{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4224213587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093143","title":"Segmentation Performance Comparison Considering Regional Characteristics in Chest X-ray Using Deep Learning","display_name":"Segmentation Performance Comparison Considering Regional Characteristics in Chest X-ray Using Deep Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4224213587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093143","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35590833"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22093143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093143","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3143/pdf?version=1650506064","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3143/pdf?version=1650506064","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026766302","display_name":"Hyo Min Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9777-3709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyo Min Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9777-3709","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100650652","display_name":"Young Jae Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0443-0051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young Jae Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073765158","display_name":"Kwang Gi Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9714-6038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kwang Gi Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (GAIHST), Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9714-6038","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (GAIHST), Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073765158"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.0301,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74379429,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"9","first_page":"3143","last_page":"3143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9749000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.8421902656555176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.8359825015068054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rib-cage","display_name":"Rib cage","score":0.7122102975845337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7019752860069275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6259105205535889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clavicle","display_name":"Clavicle","score":0.576714038848877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5137726068496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiography","display_name":"Radiography","score":0.4686034917831421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.41039302945137024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.28059250116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.2054382860660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.11670610308647156}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.8421902656555176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.8359825015068054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160306043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2576226","display_name":"Rib cage","level":2,"score":0.7122102975845337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7019752860069275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6259105205535889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780193326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16343","display_name":"Clavicle","level":2,"score":0.576714038848877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5137726068496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36454342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341","display_name":"Radiography","level":2,"score":0.4686034917831421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.41039302945137024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.28059250116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.2054382860660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.11670610308647156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011859","descriptor_name":"Radiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011859","descriptor_name":"Radiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011859","descriptor_name":"Radiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012272","descriptor_name":"Ribs","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012272","descriptor_name":"Ribs","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012272","descriptor_name":"Ribs","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014965","descriptor_name":"X-Rays","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014965","descriptor_name":"X-Rays","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014965","descriptor_name":"X-Rays","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22093143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093143","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3143/pdf?version=1650506064","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35590833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35590833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1ce61fc99a9a4253af798346c46c1a24","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1ce61fc99a9a4253af798346c46c1a24","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 9, p 3143 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/9/3143/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 9; Pages: 3143","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9104434","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9104434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22093143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093143","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/9/3143/pdf?version=1650506064","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224213587.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W177054319","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1966385855","https://openalex.org/W1977375151","https://openalex.org/W2025737810","https://openalex.org/W2055225427","https://openalex.org/W2096734290","https://openalex.org/W2101686803","https://openalex.org/W2115699390","https://openalex.org/W2141619730","https://openalex.org/W2145073836","https://openalex.org/W2155118484","https://openalex.org/W2514173981","https://openalex.org/W2517954747","https://openalex.org/W2592929672","https://openalex.org/W2782962239","https://openalex.org/W2916452242","https://openalex.org/W2954996726","https://openalex.org/W2963031596","https://openalex.org/W2964227007","https://openalex.org/W3004909224","https://openalex.org/W3006135495","https://openalex.org/W3034130072","https://openalex.org/W3043595849","https://openalex.org/W3088090024","https://openalex.org/W3108411134","https://openalex.org/W3108657131","https://openalex.org/W3152685026","https://openalex.org/W3153881565","https://openalex.org/W3165215947","https://openalex.org/W3176923149","https://openalex.org/W3183653395","https://openalex.org/W3196218804","https://openalex.org/W3197767853","https://openalex.org/W3214596602","https://openalex.org/W4200270173","https://openalex.org/W4226135249","https://openalex.org/W6765974783","https://openalex.org/W6791228234","https://openalex.org/W6792535163"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312210495","https://openalex.org/W1985827995","https://openalex.org/W2606214332","https://openalex.org/W1534595409","https://openalex.org/W2321604852","https://openalex.org/W4234471713","https://openalex.org/W1978397462","https://openalex.org/W2092094715","https://openalex.org/W2288208282","https://openalex.org/W4315434538"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chest":[0],"radiography":[1],"is":[2,15,47,75,88],"one":[3],"of":[4,62,79,123,176,202,225,231],"the":[5,42,60,92,104,112,121,155,165,177,185,194,199,203,208,226,229],"most":[6],"widely":[7],"used":[8],"diagnostic":[9],"methods":[10,35,82],"in":[11,83,106,193,211],"hospitals,":[12],"but":[13],"it":[14,46,87],"difficult":[16],"to":[17,39,49,72,90,115,127],"read":[18],"clearly":[19],"because":[20,56],"several":[21],"human":[22],"organ":[23],"tissues":[24],"and":[25,32,126,148,161,169,228],"bones":[26],"overlap.":[27],"Therefore,":[28,86],"various":[29],"image":[30,157],"processing":[31],"rib":[33,113,156],"segmentation":[34,81,153,195,224],"have":[36],"been":[37],"proposed":[38],"focus":[40],"on":[41,98,111,164,198],"desired":[43],"target.":[44],"However,":[45],"challenging":[48],"segment":[50],"ribs":[51,227],"elaborately":[52],"using":[53],"deep":[54,73,93,107,118,186,233],"learning":[55,74,94,108,119,147,187,234],"they":[57],"cannot":[58,214],"reflect":[59],"characteristics":[61,70,122,201],"each":[63,124,212],"region.":[64],"Identifying":[65],"which":[66,172],"region":[67,114,213],"has":[68,134],"specific":[69],"vulnerable":[71],"an":[76],"essential":[77],"indicator":[78],"developing":[80],"medical":[84],"imaging.":[85],"necessary":[89],"compare":[91,152],"performance":[95,109,132,196,209],"differences":[96,105,210],"based":[97,110,163],"regional":[99,131,200],"characteristics.":[100],"This":[101,217],"study":[102,218],"compares":[103],"verify":[116],"whether":[117],"reflects":[120],"part":[125],"demonstrate":[128],"why":[129],"this":[130],"difference":[133,192],"occurred.":[135],"We":[136,205],"utilized":[137],"195":[138],"normal":[139],"chest":[140,179],"X-ray":[141],"datasets":[142],"with":[143],"data":[144],"augmentation":[145],"for":[146],"5-fold":[149],"cross-validation.":[150],"To":[151],"performance,":[154],"was":[158],"divided":[159],"vertically":[160],"horizontally":[162],"spine,":[166],"clavicle,":[167],"heart,":[168],"lower":[170],"organs,":[171],"are":[173],"characteristic":[174],"indicators":[175],"baseline":[178],"X-ray.":[180],"Resultingly,":[181],"we":[182],"found":[183],"that":[184,207],"model":[188],"showed":[189],"a":[190,221],"6-7%":[191],"depending":[197],"rib.":[204],"verified":[206],"be":[215],"ignored.":[216],"will":[219],"enable":[220],"more":[222],"precise":[223],"development":[230],"practical":[232],"algorithms.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
