{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281478857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22113988","title":"Characteristic Differences of Wind-Blown Sand Flow Field of Expressway Bridge and Subgrade and Their Implications on Expressway Design","display_name":"Characteristic Differences of Wind-Blown Sand Flow Field of Expressway Bridge and Subgrade and Their Implications on Expressway Design","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281478857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22113988","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35684608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22113988","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22113988","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/3988/pdf?version=1653471145","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/3988/pdf?version=1653471145","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026704054","display_name":"Shengbo Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7962-5019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106526","display_name":"Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/01jz1e142","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210106526"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shengbo Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106526","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101734758","display_name":"Xian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7278-5324"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106526","display_name":"Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/01jz1e142","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210106526"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106526","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059516867","display_name":"Yingjun Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3399-4115"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128615","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Forestry","ror":"https://ror.org/0360dkv71","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128615","https://openalex.org/I4210134523"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154093","display_name":"Institute of Desertification Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/00xymz606","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128615","https://openalex.org/I4210134523","https://openalex.org/I4210154093"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingjun Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154093","https://openalex.org/I4210128615"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026704054"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210106526"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.8761,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69022111,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"11","first_page":"3988","last_page":"3988"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12383","display_name":"Aeolian processes and effects","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12383","display_name":"Aeolian processes and effects","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11371","display_name":"Wind and Air Flow Studies","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12081","display_name":"Aerodynamics and Fluid Dynamics Research","score":0.9617999792098999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subgrade","display_name":"Subgrade","score":0.9582885503768921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"Wind speed","score":0.7206002473831177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridge","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","score":0.6549050807952881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.6051566004753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.43716567754745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-direction","display_name":"Wind direction","score":0.42356443405151367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3804253339767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.31352609395980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182377489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337829","display_name":"Subgrade","level":2,"score":0.9582885503768921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.7206002473831177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.6549050807952881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6051566004753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.43716567754745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107775477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057900","display_name":"Wind direction","level":3,"score":0.42356443405151367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3804253339767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.31352609395980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000080463","descriptor_name":"Sand","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080463","descriptor_name":"Sand","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080463","descriptor_name":"Sand","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22113988","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22113988","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/3988/pdf?version=1653471145","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35684608","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35684608","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c28f53a6f31a4f728f8f6fcd21a50db0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c28f53a6f31a4f728f8f6fcd21a50db0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 11, p 3988 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/11/3988/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22113988","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 11; Pages: 3988","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9182770","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9182770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22113988","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22113988","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/3988/pdf?version=1653471145","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5324130735","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41877530","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5425293278","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42077448","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6954909352","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018459","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322847","funder_display_name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322847","display_name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/031141b54"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281478857.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281478857.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1820614927","https://openalex.org/W1964573599","https://openalex.org/W1967397925","https://openalex.org/W2057302267","https://openalex.org/W2082818214","https://openalex.org/W2103923307","https://openalex.org/W2492497436","https://openalex.org/W2767604571","https://openalex.org/W2781468726","https://openalex.org/W2790880783","https://openalex.org/W2791407299","https://openalex.org/W2799993014","https://openalex.org/W2800346293","https://openalex.org/W2901680554","https://openalex.org/W2906151438","https://openalex.org/W2943876119","https://openalex.org/W2961144317","https://openalex.org/W2969945949","https://openalex.org/W2974596837","https://openalex.org/W2990285421","https://openalex.org/W2995118300","https://openalex.org/W3000561981","https://openalex.org/W3000899598","https://openalex.org/W3006442745","https://openalex.org/W3009778436","https://openalex.org/W3016526234","https://openalex.org/W3042838508","https://openalex.org/W3094183413","https://openalex.org/W3097989795","https://openalex.org/W3098087282","https://openalex.org/W3162174150","https://openalex.org/W3176001152"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4382071590","https://openalex.org/W573548274","https://openalex.org/W3179909183","https://openalex.org/W3015368464","https://openalex.org/W2388360072","https://openalex.org/W2088496946","https://openalex.org/W2523643221","https://openalex.org/W2374367348","https://openalex.org/W2376921262","https://openalex.org/W2357694458"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bridges":[0],"and":[1,33,41,51,56,64,101,103,140,143,236,263,295,311],"subgrades":[2,34],"are":[3],"the":[4,25,28,36,46,54,58,65,77,105,116,128,134,138,151,154,159,164,171,175,180,187,192,196,204,207,212,217,224,227,232,239,246,249,254,257,259,266,273,276,280,286,293,296,305,315],"main":[5],"route":[6,81,319],"forms":[7,82,320],"for":[8,13,76,314],"expressways.":[9],"The":[10,113,130,189],"ideal":[11],"form":[12],"passing":[14],"through":[15],"sandy":[16,84,322],"areas":[17],"remains":[18],"unclear.":[19],"This":[20,307],"study":[21],"aims":[22],"to":[23,71,118,157,210],"understand":[24],"differences":[26],"in":[27,48,60,67,83,115,174,191,321],"influence":[29],"of":[30,79,97,108,127,133,137,150,163,170,179,186,195,203,216,223,238,245,256,265,272,285,292,304,317],"expressway":[31,80,318],"bridges":[32],"on":[35,111,253],"near-surface":[37,119],"blown":[38,120],"sand":[39,68,110,121,176],"environment":[40],"movement":[42],"laws,":[43],"such":[44],"as":[45],"difference":[47,59,66],"wind":[49,61,88,109,135,160,193,213,228,233,250,260,281,297],"speed":[50,136,161,282],"profile":[52],"around":[53],"bridge":[55,100,117,139,165,181,218,240,267,287],"subgrade,":[57,172,294],"flow-field":[62],"characteristics,":[63],"transport":[69,177],"rate,":[70],"provide":[72],"a":[73,87,98],"scientific":[74],"basis":[75],"selection":[78,316],"areas.":[85,323],"Therefore,":[86],"tunnel":[89],"test":[90],"was":[91,123,166,198,219,288,300],"carried":[92],"out":[93],"by":[94],"making":[95],"models":[96],"highway":[99],"subgrade":[102,197],"comparing":[104],"environmental":[106],"effects":[107],"them.":[112],"disturbance":[114],"activities":[122],"less":[124],"than":[125,148,168,184,201,221,243,270,290,302],"that":[126,169,185,202,222,291,303],"subgrade.":[129,152,188,225,247,274,306],"variation":[131,190],"ranges":[132],"its":[141],"upwind":[142],"downwind":[144,162,215],"directions":[145],"were":[146,241,268],"lower":[147,183],"those":[149,244,271],"However,":[153],"required":[155,208],"distance":[156,209],"recover":[158,211],"greater":[167,220,289],"resulting":[173],"rate":[178],"being":[182],"field":[194,214],"more":[199],"drastic":[200],"bridge,":[205],"but":[206],"In":[226,248,275],"speed-weakening":[229,234,298],"area":[230,252,278],"upwind,":[231],"range":[235,262,284],"intensity":[237,264,299],"smaller":[242,269,301],"speed-increasing":[251,261],"top":[255],"model,":[258],"wind-speed-weakening":[277],"downwind,":[279],"weakening":[283],"investigation":[308],"has":[309],"theoretical":[310],"practical":[312],"significance":[313]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}