{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225273181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093416","title":"9-DOF IMU-Based Attitude and Heading Estimation Using an Extended Kalman Filter with Bias Consideration","display_name":"9-DOF IMU-Based Attitude and Heading Estimation Using an Extended Kalman Filter with Bias Consideration","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225273181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093416","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35591111"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22093416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093416","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3416/pdf?version=1651728168","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3416/pdf?version=1651728168","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078919531","display_name":"Sajjad Boorghan Farahan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7907-6216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sajjad Boorghan Farahan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045379032","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 J. M. Machado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1094-0114"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 J. M. Machado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070650484","display_name":"Fernando Gomes de Almeida","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8573-967X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Gomes de Almeida","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056546246","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o Manuel R. S. Tavares","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7603-6526"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u00e3o Manuel R. S. Tavares","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056546246"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":21.6624,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9915095,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"9","first_page":"3416","last_page":"3416"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heading","display_name":"Heading (navigation)","score":0.8941022157669067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.8190799355506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attitude-and-heading-reference-system","display_name":"Attitude and heading reference system","score":0.786291778087616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","score":0.7857753038406372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-kalman-filter","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","score":0.584485650062561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5529607534408569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4265438914299011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.38431739807128906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3240012228488922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27443113923072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.13274821639060974}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776937971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4384217","display_name":"Heading (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.8941022157669067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.8190799355506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204114589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4248887","display_name":"Attitude and heading reference system","level":3,"score":0.786291778087616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.7857753038406372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206833254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421817","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","level":3,"score":0.584485650062561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5529607534408569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4265438914299011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.38431739807128906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3240012228488922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27443113923072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.13274821639060974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015982","descriptor_name":"Bias","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015982","descriptor_name":"Bias","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015982","descriptor_name":"Bias","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015982","descriptor_name":"Bias","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018594","descriptor_name":"Human Body","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018594","descriptor_name":"Human Body","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018594","descriptor_name":"Human Body","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018594","descriptor_name":"Human Body","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22093416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093416","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3416/pdf?version=1651728168","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35591111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35591111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0a8846f3c6204580a58316e3705e1e4a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0a8846f3c6204580a58316e3705e1e4a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 9, p 3416 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/9/3416/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 9; Pages: 3416","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9102979","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9102979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio-aberto.up.pt:10216/140912","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10216/140912","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401934","display_name":"Open Repository of the University of Porto (University of Porto)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","host_organization_name":"Universidade do Porto","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22093416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093416","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3416/pdf?version=1651728168","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225273181.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225273181.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982848437","https://openalex.org/W2032160168","https://openalex.org/W2067416016","https://openalex.org/W2069049193","https://openalex.org/W2091982430","https://openalex.org/W2128507401","https://openalex.org/W2140268640","https://openalex.org/W2155067987","https://openalex.org/W2163468532","https://openalex.org/W2168974696","https://openalex.org/W2422867032","https://openalex.org/W2512455854","https://openalex.org/W2522047242","https://openalex.org/W2565104410","https://openalex.org/W2593784398","https://openalex.org/W2609156176","https://openalex.org/W2616510615","https://openalex.org/W2754677331","https://openalex.org/W2759375001","https://openalex.org/W2767797175","https://openalex.org/W2774271040","https://openalex.org/W2779194219","https://openalex.org/W2781125408","https://openalex.org/W2833205538","https://openalex.org/W2887849779","https://openalex.org/W2889894346","https://openalex.org/W2896186333","https://openalex.org/W2934894285","https://openalex.org/W2972399734","https://openalex.org/W2972649301","https://openalex.org/W2979684877","https://openalex.org/W2995841361","https://openalex.org/W3000004788","https://openalex.org/W3000760939","https://openalex.org/W3005640438","https://openalex.org/W3006907812","https://openalex.org/W3038975720","https://openalex.org/W3043973943","https://openalex.org/W3088412635","https://openalex.org/W3095391201","https://openalex.org/W3101037136","https://openalex.org/W3106789235","https://openalex.org/W3125141208","https://openalex.org/W3127648915","https://openalex.org/W3130840916","https://openalex.org/W3162079911","https://openalex.org/W3166418858","https://openalex.org/W3186285744","https://openalex.org/W3193725183","https://openalex.org/W4205399685","https://openalex.org/W6805482626"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2383240512","https://openalex.org/W4379529125","https://openalex.org/W1982044840","https://openalex.org/W2387901687","https://openalex.org/W2105250171","https://openalex.org/W2391531669","https://openalex.org/W2361801826","https://openalex.org/W2103062922","https://openalex.org/W2379743180","https://openalex.org/W2162299404"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,178],"attitude":[1],"and":[2,18,21,25,108,112,125,128,132,157],"heading":[3],"reference":[4],"system":[5,189],"(AHRS)":[6],"is":[7,66,80,95,190],"an":[8,90,120,146],"important":[9],"concept":[10],"in":[11,30,44,82,134],"the":[12,35,54,87,135,140,143,166,181,185,188],"area":[13],"of":[14,38,89,168,180,187],"navigation,":[15],"image":[16],"stabilization,":[17],"object":[19],"detection":[20],"tracking.":[22],"Many":[23],"studies":[24],"works":[26],"have":[27,119],"been":[28],"conducted":[29],"this":[31,45,83,98],"regard":[32],"to":[33,62,68,85,118,142,164],"estimate":[34,86],"accurate":[36,121,147],"orientation":[37,88,148],"rigid":[39],"bodies.":[40],"In":[41,116,162],"most":[42],"research":[43],"area,":[46],"low-cost":[47],"MEMS":[48],"sensors":[49],"are":[50,130,176],"employed,":[51],"but":[52],"since":[53],"system's":[55],"response":[56,186],"will":[57],"diverge":[58],"over":[59],"time":[60],"due":[61],"integration":[63],"drift,":[64],"it":[65],"necessary":[67],"apply":[69],"proper":[70],"estimation":[71],"algorithms.":[72],"A":[73,92],"two-step":[74],"extended":[75],"Kalman":[76],"Filter":[77],"(EKF)":[78],"algorithm":[79,141],"used":[81,96],"study":[84],"IMU.":[91],"9-DOF":[93],"device":[94],"for":[97],"purpose,":[99],"including":[100],"a":[101,105,109,113],"6-DOF":[102],"IMU":[103,124],"with":[104],"three-axis":[106,110,114],"gyroscope":[107],"accelerometer,":[111],"magnetometer.":[115],"addition,":[117],"algorithm,":[122],"both":[123],"magnetometer":[126],"biases":[127],"disturbances":[129],"modeled":[131],"considered":[133],"real-time":[136],"filter.":[137],"After":[138],"applying":[139],"sensor's":[144],"output,":[145],"as":[149,151],"well":[150],"unbiased":[152],"angular":[153],"velocity,":[154],"linear":[155],"acceleration,":[156],"magnetic":[158],"field":[159],"were":[160],"achieved.":[161],"order":[163],"demonstrate":[165],"reduction":[167],"noise":[169],"power,":[170],"fast":[171],"Fourier":[172],"transform":[173],"(FFT)":[174],"diagrams":[175],"used.":[177],"effect":[179],"initial":[182],"condition":[183],"on":[184],"also":[191],"investigated.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}