{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283155208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22124632","title":"Development of a Non-Contacting Muscular Activity Measurement System for Evaluating Knee Extensors Training in Real-Time","display_name":"Development of a Non-Contacting Muscular Activity Measurement System for Evaluating Knee Extensors Training in Real-Time","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283155208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22124632","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35746413"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22124632","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22124632","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/12/4632/pdf?version=1655633641","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/12/4632/pdf?version=1655633641","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102205881","display_name":"Zixi Gu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zixi Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038245903","display_name":"Shengxu Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengxu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075062978","display_name":"Sarah Cosentino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-7842"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Cosentino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan","Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075328170","display_name":"Atsuo Takanishi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9388-9278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atsuo Takanishi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan","Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan","Humanoid Robotics Institute, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Humanoid Robotics Institute, Waseda University, Tokyo 1690051, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102205881"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.4888,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57015951,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"12","first_page":"4632","last_page":"4632"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","score":0.8067588210105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.6810742020606995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6164973378181458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait","display_name":"Gait","score":0.5945823192596436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromyography","display_name":"Electromyography","score":0.5707692503929138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.5455103516578674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activity-recognition","display_name":"Activity recognition","score":0.5287411212921143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-capture","display_name":"Motion capture","score":0.47149795293807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.4598897099494934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-deviation","display_name":"Standard deviation","score":0.42720767855644226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35650157928466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.35222768783569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.3417320251464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.14654415845870972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14042291045188904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1059211790561676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.08519673347473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07901903986930847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.8067588210105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.6810742020606995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6164973378181458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.5945823192596436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777515770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507369","display_name":"Electromyography","level":2,"score":0.5707692503929138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.5455103516578674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121687571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Activity recognition","level":2,"score":0.5287411212921143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.47149795293807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4598897099494934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.42720767855644226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35650157928466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.35222768783569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.3417320251464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.14654415845870972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14042291045188904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1059211790561676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.08519673347473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07901903986930847}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007717","descriptor_name":"Knee","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007717","descriptor_name":"Knee","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007717","descriptor_name":"Knee","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007719","descriptor_name":"Knee Joint","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007719","descriptor_name":"Knee Joint","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007719","descriptor_name":"Knee Joint","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22124632","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22124632","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/12/4632/pdf?version=1655633641","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35746413","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35746413","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f640d384aa3c4de88bec79e7260224f8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f640d384aa3c4de88bec79e7260224f8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 12, p 4632 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/12/4632/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22124632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 12; Pages: 4632","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9229534","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9229534","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22124632","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22124632","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/12/4632/pdf?version=1655633641","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322638","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326410","display_name":"Tokyo Women's Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kjjhe36"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283155208.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283155208.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1601971225","https://openalex.org/W1893950059","https://openalex.org/W1967422967","https://openalex.org/W1971612758","https://openalex.org/W2017812360","https://openalex.org/W2027504893","https://openalex.org/W2034899152","https://openalex.org/W2036409397","https://openalex.org/W2056360597","https://openalex.org/W2072588720","https://openalex.org/W2073310678","https://openalex.org/W2077590384","https://openalex.org/W2159011472","https://openalex.org/W2163424174","https://openalex.org/W2169122708","https://openalex.org/W2212926257","https://openalex.org/W2216455904","https://openalex.org/W2242722011","https://openalex.org/W2418673710","https://openalex.org/W2461919023","https://openalex.org/W2593165376","https://openalex.org/W2594019170","https://openalex.org/W2944700305","https://openalex.org/W2970652715","https://openalex.org/W2994954955","https://openalex.org/W3002741736","https://openalex.org/W3043559739","https://openalex.org/W3132432984","https://openalex.org/W3145768787","https://openalex.org/W3164114146","https://openalex.org/W3198705930","https://openalex.org/W4394484562","https://openalex.org/W6734165043","https://openalex.org/W6771228914","https://openalex.org/W6998777554"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2091018038","https://openalex.org/W2376139493","https://openalex.org/W2225378543","https://openalex.org/W9839718","https://openalex.org/W3016838864","https://openalex.org/W2766841671","https://openalex.org/W2117913171","https://openalex.org/W3105278570","https://openalex.org/W2582769230","https://openalex.org/W3135709989"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"give":[1],"people":[2],"more":[3],"specific":[4],"information":[5],"on":[6,105,136],"the":[7,106,146,182,211,214],"quality":[8],"of":[9,38,80,161,178],"their":[10],"daily":[11,203],"motion,":[12],"it":[13],"is":[14,192,199,223],"necessary":[15],"to":[16,31,69,93,115],"continuously":[17],"measure":[18,32],"muscular":[19],"activity":[20,34,73,96,118,141,230],"during":[21,119,232],"everyday":[22],"occupations":[23],"in":[24,62,189],"an":[25,126],"easy":[26],"way.":[27],"The":[28,139],"traditional":[29],"methods":[30,68],"muscle":[33,72,95,117,140,229],"using":[35,74,125],"a":[36,86,91,99,113,152,158,166,173,195,219],"combination":[37],"surface":[39],"electromyography":[40],"(sEMG)":[41],"sensors":[42],"and":[43,50,56,82,130,165,222],"optical":[44],"motion":[45],"capture":[46],"system":[47,83,129,175,217],"are":[48,66],"expensive":[49],"not":[51],"suitable":[52,225],"for":[53,202,226],"non-technical":[54],"users":[55],"unstructured":[57],"environment.":[58],"For":[59,206],"this":[60,109,207],"reason,":[61,208],"our":[63],"group":[64],"we":[65,89,111],"researching":[67],"estimate":[70,94,116],"leg":[71,228],"non-contact":[75],"wearable":[76],"sensors,":[77,124],"improving":[78],"ease":[79],"movement":[81],"usability.":[84],"In":[85,108],"previous":[87,212],"study,":[88,110,213],"developed":[90,132],"method":[92,114],"via":[97,121],"only":[98],"single":[100],"inertial":[101],"measurement":[102],"unit":[103],"(IMU)":[104],"shank.":[107],"describe":[112],"walking":[120,204],"two":[122],"IMU":[123],"original":[127],"sensing":[128],"specifically":[131],"estimation":[133,142,155,231],"algorithms":[134],"based":[135],"ANN":[137],"techniques.":[138],"results,":[143],"estimated":[144],"by":[145],"proposed":[147,216],"algorithm":[148],"after":[149],"optimization,":[150],"showed":[151],"relatively":[153],"high":[154],"accuracy":[156,221],"with":[157,172,210],"correlation":[159],"efficient":[160],"<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>":[162],"=":[163,170],"0.48":[164],"standard":[167],"deviation":[168],"STD":[169],"0.10,":[171],"total":[174],"average":[176,183],"delay":[177,198],"192":[179,196],"ms.":[180],"As":[181],"interval":[184],"between":[185],"different":[186],"gait":[187,191],"phases":[188],"human":[190],"250-1000":[193],"ms,":[194],"ms":[197],"still":[200],"acceptable":[201],"requirements.":[205],"compared":[209],"newly":[215],"presents":[218],"higher":[220],"better":[224],"real-time":[227],"walking.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
