{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4280495986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22103707","title":"Heterogeneous Ensemble Deep Learning Model for Enhanced Arabic Sentiment Analysis","display_name":"Heterogeneous Ensemble Deep Learning Model for Enhanced Arabic Sentiment Analysis","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4280495986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22103707","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35632116"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22103707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22103707","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/10/3707/pdf?version=1652779812","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/10/3707/pdf?version=1652779812","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060367797","display_name":"Hager Saleh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189575948","display_name":"South Valley University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jxshx33","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189575948"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hager Saleh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, South Valley University, Hurghada 84511, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7758-0811","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, South Valley University, Hurghada 84511, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189575948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033536879","display_name":"Sherif Mostafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-4005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189575948","display_name":"South Valley University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jxshx33","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189575948"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sherif Mostafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, South Valley University, Hurghada 84511, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-4005","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, South Valley University, Hurghada 84511, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189575948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010706593","display_name":"Abdullah Alharbi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8617-1430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Alharbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052265483","display_name":"Shaker El\u2013Sappagh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9705-1477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130009713","display_name":"Suez University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ndhrx30","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130009713"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207547235","display_name":"Benha University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tn5ee41","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207547235"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400009028","display_name":"Galala University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x3ne739","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4400009028"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaker El-Sappagh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Galala University, Suez 435611, Egypt","Information Systems Department, Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Benha University, Banha 13518, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9705-1477","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Galala University, Suez 435611, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130009713","https://openalex.org/I4400009028"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Department, Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Benha University, Banha 13518, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207547235"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016603327","display_name":"Tamim Alkhalifah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8407-2068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156216236","display_name":"Qassim University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wsfe280","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tamim Alkhalifah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer, College of Science and Arts in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8407-2068","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer, College of Science and Arts in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016603327","https://openalex.org/A5060367797"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156216236","https://openalex.org/I189575948"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":9.2942,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98264736,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"10","first_page":"3707","last_page":"3707"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7972325086593628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7760504484176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentiment-analysis","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","score":0.7726141214370728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6576880812644958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.6556267738342285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6278382539749146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.6009869575500488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5864097476005554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.4754473865032196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.4299830198287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4047112464904785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.40290799736976624}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7972325086593628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7760504484176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66402592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271421","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","level":2,"score":0.7726141214370728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6576880812644958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.6556267738342285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6278382539749146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.6009869575500488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5864097476005554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.4754473865032196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.4299830198287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4047112464904785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.40290799736976624}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000090042","descriptor_name":"Sentiment Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000090042","descriptor_name":"Sentiment Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000090042","descriptor_name":"Sentiment Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22103707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22103707","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/10/3707/pdf?version=1652779812","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35632116","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35632116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3aacc90d797c447c8ded54a849393a0f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3aacc90d797c447c8ded54a849393a0f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 10, p 3707 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/10/3707/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22103707","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 10; Pages: 3707","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9147256","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9147256","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22103707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22103707","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/10/3707/pdf?version=1652779812","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4280495986.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969733464","https://openalex.org/W1977405994","https://openalex.org/W2004076523","https://openalex.org/W2007178835","https://openalex.org/W2043287290","https://openalex.org/W2063130532","https://openalex.org/W2066525392","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2106393550","https://openalex.org/W2117646649","https://openalex.org/W2118020653","https://openalex.org/W2143545157","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2621199241","https://openalex.org/W2626590196","https://openalex.org/W2765664019","https://openalex.org/W2780266336","https://openalex.org/W2789618396","https://openalex.org/W2789954303","https://openalex.org/W2792883466","https://openalex.org/W2796890702","https://openalex.org/W2801241673","https://openalex.org/W2832139998","https://openalex.org/W2883730939","https://openalex.org/W2910941296","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2913771179","https://openalex.org/W2914537577","https://openalex.org/W2924868743","https://openalex.org/W2932164076","https://openalex.org/W2946020736","https://openalex.org/W2954936648","https://openalex.org/W2962801792","https://openalex.org/W2997193501","https://openalex.org/W2997373749","https://openalex.org/W3038010422","https://openalex.org/W3038024393","https://openalex.org/W3044427673","https://openalex.org/W3098544760","https://openalex.org/W3118321697","https://openalex.org/W3134378410","https://openalex.org/W3164375809","https://openalex.org/W3177990660","https://openalex.org/W3197464190","https://openalex.org/W3198531509","https://openalex.org/W3201438617","https://openalex.org/W3207782763","https://openalex.org/W3210370552","https://openalex.org/W3211199416","https://openalex.org/W4206646040","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4221057175","https://openalex.org/W4224283955","https://openalex.org/W4236137412","https://openalex.org/W4244238212","https://openalex.org/W4244407311","https://openalex.org/W4250664506","https://openalex.org/W4386770072","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6751015575","https://openalex.org/W6752918806","https://openalex.org/W6788309267"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3021501837","https://openalex.org/W4389954502","https://openalex.org/W2771255398","https://openalex.org/W2930428186","https://openalex.org/W3200027047","https://openalex.org/W4385770464","https://openalex.org/W4224262160","https://openalex.org/W3120363735","https://openalex.org/W4214820172","https://openalex.org/W2394323384"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sentiment":[0],"analysis":[1,45,94],"was":[2],"nominated":[3],"as":[4],"a":[5,9,31,71,80],"hot":[6],"research":[7],"topic":[8],"decade":[10],"ago":[11],"for":[12,105,159,245],"its":[13,42,51],"increasing":[14],"importance":[15],"in":[16,70,137,153],"analyzing":[17],"the":[18,27,35,56,90,107,167,175,223,226,230,236,242],"people's":[19],"opinions":[20],"extracted":[21],"from":[22],"social":[23,39],"media":[24,40],"platforms.":[25],"Although":[26],"Arabic":[28,110,161,197],"language":[29],"has":[30,240],"significant":[32],"share":[33],"of":[34,58,73,82,92,109,119,166,200,225],"content":[36],"shared":[37],"across":[38],"platforms,":[41],"content's":[43],"sentiment":[44,77,93,111,162],"is":[46,86],"still":[47],"limited":[48],"due":[49],"to":[50,75,88,155,221],"complex":[52],"morphological":[53],"structures":[54],"and":[55,63,148,174,188,204,211,217,228],"varieties":[57],"dialects.":[59],"Traditional":[60],"machine":[61],"learning":[62],"deep":[64],"neural":[65],"algorithms":[66],"have":[67],"been":[68],"used":[69],"variety":[72],"studies":[74],"predict":[76],"analysis.":[78,112,163],"Therefore,":[79],"need":[81],"changing":[83],"current":[84],"mechanisms":[85],"required":[87],"increase":[89],"accuracy":[91],"prediction.":[95],"This":[96],"paper":[97],"proposed":[98,114,168,237],"an":[99],"optimized":[100,207],"heterogeneous":[101],"stacking":[102],"ensemble":[103,238],"model":[104,115,169,239],"enhancing":[106],"performance":[108,158,165,224,244],"The":[113,164,232],"combines":[116],"three":[117,140,195],"different":[118],"pre-trained":[120],"Deep":[121],"Learning":[122,202],"(DL)":[123],"models:":[124],"Recurrent":[125,134],"Neural":[126],"Network":[127],"(RNN),":[128],"Long":[129],"Short-Term":[130],"Memory":[131],"(LSTM),":[132],"Gated":[133],"Unit":[135],"(GRU)":[136],"conjunction":[138],"with":[139,170,249],"meta-learners":[141],"Logistic":[142],"Regression":[143],"(LR),":[144],"Random":[145],"Forest":[146],"(RF),":[147],"Support":[149],"Vector":[150],"Machine":[151,201],"(SVM)":[152],"order":[154],"enhance":[156],"model's":[157],"predicting":[160],"RNN,":[171],"LSTM,":[172],"GRU,":[173],"five":[176],"regular":[177],"ML":[178],"techniques:":[179],"Decision":[180],"Tree":[181],"(DT),":[182],"LR,":[183],"K-Nearest":[184],"Neighbor":[185],"(KNN),":[186],"RF,":[187],"Naive":[189],"Bayes":[190],"(NB)":[191],"are":[192,206],"compared":[193,248],"using":[194,208],"benchmarks":[196],"dataset.":[198],"Parameters":[199],"(ML)":[203],"DL":[205],"Grid":[209],"search":[210],"KerasTuner,":[212],"respectively.":[213],"Accuracy,":[214],"precision,":[215],"recall,":[216],"f1-score":[218],"were":[219],"applied":[220],"evaluate":[222],"models":[227],"validate":[229],"results.":[231],"results":[233],"show":[234],"that":[235],"achieved":[241],"best":[243],"each":[246],"dataset":[247],"other":[250],"models.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
