{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4292186763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166021","title":"A Hybrid Route Selection Scheme for 5G Network Scenarios: An Experimental Approach","display_name":"A Hybrid Route Selection Scheme for 5G Network Scenarios: An Experimental Approach","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4292186763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166021","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36015782"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166021","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6021/pdf?version=1660297988","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6021/pdf?version=1660297988","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046746035","display_name":"M. Kazem Chamran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3836-4443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84339108","display_name":"Sunway University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mjt7f73","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84339108"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Kazem Chamran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing and Information Systems, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3836-4443","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and Information Systems, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84339108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055349217","display_name":"Kok\u2010Lim Alvin Yau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3110-2782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I931681460","display_name":"Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman","ror":"https://ror.org/050pq4m56","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I931681460"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kok-Lim Alvin Yau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kajang 43200, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3110-2782","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kajang 43200, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I931681460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072410479","display_name":"Mee Hong Ling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8273-458X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84339108","display_name":"Sunway University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mjt7f73","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84339108"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mee Hong Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing and Information Systems, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and Information Systems, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84339108"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078603752","display_name":"Yung-Wey Chong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1750-7441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yung-Wey Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Advanced IPv6 Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1750-7441","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Advanced IPv6 Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055349217","https://openalex.org/A5078603752"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472","https://openalex.org/I931681460"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.4543,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62362947,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"16","first_page":"6021","last_page":"6021"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.8384100794792175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.777570366859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.761698842048645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6817644238471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.603171706199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5412665009498596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.4577253758907318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3963622450828552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.2149467170238495}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.8384100794792175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.777570366859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.761698842048645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6817644238471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.603171706199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5412665009498596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4577253758907318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3963622450828552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2149467170238495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003142","descriptor_name":"Communication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003142","descriptor_name":"Communication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003142","descriptor_name":"Communication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003195","descriptor_name":"Computer Communication Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003195","descriptor_name":"Computer Communication Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003195","descriptor_name":"Computer Communication Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166021","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6021/pdf?version=1660297988","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36015782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36015782","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c7079972f79d4c03bcc958276d433f42","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c7079972f79d4c03bcc958276d433f42","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 16, p 6021 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/16/6021/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22166021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 16; Pages: 6021","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9414884","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9414884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166021","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6021/pdf?version=1660297988","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321398","display_name":"Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman","ror":"https://ror.org/050pq4m56"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322757","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292186763.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292186763.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W593593395","https://openalex.org/W1481451393","https://openalex.org/W1624916717","https://openalex.org/W1877781913","https://openalex.org/W1968268564","https://openalex.org/W1971139522","https://openalex.org/W1971523684","https://openalex.org/W1975790396","https://openalex.org/W1983602700","https://openalex.org/W1989582478","https://openalex.org/W2038610677","https://openalex.org/W2044412513","https://openalex.org/W2094759646","https://openalex.org/W2128453476","https://openalex.org/W2137163110","https://openalex.org/W2169528473","https://openalex.org/W2191948661","https://openalex.org/W2211498766","https://openalex.org/W2211948716","https://openalex.org/W2213541308","https://openalex.org/W2218021552","https://openalex.org/W2275723007","https://openalex.org/W2275931683","https://openalex.org/W2289643428","https://openalex.org/W2294690547","https://openalex.org/W2341002726","https://openalex.org/W2341857182","https://openalex.org/W2381074797","https://openalex.org/W2415364921","https://openalex.org/W2508406846","https://openalex.org/W2518829325","https://openalex.org/W2519961342","https://openalex.org/W2522423684","https://openalex.org/W2548368896","https://openalex.org/W2551205347","https://openalex.org/W2558486393","https://openalex.org/W2560674254","https://openalex.org/W2569659590","https://openalex.org/W2615459164","https://openalex.org/W2620859009","https://openalex.org/W2622181105","https://openalex.org/W2726711815","https://openalex.org/W2727423827","https://openalex.org/W2744452483","https://openalex.org/W2745317643","https://openalex.org/W2748084770","https://openalex.org/W2883725317","https://openalex.org/W2892656107","https://openalex.org/W2951227006","https://openalex.org/W2963197439","https://openalex.org/W3005641848","https://openalex.org/W3013887189","https://openalex.org/W3039953939","https://openalex.org/W3099570793","https://openalex.org/W3102944677","https://openalex.org/W3128057079","https://openalex.org/W4207082275","https://openalex.org/W6685290738"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2883256816","https://openalex.org/W17155033","https://openalex.org/W2171408034","https://openalex.org/W3003320923","https://openalex.org/W2106140982","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W2152313554","https://openalex.org/W2064303750","https://openalex.org/W4390585229"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,25,30,43,62,68,110,114,120,130,183],"significant":[2],"rise":[3],"in":[4,42,72,95,148],"demand":[5],"for":[6,76,129],"network":[7,33,154],"utilization,":[8],"such":[9],"as":[10],"data":[11,115],"transmission":[12],"and":[13,35,59,91,156,163,169,182],"device-to-device":[14],"(D2D)":[15],"communication,":[16],"fifth-generation":[17],"(5G)":[18],"networks":[19,105],"have":[20],"been":[21],"proposed":[22],"to":[23,38,66,85,106,113,119,175],"fill":[24],"demand.":[26],"Deploying":[27],"5G":[28],"enhances":[29],"utilization":[31,152],"of":[32,45,132,137,153,179,185],"channels":[34,41],"allows":[36,61],"users":[37,47],"exploit":[39],"licensed":[40],"absence":[44],"primary":[46,162],"(PUs).":[48],"In":[49,79,117],"this":[50],"paper,":[51],"a":[52,73,93,96,123,157,176],"hybrid":[53],"route":[54,69,94],"selection":[55],"mechanism":[56],"is":[57,101],"proposed,":[58],"it":[60,134],"central":[63],"controller":[64],"(CC)":[65],"evaluate":[67],"map":[70],"proactively":[71],"centralized":[74],"manner":[75],"source":[77,81],"nodes.":[78],"contrast,":[80],"nodes":[82,139,181],"are":[83],"enabled":[84],"make":[86],"their":[87],"own":[88],"decisions":[89],"reactively":[90],"select":[92],"distributed":[97],"manner.":[98],"D2D":[99],"communication":[100],"preferred,":[102],"which":[103],"helps":[104],"offload":[107],"traffic":[108,149],"from":[109],"control":[111],"plane":[112],"plane.":[116],"addition":[118],"theoretical":[121],"analysis,":[122],"real":[124],"testbed":[125],"was":[126,135],"set":[127],"up":[128],"proof":[131],"concept;":[133],"composed":[136],"eleven":[138],"with":[140],"independent":[141],"processing":[142],"units.":[143],"Experiment":[144],"results":[145],"showed":[146],"improvements":[147],"offloading,":[150],"higher":[151,177],"channels,":[155],"lower":[158],"interference":[159],"level":[160],"between":[161],"secondary":[164],"users.":[165],"Packet":[166],"delivery":[167],"ratio":[168],"end-to-end":[170],"delay":[171],"were":[172],"affected":[173],"due":[174],"number":[178],"intermediate":[180],"dynamicity":[184],"PU":[186],"activities.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
