{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4287219745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155497","title":"Evaluating the Forest Ecosystem through a Semi-Autonomous Quadruped Robot and a Hexacopter UAV","display_name":"Evaluating the Forest Ecosystem through a Semi-Autonomous Quadruped Robot and a Hexacopter UAV","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4287219745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155497","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35898001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22155497","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155497","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045528882","display_name":"Moad Idrissi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9995-3180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","display_name":"Birmingham City University","ror":"https://ror.org/00t67pt25","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Moad Idrissi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9995-3180","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049280354","display_name":"Ambreen Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-9324"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","display_name":"Birmingham City University","ror":"https://ror.org/00t67pt25","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ambreen Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024378260","display_name":"Bidushi Barua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5403-5896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","display_name":"Birmingham City University","ror":"https://ror.org/00t67pt25","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bidushi Barua","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056418668","display_name":"Ahmed Osman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9302-8608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","display_name":"Birmingham City University","ror":"https://ror.org/00t67pt25","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Osman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004501032","display_name":"Raouf Abozariba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1307-6245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","display_name":"Birmingham City University","ror":"https://ror.org/00t67pt25","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raouf Abozariba","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1307-6245","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052239762","display_name":"Adel Aneiba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8021-445X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","display_name":"Birmingham City University","ror":"https://ror.org/00t67pt25","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adel Aneiba","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063324008","display_name":"A. Taufiq Asyhari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-8285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","display_name":"Birmingham City University","ror":"https://ror.org/00t67pt25","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taufiq Asyhari","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-8285","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045528882"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":13.9921,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98326626,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"15","first_page":"5497","last_page":"5497"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.7076460123062134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6214181780815125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5341250896453857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.5246139764785767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.5158747434616089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-and-rescue","display_name":"Search and rescue","score":0.5061215758323669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-canopy","display_name":"Tree canopy","score":0.4568113386631012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.4236913323402405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3370916545391083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32521283626556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.234369695186615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy","display_name":"Canopy","score":0.1994786560535431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11296901106834412}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7076460123062134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6214181780815125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5341250896453857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.5246139764785767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.5158747434616089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775935494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q741964","display_name":"Search and rescue","level":3,"score":0.5061215758323669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39807119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134228","display_name":"Tree canopy","level":3,"score":0.4568113386631012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.4236913323402405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3370916545391083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32521283626556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.234369695186615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.1994786560535431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11296901106834412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014197","descriptor_name":"Trees","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014197","descriptor_name":"Trees","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014197","descriptor_name":"Trees","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017753","descriptor_name":"Ecosystem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017753","descriptor_name":"Ecosystem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017753","descriptor_name":"Ecosystem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065928","descriptor_name":"Forests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065928","descriptor_name":"Forests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065928","descriptor_name":"Forests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22155497","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35898001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35898001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0517fedb22e641c88a845168468f7f6a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0517fedb22e641c88a845168468f7f6a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 15, p 5497 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/15/5497/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 15; Pages: 5497","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9371004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9371004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22155497","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1554501944","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1968896562","https://openalex.org/W2012358566","https://openalex.org/W2012798402","https://openalex.org/W2033888050","https://openalex.org/W2043442349","https://openalex.org/W2060794637","https://openalex.org/W2061423527","https://openalex.org/W2077267678","https://openalex.org/W2082534684","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2103959917","https://openalex.org/W2124194493","https://openalex.org/W2148236355","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2213241010","https://openalex.org/W2257554162","https://openalex.org/W2407521645","https://openalex.org/W2486473113","https://openalex.org/W2495121589","https://openalex.org/W2508241568","https://openalex.org/W2508764147","https://openalex.org/W2528740446","https://openalex.org/W2539508357","https://openalex.org/W2556502614","https://openalex.org/W2585253555","https://openalex.org/W2591399839","https://openalex.org/W2599068109","https://openalex.org/W2599431124","https://openalex.org/W2613718673","https://openalex.org/W2782807102","https://openalex.org/W2794086381","https://openalex.org/W2799798210","https://openalex.org/W2895824696","https://openalex.org/W2899043065","https://openalex.org/W2901286613","https://openalex.org/W2903052844","https://openalex.org/W2903526012","https://openalex.org/W2915981391","https://openalex.org/W2925102504","https://openalex.org/W2962949934","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2980939031","https://openalex.org/W2994008524","https://openalex.org/W2994747766","https://openalex.org/W3013471216","https://openalex.org/W3019189029","https://openalex.org/W3043795300","https://openalex.org/W3047469413","https://openalex.org/W3094332605","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W3107902501","https://openalex.org/W3111406415","https://openalex.org/W3120672047","https://openalex.org/W3124045049","https://openalex.org/W3129522298","https://openalex.org/W3136025710","https://openalex.org/W3138272835","https://openalex.org/W3158114921","https://openalex.org/W3185743663","https://openalex.org/W3202822501","https://openalex.org/W3214038632","https://openalex.org/W4205900964","https://openalex.org/W4206933963","https://openalex.org/W4206956433","https://openalex.org/W4207057737","https://openalex.org/W4281705696","https://openalex.org/W6733310124","https://openalex.org/W6751357924","https://openalex.org/W6759495822","https://openalex.org/W6781743916","https://openalex.org/W6785258062","https://openalex.org/W6786029171","https://openalex.org/W6789549451","https://openalex.org/W7023575188"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W96612179","https://openalex.org/W2770234245","https://openalex.org/W2566006169","https://openalex.org/W4389670110","https://openalex.org/W2187546663","https://openalex.org/W2429057255","https://openalex.org/W2987774938","https://openalex.org/W148745890","https://openalex.org/W2384073572","https://openalex.org/W2116116881"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"and":[1,14,29,47,56,78,114,119,138,156,180,192,205],"timely":[2],"monitoring":[3],"is":[4,50,190],"imperative":[5],"to":[6,26,52,57,122,161,176,194,202],"the":[7,18,70,86,92,127,147,159,178],"resilience":[8],"of":[9,61,94,146,153,173],"forests":[10],"for":[11,182,196],"economic":[12],"growth":[13],"climate":[15],"regulation.":[16],"In":[17,34,167],"UK,":[19],"forest":[20,62,207],"management":[21],"depends":[22],"on":[23],"citizen":[24],"science":[25],"perform":[27,53],"tedious":[28],"time-consuming":[30],"data":[31],"collection":[32],"tasks.":[33],"this":[35],"study,":[36],"an":[37,100,106,163],"unmanned":[38],"aerial":[39,54],"vehicle":[40],"(UAV)":[41],"equipped":[42,111],"with":[43,99,112],"a":[44,59,96,171],"light":[45,113],"sensor":[46],"positioning":[48],"capabilities":[49],"deployed":[51],"surveying":[55],"observe":[58,123],"series":[60,172],"health":[63],"indicators":[64],"(FHIs)":[65],"which":[66],"are":[67],"inaccessible":[68],"from":[69,84,126],"ground.":[71,128],"However,":[72],"many":[73],"FHIs":[74,125],"such":[75],"as":[76,103,105],"burrows":[77],"deadwood":[79],"can":[80,132],"only":[81],"be":[82,133],"observed":[83],"under":[85],"tree":[87],"canopy.":[88],"Hence,":[89],"we":[90,142,169],"take":[91],"initiative":[93],"employing":[95],"quadruped":[97],"robot":[98],"integrated":[101],"camera":[102],"well":[104],"external":[107],"sensing":[108],"platform":[109],"(ESP)":[110],"infrared":[115],"cameras,":[116],"computing,":[117],"communication":[118],"power":[120],"modules":[121],"these":[124],"The":[129],"forest-monitoring":[130],"time":[131],"extended":[134],"by":[135,158],"reducing":[136],"computation":[137],"conserving":[139],"energy.":[140],"Therefore,":[141],"analysed":[143],"different":[144],"versions":[145],"YOLO":[148],"object-detection":[149],"algorithm":[150],"in":[151],"terms":[152],"accuracy,":[154],"deployment":[155],"usability":[157],"EXP":[160],"accomplish":[162],"extensive":[164],"low-latency":[165],"detection.":[166],"addition,":[168],"constructed":[170],"new":[174],"datasets":[175],"train":[177,195],"YOLOv5x":[179],"YOLOv5s":[181,189],"recognising":[183],"FHIs.":[184],"Our":[185],"results":[186],"reveal":[187],"that":[188],"lightweight":[191],"easy":[193],"FHI":[197],"detection":[198],"while":[199],"performing":[200],"close":[201],"real-time,":[203],"cost-effective":[204],"autonomous":[206],"monitoring.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-09T15:46:55.921056","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}