{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289205292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155681","title":"The Robust Multi-Scale Deep-SVDD Model for Anomaly Online Detection of Rolling Bearings","display_name":"The Robust Multi-Scale Deep-SVDD Model for Anomaly Online Detection of Rolling Bearings","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289205292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155681","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35957238"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22155681","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155681","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5681/pdf?version=1659346983","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5681/pdf?version=1659346983","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015117486","display_name":"Linlin Kou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801441622","display_name":"China Railway Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/044wv3489","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801441622","https://openalex.org/I4210122102"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linlin Kou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Mass Transit Railway Operation Corp. Ltd., Beijing 100044, China","State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Mass Transit Railway Operation Corp. Ltd., Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801441622"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057512648","display_name":"Jiaxian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1576-5992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75955062","display_name":"Henan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00s13br28","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75955062"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75955062"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088716214","display_name":"Yong Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-8316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033586311","display_name":"Wentao Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5335-9517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75955062","display_name":"Henan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00s13br28","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75955062"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wentao Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75955062"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033586311"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75955062"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.3345,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79411708,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"15","first_page":"5681","last_page":"5681"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9598000049591064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6916314363479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.6267523765563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6099292039871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5971938371658325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5865651369094849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.5557387471199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5484306812286377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5003652572631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.4233986735343933}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6916314363479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.6267523765563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6099292039871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5971938371658325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5865651369094849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.5557387471199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5484306812286377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5003652572631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.4233986735343933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22155681","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155681","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5681/pdf?version=1659346983","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35957238","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35957238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c84c6c9db1194de9a34e0142549d2c25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c84c6c9db1194de9a34e0142549d2c25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 15, p 5681 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/15/5681/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155681","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 15; Pages: 5681","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9371097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9371097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22155681","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155681","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5681/pdf?version=1659346983","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289205292.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289205292.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W575490277","https://openalex.org/W923818475","https://openalex.org/W1836095436","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2258884143","https://openalex.org/W2323403147","https://openalex.org/W2568819930","https://openalex.org/W2594467130","https://openalex.org/W2738563279","https://openalex.org/W2740570963","https://openalex.org/W2769273809","https://openalex.org/W2791139105","https://openalex.org/W2802012801","https://openalex.org/W2807657100","https://openalex.org/W2809598685","https://openalex.org/W2887767982","https://openalex.org/W2904460913","https://openalex.org/W2929444508","https://openalex.org/W2945413072","https://openalex.org/W2945939083","https://openalex.org/W2963920537","https://openalex.org/W3039216919","https://openalex.org/W3041070623","https://openalex.org/W3048929175","https://openalex.org/W3089028909","https://openalex.org/W3091226200","https://openalex.org/W3092060126","https://openalex.org/W3129166376","https://openalex.org/W3131791392","https://openalex.org/W4213359304","https://openalex.org/W6751494907","https://openalex.org/W6780041708"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4298130764","https://openalex.org/W2804364458","https://openalex.org/W2770593030","https://openalex.org/W3154990682","https://openalex.org/W2132641928","https://openalex.org/W4310225030","https://openalex.org/W2090259340","https://openalex.org/W2560201613","https://openalex.org/W1926736923","https://openalex.org/W2184115898"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aiming":[0],"at":[1],"the":[2,9,29,41,60,69,82,88,91,97,118,155],"online":[3,30,108],"detection":[4,31,47,109,160],"problem":[5],"of":[6,12,84,90,110,157],"rolling":[7,162],"bearings,":[8],"limited":[10],"amount":[11],"target":[13],"bearing":[14,123],"data":[15,51,62,70,124,128],"leads":[16],"to":[17,33,80,106,137],"insufficient":[18],"model":[19,32,103,152],"in":[20,56],"training":[21,61],"and":[22,126,140],"feature":[23],"representation.":[24],"It":[25],"is":[26,54,78,104],"difficult":[27],"for":[28,161],"construct":[34],"an":[35],"accurate":[36],"decision":[37],"boundary.":[38],"To":[39],"solve":[40],"problem,":[42],"a":[43,74],"multi-scale":[44,99,148],"robust":[45,92,98,147],"anomaly":[46],"method":[48,77,132],"based":[49],"on":[50,117],"enhancement":[52,71],"technology":[53],"proposed":[55,131],"this":[57],"paper.":[58],"Firstly,":[59],"are":[63,115],"transformed":[64],"into":[65],"multiple":[66],"subspaces":[67],"through":[68],"technology.":[72],"Then,":[73],"prototype":[75],"clustering":[76],"introduced":[79],"enhance":[81],"robustness":[83],"features":[85],"representation":[86],"under":[87],"framework":[89],"deep":[93],"auto-encoding":[94],"algorithm.":[95],"Finally,":[96],"Deep-SVDD":[100,149],"hyper":[101,150],"sphere":[102,151],"constructed":[105],"achieve":[107],"abnormal":[111],"state":[112],"data.":[113],"Experiments":[114],"conducted":[116],"IEEE":[119],"PHM":[120],"Challenge":[121],"2012":[122],"set":[125],"XJTU-TU":[127],"set.":[129],"The":[130,146],"shows":[133],"much":[134],"greater":[135],"susceptibility":[136],"incipient":[138,158],"faults,":[139],"it":[141],"has":[142],"fewer":[143],"false":[144],"alarms.":[145],"significantly":[153],"improves":[154],"performance":[156],"fault":[159],"bearings.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
