{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4288719732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155669","title":"Model Predictive Direct Torque Control and Fuzzy Logic Energy Management for Multi Power Source Electric Vehicles","display_name":"Model Predictive Direct Torque Control and Fuzzy Logic Energy Management for Multi Power Source Electric Vehicles","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4288719732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155669","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35957226"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22155669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155669","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5669/pdf?version=1659507096","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5669/pdf?version=1659507096","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082441341","display_name":"Khoudir Kakouche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6365-5029"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187560010","display_name":"University of B\u00e9ja\u00efa","ror":"https://ror.org/03yb2hp88","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187560010"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khoudir Kakouche","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Technologie Industrielle et de l\u2019Information, Facult\u00e9 de Technologie, Universit\u00e9 de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6365-5029","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Technologie Industrielle et de l\u2019Information, Facult\u00e9 de Technologie, Universit\u00e9 de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187560010"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033945050","display_name":"Toufik Rekioua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6258-5708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187560010","display_name":"University of B\u00e9ja\u00efa","ror":"https://ror.org/03yb2hp88","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187560010"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toufik Rekioua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Technologie Industrielle et de l\u2019Information, Facult\u00e9 de Technologie, Universit\u00e9 de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6258-5708","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Technologie Industrielle et de l\u2019Information, Facult\u00e9 de Technologie, Universit\u00e9 de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187560010"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048893109","display_name":"Sma\u00efl Mezani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8324-7046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110412","display_name":"D\u00e9l\u00e9gation Centre-Est","ror":"https://ror.org/01tz1zp46","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210110412","https://openalex.org/I4210139971"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115972","display_name":"Groupe de Recherche en \u00c9nergie \u00c9lectrique de Nancy","ror":"https://ror.org/01kwx4m12","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210110412","https://openalex.org/I4210115972","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Smail Mezani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, GREEN, F-54000 Nancy, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, GREEN, F-54000 Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115972","https://openalex.org/I90183372","https://openalex.org/I4210110412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025167796","display_name":"Adel Oubelaid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187560010","display_name":"University of B\u00e9ja\u00efa","ror":"https://ror.org/03yb2hp88","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187560010"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adel Oubelaid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Technologie Industrielle et de l\u2019Information, Facult\u00e9 de Technologie, Universit\u00e9 de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2659-5631","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Technologie Industrielle et de l\u2019Information, Facult\u00e9 de Technologie, Universit\u00e9 de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187560010"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034975888","display_name":"Djamila Rekioua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9709-3420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187560010","display_name":"University of B\u00e9ja\u00efa","ror":"https://ror.org/03yb2hp88","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187560010"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Djamila Rekioua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Technologie Industrielle et de l\u2019Information, Facult\u00e9 de Technologie, Universit\u00e9 de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Technologie Industrielle et de l\u2019Information, Facult\u00e9 de Technologie, Universit\u00e9 de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187560010"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018421580","display_name":"Vojt\u011bch Bla\u017eek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0508-8518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vojtech Blazek","raw_affiliation_strings":["ENET Centre, VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0508-8518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ENET Centre, VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048431138","display_name":"Luk\u00e1\u0161 Prokop","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0495-5499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lukas Prokop","raw_affiliation_strings":["ENET Centre, VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ENET Centre, VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084854588","display_name":"Stanislav Mi\u0161\u00e1k","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7344-6930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stanislav Misak","raw_affiliation_strings":["ENET Centre, VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ENET Centre, VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015408396","display_name":"Mohit Bajaj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-457X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44635919","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/032twef21","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152752","https://openalex.org/I44635919"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60054993","display_name":"Graphic Era University","ror":"https://ror.org/03wqgqd89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohit Bajaj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun 248002, India","Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Delhi 110040, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-457X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun 248002, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Delhi 110040, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44635919"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045071979","display_name":"Sherif S. M. Ghoneim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9387-1950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sherif S. M. Ghoneim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9387-1950","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018421580"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":6.3495,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97669483,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"15","first_page":"5669","last_page":"5669"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-cycle","display_name":"Driving cycle","score":0.7286725044250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.6236242651939392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5811867713928223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.5467589497566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5305206179618835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-torque-control","display_name":"Direct torque control","score":0.5208514332771301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.5087926983833313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4929311275482178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.4567912220954895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.43967312574386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traction-motor","display_name":"Traction motor","score":0.43022918701171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-control-system","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","score":0.423061341047287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-predictive-control","display_name":"Model predictive control","score":0.41960614919662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4188781976699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3345937132835388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3258613348007202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.24183616042137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induction-motor","display_name":"Induction motor","score":0.24012300372123718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1359187364578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.1322721540927887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.11185657978057861}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169042556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16246150","display_name":"Driving cycle","level":4,"score":0.7286725044250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.6236242651939392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5811867713928223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.5467589497566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5305206179618835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109871850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227571","display_name":"Direct torque control","level":4,"score":0.5208514332771301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.5087926983833313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4929311275482178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.4567912220954895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.43967312574386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136269787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392476","display_name":"Traction motor","level":2,"score":0.43022918701171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195975749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475705","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","level":3,"score":0.423061341047287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.41960614919662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4188781976699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3345937132835388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3258613348007202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.24183616042137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80962145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207450","display_name":"Induction motor","level":3,"score":0.24012300372123718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1359187364578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.1322721540927887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11185657978057861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22155669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155669","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5669/pdf?version=1659507096","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35957226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35957226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04259767v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04259767","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, 2022, 22 (15), pp.5669. ⟨10.3390/s22155669⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fa04eb855c06475584679be5cceb1887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fa04eb855c06475584679be5cceb1887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 15, p 5669 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.vsb.cz:10084/148708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10084/148708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401668","display_name":"DSpace V\u0160B-TUO (V\u0160B-TUO)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","host_organization_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Peer-reviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/15/5669/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155669","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 15; Pages: 5669","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9371120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9371120","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22155669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155669","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5669/pdf?version=1659507096","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323722","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4288719732.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4288719732.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974632557","https://openalex.org/W2001821172","https://openalex.org/W2033509089","https://openalex.org/W2062433761","https://openalex.org/W2062445356","https://openalex.org/W2106380910","https://openalex.org/W2145393694","https://openalex.org/W2159362519","https://openalex.org/W2261703971","https://openalex.org/W2316488630","https://openalex.org/W2732040278","https://openalex.org/W2739334600","https://openalex.org/W2768231889","https://openalex.org/W2769327210","https://openalex.org/W2800487975","https://openalex.org/W2808383679","https://openalex.org/W2887140415","https://openalex.org/W2890496717","https://openalex.org/W2907227150","https://openalex.org/W2944823506","https://openalex.org/W2954775034","https://openalex.org/W2965446611","https://openalex.org/W2968535061","https://openalex.org/W2994055176","https://openalex.org/W3000527253","https://openalex.org/W3004215913","https://openalex.org/W3009614821","https://openalex.org/W3015332658","https://openalex.org/W3016723511","https://openalex.org/W3110253177","https://openalex.org/W3122023571","https://openalex.org/W3148812677","https://openalex.org/W3153115188","https://openalex.org/W3170044975","https://openalex.org/W3181795456","https://openalex.org/W3197003426","https://openalex.org/W3209646698","https://openalex.org/W3215536970","https://openalex.org/W4205374511","https://openalex.org/W4206203946","https://openalex.org/W4214650262","https://openalex.org/W4220662874","https://openalex.org/W4283258848","https://openalex.org/W6699840456","https://openalex.org/W6775852912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3114874629","https://openalex.org/W2107486489","https://openalex.org/W1556990800","https://openalex.org/W4390908260","https://openalex.org/W2952020680","https://openalex.org/W2371083903","https://openalex.org/W2481191189","https://openalex.org/W2377694002","https://openalex.org/W4233003078","https://openalex.org/W2755730896"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,9,20,88,128],"novel":[4],"Fuzzy-MPDTC":[5],"control":[6,34,39,205],"applied":[7],"to":[8,38,71,151],"fuel":[10],"cell":[11],"battery":[12,179],"electric":[13],"vehicle":[14],"whose":[15],"traction":[16,28],"is":[17,36,67,102,106],"ensured":[18],"using":[19,108,123],"permanent":[21],"magnet":[22],"synchronous":[23],"motor":[24],"(PMSM).":[25],"On":[26,54],"the":[27,55,80,109,114,132,136,140,152,157,160,166,178,185,198,203],"side,":[29,57],"model":[30],"predictive":[31],"direct":[32],"torque":[33,45,141],"(MPDTC)":[35],"used":[37],"PMSM":[40,161],"torque,":[41],"and":[42,46,78,99,113,142,147,155,176,189,200],"guarantee":[43],"minimum":[44],"current":[47,162],"ripples":[48,144],"while":[49],"ensuring":[50],"satisfactory":[51],"speed":[52,187],"tracking.":[53],"sources":[56,76],"an":[58],"energy":[59,75],"management":[60],"strategy":[61],"(EMS)":[62],"based":[63,169],"on":[64,170],"fuzzy":[65,171],"logic":[66,172],"proposed,":[68],"it":[69],"aims":[70],"distribute":[72],"power":[73,82],"over":[74],"rationally":[77],"satisfy":[79],"load":[81],"demand.":[83],"To":[84],"assess":[85],"these":[86],"techniques,":[87],"driving":[89,192],"cycle":[90],"under":[91,184],"different":[92],"operating":[93],"modes,":[94],"namely":[95],"cruising,":[96],"acceleration,":[97],"idling":[98],"regenerative":[100],"braking":[101],"proposed.":[103],"Real-time":[104],"simulation":[105,122],"developed":[107],"RT":[110],"LAB":[111],"platform":[112],"obtained":[115,119],"results":[116,126,196],"match":[117],"those":[118],"in":[120],"numerical":[121],"MATLAB/Simulink.":[124],"The":[125],"show":[127],"good":[129,174],"performance":[130,175],"of":[131,159,202],"whole":[133],"system,":[134],"where":[135],"proposed":[137,167,186,204],"MPDTC":[138],"minimized":[139],"flux":[143],"with":[145,163],"54.54%":[146],"77%,":[148],"respectively,":[149],"compared":[150],"conventional":[153],"DTC":[154],"reduced":[156],"THD":[158],"53.37%.":[164],"Furthermore,":[165],"EMS":[168],"shows":[173],"keeps":[177],"SOC":[180],"within":[181],"safe":[182],"limits":[183],"profile":[188],"international":[190],"NYCC":[191],"cycle.":[193],"These":[194],"aforementioned":[195],"confirm":[197],"robustness":[199],"effectiveness":[201],"techniques.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-07T13:39:58.223016","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}