{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4291916228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166036","title":"Automated Real-Time Eddy Current Array Inspection of Nuclear Assets","display_name":"Automated Real-Time Eddy Current Array Inspection of Nuclear Assets","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4291916228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166036","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36015795"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166036","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6036/pdf?version=1660307157","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6036/pdf?version=1660307157","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064075879","display_name":"Euan Foster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1378-5965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Euan Alexander Foster","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010219243","display_name":"Gary Bolton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2442-0670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193541982","display_name":"National Nuclear Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/051n2dc24","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193541982"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary Bolton","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Nuclear Laboratory LTD., Warrington WA3 6AE, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2442-0670","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Nuclear Laboratory LTD., Warrington WA3 6AE, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193541982"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059866920","display_name":"Robert Bernard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102204","display_name":"Sellafield (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/018skgq22","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102204"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Bernard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sellafield LTD., Sellafield, Seascale, Cumbria CA20 1PG, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sellafield LTD., Sellafield, Seascale, Cumbria CA20 1PG, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102204"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085210645","display_name":"Martin McInnes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin McInnes","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034222719","display_name":"Shaun McKnight","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3904-5092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaun McKnight","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069973552","display_name":"Ewan Nicolson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8174-1665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ewan Nicolson","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050238072","display_name":"Charalampos Loukas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3465-8076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charalampos Loukas","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3465-8076","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072107823","display_name":"Momchil Vasilev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4055-3534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Momchil Vasilev","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4055-3534","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034329442","display_name":"David Lines","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-2914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dave Lines","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-2914","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071738695","display_name":"Ehsan Mohseni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0819-6592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehsan Mohseni","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090375849","display_name":"Anthony Gachagan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9728-4120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Gachagan","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004125713","display_name":"Gareth Pierce","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0312-8766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gareth Pierce","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0312-8766","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039812554","display_name":"Charles MacLeod","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4364-9769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles N. Macleod","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEARCH: Sensor Enabled Automation, Robotics & Control Hub, Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering (CUE), Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064075879"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.7859,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9061242,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"16","first_page":"6036","last_page":"6036"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eddy-current-testing","display_name":"Eddy-current testing","score":0.7765178680419922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eddy-current","display_name":"Eddy current","score":0.73833829164505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondestructive-testing","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","score":0.7074161171913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-coil","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","score":0.46369847655296326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.44126173853874207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.4333621859550476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-sensor","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","score":0.41774624586105347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.38949573040008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3777092397212982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.3451402187347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3441532254219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.23657256364822388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6441794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1420867","display_name":"Eddy-current testing","level":3,"score":0.7765178680419922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131357438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208598","display_name":"Eddy current","level":2,"score":0.73833829164505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56529433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626700","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","level":2,"score":0.7074161171913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30403606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","level":2,"score":0.46369847655296326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.44126173853874207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4333621859550476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81288441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","level":2,"score":0.41774624586105347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.38949573040008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3777092397212982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3451402187347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3441532254219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.23657256364822388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014465","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014465","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014465","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166036","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6036/pdf?version=1660307157","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36015795","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36015795","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:strathprints.strath.ac.uk:81859","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/view/author/716912.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402226","display_name":"Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","host_organization_name":"University of Strathclyde","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6ab0631f88c3494e9d3792734f11b3a9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6ab0631f88c3494e9d3792734f11b3a9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 16, p 6036 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/16/6036/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22166036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 16; Pages: 6036","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9414535","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9414535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166036","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6036/pdf?version=1660307157","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3879333842","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N018427/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4623578034","display_name":"EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Quantitative NDE","funder_award_id":"EP/L015587/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5286216399","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/L015587/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331603","funder_display_name":"UK Research Centre in NDE, Imperial College London"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320291","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331603","display_name":"UK Research Centre in NDE, Imperial College London","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4291916228.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4291916228.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484638608","https://openalex.org/W1578829607","https://openalex.org/W1968334862","https://openalex.org/W1999847896","https://openalex.org/W2016402278","https://openalex.org/W2024911749","https://openalex.org/W2028486351","https://openalex.org/W2069904457","https://openalex.org/W2070787758","https://openalex.org/W2072698610","https://openalex.org/W2085030979","https://openalex.org/W2334764236","https://openalex.org/W2526454544","https://openalex.org/W2539883759","https://openalex.org/W2788553533","https://openalex.org/W2889563042","https://openalex.org/W2901474374","https://openalex.org/W2907088221","https://openalex.org/W2966550584","https://openalex.org/W2970476215","https://openalex.org/W2975249135","https://openalex.org/W2991417948","https://openalex.org/W2993524886","https://openalex.org/W2998346101","https://openalex.org/W3012467327","https://openalex.org/W3039913226","https://openalex.org/W3093934659","https://openalex.org/W3114591654","https://openalex.org/W3116910948","https://openalex.org/W3118509760","https://openalex.org/W3119094439","https://openalex.org/W3119664233","https://openalex.org/W3131445001","https://openalex.org/W3133118429","https://openalex.org/W3153193762","https://openalex.org/W3183975796","https://openalex.org/W3184615816","https://openalex.org/W4212865605","https://openalex.org/W4213017216","https://openalex.org/W4214650168","https://openalex.org/W4226198941","https://openalex.org/W4253213257","https://openalex.org/W4281724354","https://openalex.org/W4282943825","https://openalex.org/W6667992859","https://openalex.org/W6753952708","https://openalex.org/W6766893492","https://openalex.org/W6768356000","https://openalex.org/W6779858172","https://openalex.org/W6793855334","https://openalex.org/W6892016819"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2744634501","https://openalex.org/W2085805524","https://openalex.org/W2003522138","https://openalex.org/W2551942315","https://openalex.org/W2333795440","https://openalex.org/W2369672268","https://openalex.org/W1680801918","https://openalex.org/W2102849516","https://openalex.org/W1972402538","https://openalex.org/W4230069654"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Inspection":[0],"of":[1,35,40,61,77,92,126,145,158,179,189,200,217,245,249,269,293,302],"components":[2,36],"with":[3,27],"surface":[4,315],"discontinuities":[5],"is":[6,56],"an":[7,99,260,291],"area":[8],"that":[9],"volumetric":[10],"Non-Destructive":[11],"Testing":[12,64],"(NDT)":[13],"methods,":[14],"such":[15],"as":[16,67],"ultrasonic":[17],"and":[18,23,48,90,131,149,171,174,209,238,243,252,280,306,313],"radiographic,":[19],"struggle":[20],"in":[21,52,186,225,263,322],"detection":[22],"characterisation.":[24],"This":[25],"coupled":[26],"the":[28,38,58,84,87,127,132,142,146,154,159,177,187,190,198,215,220,231,246,288,319],"industrial":[29],"desire":[30],"to":[31,44,97,103,140,153,230,234,265,286],"detect":[32],"surface-breaking":[33],"defects":[34],"at":[37,120,165],"point":[39],"manufacture":[41],"and/or":[42],"maintenance,":[43],"increase":[45,262,287],"design":[46],"lifetime":[47],"further":[49],"embed":[50],"sustainability":[51],"their":[53],"business":[54],"models,":[55],"driving":[57],"increased":[59],"adoption":[60],"Eddy":[62],"Current":[63],"(ECT).":[65],"Moreover,":[66],"businesses":[68],"move":[69],"toward":[70],"Industry":[71],"4.0,":[72],"demand":[73],"for":[74,176,311,318],"robotic":[75,95,300],"delivery":[76,301],"NDT":[78],"has":[79],"grown.":[80],"In":[81],"this":[82],"work,":[83],"authors":[85],"present":[86],"novel":[88],"implementation":[89],"use":[91,199,216],"a":[93,109,201,204,210,235,277],"flexible":[94,206,314],"cell":[96],"deliver":[98],"eddy":[100,191,303],"current":[101,192,304],"array":[102,160,193,208],"inspect":[104],"stress":[105],"corrosion":[106],"cracking":[107],"on":[108,123],"nuclear":[110],"canister":[111,128],"made":[112],"from":[113],"1.4404":[114],"stainless":[115],"steel.":[116],"Three":[117],"180-degree":[118],"scans":[119],"different":[121,250],"heights":[122],"one":[124],"side":[125],"were":[129,136,162,223],"performed,":[130],"acquired":[133,164],"impedance":[134,181,221,247],"data":[135,222,248],"vertically":[137],"stitched":[138],"together":[139],"show":[141,298],"full":[143],"extent":[144],"cracking.":[147],"Axial":[148],"transversal":[150],"datasets,":[151],"corresponding":[152],"transmit/receive":[155],"coil":[156,253],"configurations":[157],"elements,":[161],"simultaneously":[163],"transmission":[166],"frequencies":[167],"250,":[168],"300,":[169],"400,":[170],"450":[172],"kHz":[173],"allowed":[175],"generation":[178],"several":[180],"C-scan":[182],"images.":[183],"The":[184,296],"variation":[185],"lift-off":[188],"was":[194,284],"innovatively":[195],"minimised":[196],"through":[197],"force-torque":[202],"sensor,":[203],"padded":[205],"ECT":[207],"PI":[211],"control":[212],"system.":[213],"Through":[214],"bespoke":[218],"software,":[219],"logged":[224],"real-time":[226],"(\u22647":[227],"ms),":[228],"displayed":[229],"user,":[232],"saved":[233],"binary":[236],"file,":[237],"flexibly":[239],"post-processed":[240],"via":[241],"phase-rotation":[242],"mixing":[244,282],"frequency":[251],"configuration":[254],"channels.":[255],"Phase":[256],"rotation":[257],"alone":[258],"demonstrated":[259],"average":[261,281,292],"Signal":[264],"Noise":[266],"Ratio":[267],"(SNR)":[268],"4.53":[270],"decibels":[271],"across":[272],"all":[273],"datasets":[274],"acquired,":[275],"while":[276],"selective":[278],"sum":[279],"technique":[283],"shown":[285],"SNR":[289],"by":[290],"1.19":[294],"decibels.":[295],"results":[297],"how":[299],"arrays,":[305],"innovative":[307],"post-processing,":[308],"can":[309],"allow":[310],"repeatable":[312],"inspection,":[316],"suitable":[317],"challenges":[320],"faced":[321],"many":[323],"quality-focused":[324],"industries.":[325]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
