{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4224939111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093329","title":"Current Sheet Antenna Array and 5G: Challenges, Recent Trends, Developments, and Future Directions","display_name":"Current Sheet Antenna Array and 5G: Challenges, Recent Trends, Developments, and Future Directions","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4224939111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093329","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35591019"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22093329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093329","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3329/pdf?version=1651035575","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3329/pdf?version=1651035575","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074056924","display_name":"Sajjad Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0310-1651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sajjad Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080192282","display_name":"Shi\u2010Wei Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6683-9034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi-Wei Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066677467","display_name":"Abubakar Sharif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7602-0740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194348271","display_name":"Government College University, Faisalabad","ror":"https://ror.org/051zgra59","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"]}],"countries":["CN","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abu Bakar Sharif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan","School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014737172","display_name":"Hassan Sani Abubakar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4133-6435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassan Sani Abubakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4133-6435","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100438588","display_name":"Xiao\u2010Hua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7246-3958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Hua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100331811","display_name":"Muhammad Ali Imran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-9136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ali Imran","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-9136","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047892843","display_name":"Qammer H. Abbasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7097-9969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qammer H. Abbasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7097-9969","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047892843"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":7.6401,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9641799,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"9","first_page":"3329","last_page":"3329"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.7007697820663452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.58235764503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5532995462417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5358772277832031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5253880620002747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.5078328251838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-plane","display_name":"Ground plane","score":0.44925743341445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.429404616355896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflective-array-antenna","display_name":"Reflective array antenna","score":0.4206409752368927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.38322126865386963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3720637261867523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directional-antenna","display_name":"Directional antenna","score":0.3699130415916443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2992401719093323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slot-antenna","display_name":"Slot antenna","score":0.19688984751701355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.7007697820663452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.58235764503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5532995462417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5358772277832031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5253880620002747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.5078328251838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88764893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1547722","display_name":"Ground plane","level":3,"score":0.44925743341445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.429404616355896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169466946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7307317","display_name":"Reflective array antenna","level":5,"score":0.4206409752368927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.38322126865386963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3720637261867523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64671776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"Directional antenna","level":3,"score":0.3699130415916443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2992401719093323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109026120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2369099","display_name":"Slot antenna","level":4,"score":0.19688984751701355}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22093329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093329","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3329/pdf?version=1651035575","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35591019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35591019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:269618","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ffaf096913124c31bad95628ed114aa0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ffaf096913124c31bad95628ed114aa0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 9, p 3329 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/9/3329/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 9; Pages: 3329","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9102463","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9102463","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22093329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093329","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3329/pdf?version=1651035575","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3362155057","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R511705/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224939111.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224939111.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":88,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1725968962","https://openalex.org/W1824091404","https://openalex.org/W1966795995","https://openalex.org/W1984034349","https://openalex.org/W2000495737","https://openalex.org/W2004730345","https://openalex.org/W2013263625","https://openalex.org/W2014994147","https://openalex.org/W2018108299","https://openalex.org/W2040921991","https://openalex.org/W2041123939","https://openalex.org/W2065309095","https://openalex.org/W2065739197","https://openalex.org/W2070246277","https://openalex.org/W2076530901","https://openalex.org/W2095843437","https://openalex.org/W2098890486","https://openalex.org/W2100944934","https://openalex.org/W2103972037","https://openalex.org/W2108672684","https://openalex.org/W2112635680","https://openalex.org/W2128145324","https://openalex.org/W2128513990","https://openalex.org/W2138020668","https://openalex.org/W2147584524","https://openalex.org/W2165905485","https://openalex.org/W2172267836","https://openalex.org/W2258127536","https://openalex.org/W2275649241","https://openalex.org/W2497524765","https://openalex.org/W2508712411","https://openalex.org/W2568222406","https://openalex.org/W2588839014","https://openalex.org/W2624494617","https://openalex.org/W2728910104","https://openalex.org/W2768485494","https://openalex.org/W2770116040","https://openalex.org/W2773168916","https://openalex.org/W2774763365","https://openalex.org/W2781054684","https://openalex.org/W2791010674","https://openalex.org/W2794167529","https://openalex.org/W2794272592","https://openalex.org/W2801557767","https://openalex.org/W2802276021","https://openalex.org/W2887413171","https://openalex.org/W2892758514","https://openalex.org/W2900507144","https://openalex.org/W2909725250","https://openalex.org/W2910160328","https://openalex.org/W2910381332","https://openalex.org/W2910854687","https://openalex.org/W2913315331","https://openalex.org/W2923441705","https://openalex.org/W2940163802","https://openalex.org/W2946129549","https://openalex.org/W2950939686","https://openalex.org/W2957930282","https://openalex.org/W2982449930","https://openalex.org/W2992587362","https://openalex.org/W2997016086","https://openalex.org/W3000707900","https://openalex.org/W3003985806","https://openalex.org/W3005444182","https://openalex.org/W3010058292","https://openalex.org/W3014812366","https://openalex.org/W3015336282","https://openalex.org/W3027577181","https://openalex.org/W3033001708","https://openalex.org/W3033676869","https://openalex.org/W3036113801","https://openalex.org/W3053778408","https://openalex.org/W3091755846","https://openalex.org/W3111006697","https://openalex.org/W3114651546","https://openalex.org/W3123611635","https://openalex.org/W3138162357","https://openalex.org/W3145210514","https://openalex.org/W3157206284","https://openalex.org/W3167793287","https://openalex.org/W3204845448","https://openalex.org/W3206320666","https://openalex.org/W3211119845","https://openalex.org/W3211696433","https://openalex.org/W4206733087","https://openalex.org/W4214749394","https://openalex.org/W4214918020","https://openalex.org/W6628915240"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1835483618","https://openalex.org/W2054771452","https://openalex.org/W2347893079","https://openalex.org/W1827997332","https://openalex.org/W1525040355","https://openalex.org/W2068476306","https://openalex.org/W2089202497","https://openalex.org/W2105888646","https://openalex.org/W4206474493","https://openalex.org/W4312971258"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Designing":[0],"an":[1],"ultra-wideband":[2],"array":[3,65,74,109,143,159,177],"antenna":[4,13,41,66,160],"for":[5,11,30,174],"fifth":[6],"generation":[7],"(5G)":[8],"is":[9],"challenging":[10],"the":[12,18,47,97,105,126,141,146,154,157,167],"designing":[14],"community":[15],"because":[16],"of":[17,63,78,107,114,125,132,140,156],"highly":[19],"fragmented":[20],"electromagnetic":[21],"spectrum.":[22],"To":[23],"overcome":[24],"bandwidth":[25],"limitations,":[26],"several":[27],"millimeter-wave":[28],"bands":[29],"5G":[31,69,162],"and":[32,57,102,136,148,171],"beyond":[33],"applications":[34],"are":[35],"considered;":[36],"as":[37],"a":[38,60,84,93,122],"result,":[39],"many":[40],"arrays":[42],"have":[43],"been":[44],"proposed":[45,142],"during":[46],"past":[48],"decades.":[49],"This":[50],"paper":[51],"aims":[52],"to":[53,104],"explore":[54],"recent":[55],"developments":[56],"techniques":[58],"regarding":[59],"specific":[61],"type":[62],"phased":[64,158,176],"used":[67],"in":[68,92,129,161],"applications,":[70],"called":[71],"current":[72,168],"sheet":[73],"(CSA).":[75],"CSA":[76,99],"consists":[77],"capacitively":[79],"coupled":[80],"elements":[81],"placed":[82],"over":[83],"ground":[85],"plane,":[86],"with":[87,111,145],"mutual":[88],"coupling":[89],"intentionally":[90],"introduced":[91],"controlled":[94],"manner":[95],"between":[96],"elements.":[98],"concept":[100],"evolved":[101],"led":[103],"realization":[106],"new":[108],"antennas":[110,144],"multiple":[112],"octaves":[113],"bandwidth.":[115],"In":[116],"this":[117,130],"review":[118],"article,":[119],"we":[120,152,165],"provide":[121],"comprehensive":[123],"overview":[124],"existing":[127],"works":[128],"line":[131],"research.":[133],"We":[134],"analyze":[135],"discuss":[137,153],"various":[138],"aspects":[139],"wideband":[147],"wide-scan":[149],"operation.":[150],"Additionally,":[151],"significance":[155],"communication.":[163],"Moreover,":[164],"describe":[166],"research":[169],"challenges":[170],"future":[172],"directions":[173],"CSA-based":[175],"antennas.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}