{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283756663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22134965","title":"Modelling of Land Use/Cover and LST Variations by Using GIS and Remote Sensing: A Case Study of the Northern Pakhtunkhwa Mountainous Region, Pakistan","display_name":"Modelling of Land Use/Cover and LST Variations by Using GIS and Remote Sensing: A Case Study of the Northern Pakhtunkhwa Mountainous Region, Pakistan","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283756663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22134965","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35808454"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22134965","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22134965","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/13/4965/pdf?version=1656658754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/13/4965/pdf?version=1656658754","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067614476","display_name":"Akhtar Rehman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akhtar Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032454292","display_name":"Jun Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1266-5363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jun Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060835522","display_name":"Sedra Shafi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2699-5248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sedra Shafi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geosciences and Information Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Information Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010289220","display_name":"Muhammad Sadiq Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6517-8342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144289","display_name":"Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03rpsvy57","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210144289"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Sadiq Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6517-8342","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144289","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019257204","display_name":"Siddique Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2935-6716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131573596","display_name":"Abbottabad University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0549hdw45","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siddique Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Science, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Science, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131573596","https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101468456","display_name":"Khalid Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-3261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131573596","display_name":"Abbottabad University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0549hdw45","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khalid Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Science, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Science, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131573596","https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053625245","display_name":"Nazir Ur Rehman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5370-5344"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387156092","display_name":"Khushal Khan Khattak University Karak","ror":"https://ror.org/006knb923","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387156092"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazir Ur Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geology, Khushal Khan Khattak University, Karak 27200, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geology, Khushal Khan Khattak University, Karak 27200, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387156092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101798845","display_name":"Muhammad Faheem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-1586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Faheem","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032454292"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.25,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87068512,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"13","first_page":"4965","last_page":"4965"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.6695454716682434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.6650272011756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microclimate","display_name":"Microclimate","score":0.6257343292236328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5955182909965515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.488283634185791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4836500883102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.4263836443424225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3577682077884674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3461710214614868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","score":0.3378801941871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.16991707682609558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.10114157199859619}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.6695454716682434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.6650272011756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32957820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215108","display_name":"Microclimate","level":2,"score":0.6257343292236328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5955182909965515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.488283634185791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4836500883102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.4263836443424225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3577682077884674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3461710214614868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.3378801941871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.16991707682609558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10114157199859619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000531","descriptor_name":"Altitude","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000531","descriptor_name":"Altitude","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000531","descriptor_name":"Altitude","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010154","descriptor_name":"Pakistan","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010154","descriptor_name":"Pakistan","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010154","descriptor_name":"Pakistan","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012987","descriptor_name":"Soil","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012987","descriptor_name":"Soil","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012987","descriptor_name":"Soil","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014675","descriptor_name":"Vegetables","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014675","descriptor_name":"Vegetables","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014675","descriptor_name":"Vegetables","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044822","descriptor_name":"Biodiversity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044822","descriptor_name":"Biodiversity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044822","descriptor_name":"Biodiversity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22134965","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22134965","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/13/4965/pdf?version=1656658754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35808454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35808454","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0c974bc39bb74c5592ca2e2a5f27347e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0c974bc39bb74c5592ca2e2a5f27347e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 13, p 4965 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/13/4965/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22134965","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 13; Pages: 4965","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9269704","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9269704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22134965","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22134965","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/13/4965/pdf?version=1656658754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283756663.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1535837205","https://openalex.org/W1536340909","https://openalex.org/W1571538446","https://openalex.org/W1932680325","https://openalex.org/W1966698214","https://openalex.org/W1969732403","https://openalex.org/W1974522364","https://openalex.org/W1975580040","https://openalex.org/W1976228594","https://openalex.org/W1979248264","https://openalex.org/W1979789940","https://openalex.org/W1984136939","https://openalex.org/W1986158510","https://openalex.org/W1990504257","https://openalex.org/W1991012229","https://openalex.org/W2001660782","https://openalex.org/W2004776481","https://openalex.org/W2009235968","https://openalex.org/W2010524426","https://openalex.org/W2010565759","https://openalex.org/W2010735452","https://openalex.org/W2017695736","https://openalex.org/W2030737358","https://openalex.org/W2035394594","https://openalex.org/W2056125463","https://openalex.org/W2056968363","https://openalex.org/W2059802853","https://openalex.org/W2068618591","https://openalex.org/W2076447280","https://openalex.org/W2077065917","https://openalex.org/W2080924030","https://openalex.org/W2081688099","https://openalex.org/W2084160216","https://openalex.org/W2087048159","https://openalex.org/W2090839329","https://openalex.org/W2091523418","https://openalex.org/W2114828048","https://openalex.org/W2127437631","https://openalex.org/W2135822449","https://openalex.org/W2139531445","https://openalex.org/W2143513491","https://openalex.org/W2149298154","https://openalex.org/W2151389381","https://openalex.org/W2154201226","https://openalex.org/W2159208633","https://openalex.org/W2165302964","https://openalex.org/W2173157294","https://openalex.org/W2175156545","https://openalex.org/W2195202177","https://openalex.org/W2246372546","https://openalex.org/W2269993870","https://openalex.org/W2284878881","https://openalex.org/W2289096635","https://openalex.org/W2301805150","https://openalex.org/W2317570097","https://openalex.org/W2377281731","https://openalex.org/W2461253136","https://openalex.org/W2509536558","https://openalex.org/W2549851218","https://openalex.org/W2559140793","https://openalex.org/W2559225374","https://openalex.org/W2573691892","https://openalex.org/W2757842802","https://openalex.org/W2766922025","https://openalex.org/W2783216674","https://openalex.org/W2900603504","https://openalex.org/W2906451728","https://openalex.org/W2906744656","https://openalex.org/W2910255414","https://openalex.org/W2914685532","https://openalex.org/W2946143519","https://openalex.org/W2947287914","https://openalex.org/W6641893523","https://openalex.org/W6645243953","https://openalex.org/W6645291347","https://openalex.org/W6651902496","https://openalex.org/W6653105006","https://openalex.org/W6673051380","https://openalex.org/W6673536413","https://openalex.org/W6744424992"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524645747","https://openalex.org/W4309269549","https://openalex.org/W3133615129","https://openalex.org/W2087854757","https://openalex.org/W2188959887","https://openalex.org/W2373152553","https://openalex.org/W2972049582","https://openalex.org/W4389201442","https://openalex.org/W2386169820","https://openalex.org/W604251607"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Alteration":[0],"in":[1,19,41,112,127,132,241],"Land":[2,44],"Use/Cover":[3],"(LULC)":[4],"considered":[5],"a":[6,207],"major":[7],"challenge":[8],"over":[9],"the":[10,23,28,35,67,82,102,106,124,133,137,141,159,172,225,243],"recent":[11],"decades,":[12],"as":[13,90],"it":[14,222],"plays":[15],"an":[16],"important":[17],"role":[18],"diminishing":[20],"biodiversity,":[21],"altering":[22],"macro":[24],"and":[25,43,48,75,97,114,120,123,143,155,158,212,238],"microclimate.":[26],"Therefore,":[27],"current":[29],"study":[30,134],"was":[31,69],"designed":[32],"to":[33,203,216],"examine":[34],"past":[36],"30":[37,53,139,180],"years":[38,54],"(1987\u22122017)":[39],"changes":[40],"LULC":[42,57,107,248],"Surface":[45],"Temperature":[46],"(LST)":[47],"also":[49],"simulated":[50],"for":[51,81,101,170,175,233],"next":[52,138],"(2047).":[55],"The":[56,197],"maps":[58],"were":[59,87],"developed":[60],"based":[61],"on":[62],"maximum":[63],"probability":[64],"classification":[65,108],"while":[66],"LST":[68,199,245],"retrieved":[70],"from":[71],"Landsat":[72],"thermal":[73],"bands":[74],"Radiative":[76],"Transfer":[77],"Equation":[78],"(RTE)":[79],"method":[80],"respective":[83],"years.":[84],"Different":[85],"approaches":[86],"used,":[88],"such":[89],"Weighted":[91],"Evidence":[92],"(WE),":[93],"Cellular":[94],"Automata":[95],"(CA)":[96],"regression":[98],"prediction":[99],"model":[100],"year":[103],"2047.":[104,168,196],"Resultantly,":[105],"showed":[109,206],"increasing":[110,244],"trend":[111,126,209],"built-up":[113,142],"bare":[115,144],"soil":[116,145],"classes":[117,146,177],"(13":[118],"km2":[119,154,186],"89":[121],"km2),":[122,157],"decreasing":[125,208],"vegetation":[128,160],"class":[129,161],"(\u2212144":[130],"km2)":[131,166,194,211,218],"area.":[135],"In":[136],"years,":[140],"would":[147,162,190,213],"further":[148,163,191,214],"rise":[149],"with":[150,247],"same":[151,226],"speed":[152],"(25":[153],"36.53":[156],"decline":[164,215],"(\u2212147":[165],"until":[167,195,219],"Similarly":[169],"LST,":[171],"temperature":[173],"range":[174,200],"higher":[176],"(27":[178],"-<":[179],"\u00b0C)":[181,205],"increased":[182],"by":[183],"about":[184],"140":[185],"during":[187],"1987\u22122017,":[188],"which":[189],"enlarge":[192],"(409":[193],"lower":[198],"(15":[201],"\u00b0C":[202],"<21":[204],"(\u221254.94":[210],"(\u221220":[217],"2047":[220],"if":[221],"remained":[223],"at":[224],"speed.":[227],"Prospective":[228],"findings":[229],"will":[230],"be":[231],"helpful":[232],"land":[234],"use":[235],"planners,":[236],"climatologists":[237],"other":[239],"scientists":[240],"reducing":[242],"associated":[246],"changes.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
