"Hasselt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04nbhqj75","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ansar Ul-Haque Yasar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5105508506"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39706905"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.2726,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88429259,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"16","first_page":"6146","last_page":"6146"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.7782216668128967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.706838846206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5506852269172668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.532394289970398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.469279408454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.44408559799194336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.37817469239234924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.29320406913757324}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.7782216668128967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.706838846206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5506852269172668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.532394289970398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.469279408454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.44408559799194336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.37817469239234924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.29320406913757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000088722","descriptor_name":"Unmanned Aerial Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000088722","descriptor_name":"Unmanned Aerial Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000088722","descriptor_name":"Unmanned Aerial Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166146","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6146/pdf?version=1660727223","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36015907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36015907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:documentserver.uhasselt.be:1942/40386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1942/40386","pdf_url":"https://documentserver.uhasselt.be//bitstream/1942/40386/1/sensors-22-06146.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401926","display_name":"Document Server@UHasselt (UHasselt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I878454856","host_organization_name":"Hasselt University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:03cd6250e6aa4e18b320c7e53f7af9dc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/03cd6250e6aa4e18b320c7e53f7af9dc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 16, p 6146 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/16/6146/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22166146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 16; Pages: 6146","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9412459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9412459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166146","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6146/pdf?version=1660727223","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293514222.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W579004349","https://openalex.org/W1473366584","https://openalex.org/W1499132946","https://openalex.org/W1545879629","https://openalex.org/W1583981513","https://openalex.org/W1591802823","https://openalex.org/W1943665737","https://openalex.org/W2006215043","https://openalex.org/W2020777900","https://openalex.org/W2094958202","https://openalex.org/W2118680859","https://openalex.org/W2521244387","https://openalex.org/W2538896787","https://openalex.org/W2576530977","https://openalex.org/W2594198258","https://openalex.org/W2608395926","https://openalex.org/W2611966998","https://openalex.org/W2753169812","https://openalex.org/W2782011010","https://openalex.org/W2791228294","https://openalex.org/W2805618285","https://openalex.org/W2897874772","https://openalex.org/W2904236608","https://openalex.org/W2921842513","https://openalex.org/W2945495590","https://openalex.org/W2955941951","https://openalex.org/W2968041550","https://openalex.org/W2972321833","https://openalex.org/W2980080877","https://openalex.org/W3037759058","https://openalex.org/W3044875118","https://openalex.org/W3094427059","https://openalex.org/W3094658433","https://openalex.org/W3110110236","https://openalex.org/W3117610044","https://openalex.org/W3126649901","https://openalex.org/W3135946712","https://openalex.org/W3140030144","https://openalex.org/W3146953023","https://openalex.org/W3176798223","https://openalex.org/W3178190441","https://openalex.org/W3197129495","https://openalex.org/W4211084846","https://openalex.org/W4221139851","https://openalex.org/W4225463090","https://openalex.org/W4226416375","https://openalex.org/W4252723176","https://openalex.org/W6604298410","https://openalex.org/W6617644804","https://openalex.org/W6632713140","https://openalex.org/W6786995317","https://openalex.org/W6793173123","https://openalex.org/W7075679581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229448053","https://openalex.org/W2059768187","https://openalex.org/W4247925126","https://openalex.org/W4312858960","https://openalex.org/W4386036939","https://openalex.org/W4327774218","https://openalex.org/W4379143281","https://openalex.org/W3206445629","https://openalex.org/W2605096541","https://openalex.org/W3200286695"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Group":[0],"awareness":[1,181],"is":[2],"playing":[3],"a":[4,41,114,119],"major":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,111,138,149],"the":[8,32,35,92,99,132,142,179],"efficiency":[9],"of":[10,25,34,37,43,59,64,94,122,144,168],"mission":[11],"planning":[12],"and":[13,53,57,71,165],"decision-making":[14],"processes,":[15],"particularly":[16],"those":[17],"involving":[18],"spatially":[19],"distributed":[20,101],"collaborative":[21,120,175],"entities.":[22,102,190],"The":[23,125],"performance":[24],"this":[26,107,112],"concept":[27],"has":[28],"remarkably":[29],"increased":[30],"with":[31,159],"advent":[33],"Internet":[36,121],"Things":[38],"(IoT).":[39],"Indeed,":[40],"myriad":[42],"innovative":[44],"devices":[45],"are":[46,88],"being":[47,96],"extensively":[48],"deployed":[49],"to":[50,105,130,136,140,163,188],"collaboratively":[51],"recognize":[52],"track":[54],"events,":[55],"objects,":[56],"activities":[58],"interest.":[60],"A":[61],"wide":[62],"range":[63],"IoT-based":[65],"approaches":[66,87],"have":[67],"focused":[68],"on":[69,173],"representing":[70],"managing":[72],"shared":[73,97],"information":[74,95,148],"through":[75],"formal":[76],"operators":[77,135],"for":[78,118],"group":[79,180],"awareness.":[80],"However,":[81],"despite":[82],"their":[83],"proven":[84],"results,":[85],"these":[86],"still":[89],"refrained":[90],"by":[91],"inaccuracy":[93],"between":[98],"collaborating":[100,189],"In":[103],"order":[104,139],"address":[106],"issue,":[108],"we":[109],"propose":[110],"paper":[113],"new":[115],"belief-management-based":[116],"model":[117,127,153],"Drones":[123],"(IoD).":[124],"proposed":[126],"allows":[128],"drones":[129],"decide":[131],"most":[133],"appropriate":[134],"apply":[137],"manage":[141],"uncertainty":[143],"perceived":[145],"or":[146],"received":[147],"different":[150,169],"situations.":[151],"This":[152],"uses":[154],"Hierarchical":[155],"Analysis":[156],"Process":[157],"(AHP)":[158],"Subjective":[160],"Logic":[161],"(SL)":[162],"represent":[164],"combine":[166],"opinions":[167],"sources.":[170],"We":[171],"focus":[172],"purely":[174],"drone":[176],"networks":[177],"where":[178],"will":[182],"also":[183],"be":[184],"provided":[185],"as":[186],"service":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
