{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4224254890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22082881","title":"Visualization of Customized Convolutional Neural Network for Natural Language Recognition","display_name":"Visualization of Customized Convolutional Neural Network for Natural Language Recognition","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4224254890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22082881","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35458866"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22082881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22082881","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/8/2881/pdf?version=1659531690","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/8/2881/pdf?version=1659531690","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104089955","display_name":"Tajinder Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8595-4193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74319210","display_name":"Chitkara University","ror":"https://ror.org/057d6z539","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tajinder Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chitkara College of Applied Engineering, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chitkara College of Applied Engineering, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078742860","display_name":"Sheifali Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5692-418X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74319210","display_name":"Chitkara University","ror":"https://ror.org/057d6z539","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheifali Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027799731","display_name":"Meenu Garg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4867-6360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74319210","display_name":"Chitkara University","ror":"https://ror.org/057d6z539","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meenu Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055907404","display_name":"Deepali Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3207-5248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74319210","display_name":"Chitkara University","ror":"https://ror.org/057d6z539","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deepali Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3207-5248","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010706593","display_name":"Abdullah Alharbi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8617-1430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Alharbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074405334","display_name":"Hashem Alyami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0367-8346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hashem Alyami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032200555","display_name":"Divya Anand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4915-8426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110360157","display_name":"Lovely Professional University","ror":"https://ror.org/00et6q107","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110360157"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128504","display_name":"Universidad Europea del Atl\u00e1ntico","ror":"https://ror.org/048tesw25","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128504"]}],"countries":["ES","IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Divya Anand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144401, Punjab, India","Higher Polytechnic School, Universidad Europea del Atl\u00e1ntico, C/Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4915-8426","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144401, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110360157"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher Polytechnic School, Universidad Europea del Atl\u00e1ntico, C/Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101606577","display_name":"A. Ortega","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-2416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205571821","display_name":"Ibero American University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vss7635","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205571821"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097234","display_name":"Universidad Internacional","ror":"https://ror.org/00cxp1a86","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097234"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128504","display_name":"Universidad Europea del Atl\u00e1ntico","ror":"https://ror.org/048tesw25","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128504"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87806610","display_name":"Ibero-American University Puebla","ror":"https://ror.org/00pcv0g02","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87806610"]}],"countries":["ES","MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arturo Ortega-Mansilla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico","Higher Polytechnic School, Universidad Europea del Atl\u00e1ntico, C/Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-2416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097234","https://openalex.org/I87806610","https://openalex.org/I205571821"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher Polytechnic School, Universidad Europea del Atl\u00e1ntico, C/Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079524430","display_name":"Nitin Goyal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7878-363X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74319210","display_name":"Chitkara University","ror":"https://ror.org/057d6z539","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nitin Goyal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7878-363X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079524430"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.5222,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8344157,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"8","first_page":"2881","last_page":"2881"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8226739168167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7236044406890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6446949243545532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cursive","display_name":"Cursive","score":0.6433109045028687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.6330419182777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5723556280136108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5654491782188416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5381779074668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5323052406311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4354907274246216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.4353838264942169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.4315303862094879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.42418113350868225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-word-recognition","display_name":"Intelligent word recognition","score":0.41431763768196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","score":0.4102261960506439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-character-recognition","display_name":"Intelligent character recognition","score":0.37471944093704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.3271493911743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-recognition","display_name":"Character recognition","score":0.1655331552028656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.08797746896743774}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8226739168167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7236044406890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6446949243545532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778943297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1079418","display_name":"Cursive","level":2,"score":0.6433109045028687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.6330419182777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5723556280136108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5654491782188416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5381779074668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5323052406311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4354907274246216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.4353838264942169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.4315303862094879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.42418113350868225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17649283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6044162","display_name":"Intelligent word recognition","level":5,"score":0.41431763768196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112640561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2440634","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","level":3,"score":0.4102261960506439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44868376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3099089","display_name":"Intelligent character recognition","level":4,"score":0.37471944093704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3271493911743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.1655331552028656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.08797746896743774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006236","descriptor_name":"Handwriting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006236","descriptor_name":"Handwriting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006236","descriptor_name":"Handwriting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22082881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22082881","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/8/2881/pdf?version=1659531690","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35458866","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35458866","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7a4df5d8ca4142fc92f15579926057a4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7a4df5d8ca4142fc92f15579926057a4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 8, p 2881 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/8/2881/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22082881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 8; Pages: 2881","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9026827","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9026827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22082881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22082881","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/8/2881/pdf?version=1659531690","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1215795443","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TURSP-2020/231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323722","funder_display_name":"Taif University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G304199421","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project number (TURSP-2020/231), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323722","funder_display_name":"Taif University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7299194679","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TURSP-2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323722","funder_display_name":"Taif University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323722","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224254890.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224254890.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W145261646","https://openalex.org/W1971327726","https://openalex.org/W1973841111","https://openalex.org/W2055075080","https://openalex.org/W2059914354","https://openalex.org/W2061993276","https://openalex.org/W2069480789","https://openalex.org/W2104657103","https://openalex.org/W2126603662","https://openalex.org/W2134427976","https://openalex.org/W2155793192","https://openalex.org/W2167453483","https://openalex.org/W2506392221","https://openalex.org/W2586846869","https://openalex.org/W2611408571","https://openalex.org/W2776567990","https://openalex.org/W2783012848","https://openalex.org/W2791061386","https://openalex.org/W2884298130","https://openalex.org/W2885935177","https://openalex.org/W2891730703","https://openalex.org/W2896919747","https://openalex.org/W2898870119","https://openalex.org/W2950534334","https://openalex.org/W2964098158","https://openalex.org/W2982665925","https://openalex.org/W2985411398","https://openalex.org/W2991154945","https://openalex.org/W3036643472","https://openalex.org/W3108498352","https://openalex.org/W3201765774","https://openalex.org/W6605932530","https://openalex.org/W6753433012","https://openalex.org/W6753514331","https://openalex.org/W6769470733","https://openalex.org/W6769541419","https://openalex.org/W6771013590"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3047607512","https://openalex.org/W3003949997","https://openalex.org/W2557740161","https://openalex.org/W4390983538","https://openalex.org/W4309724674","https://openalex.org/W2891374022","https://openalex.org/W4244310223","https://openalex.org/W2110485610","https://openalex.org/W73983577","https://openalex.org/W1949598569"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0,23],"analytical":[1],"approach-based":[2],"word":[3,11,36,60],"recognition":[4,74],"techniques,":[5],"the":[6,10,34,65,76,138],"task":[7],"of":[8,75,98,105,117,131],"segmenting":[9],"into":[12],"individual":[13],"characters":[14],"is":[15,37,45,82],"a":[16,25,30,46,51,68,96,103],"big":[17],"challenge,":[18],"specifically":[19],"for":[20,49,57,73,137],"cursive":[21],"handwriting.":[22],"this,":[24],"holistic":[26,52],"approach":[27,53],"can":[28,54],"be":[29,55],"better":[31],"option,":[32],"wherein":[33],"entire":[35],"passed":[38],"to":[39],"an":[40],"appropriate":[41],"recognizer.":[42],"Gurumukhi":[43,77],"script":[44,48],"complex":[47],"which":[50],"proposed":[56,124,139],"offline":[58],"handwritten":[59],"recognition.":[61],"In":[62],"this":[63],"paper,":[64],"authors":[66,93],"propose":[67],"Convolutional":[69],"Neural":[70],"Network-based":[71],"architecture":[72,81],"month":[78],"names.":[79],"The":[80,92,109,123],"designed":[83],"with":[84,102],"five":[85],"convolutional":[86],"layers":[87],"and":[88,121,128,134],"three":[89],"pooling":[90],"layers.":[91],"also":[94],"prepared":[95],"dataset":[97,110],"24,000":[99],"images,":[100],"each":[101],"size":[104],"50":[106],"\u00d7":[107],"50.":[108],"was":[111],"collected":[112],"from":[113],"500":[114],"distinct":[115],"writers":[116],"different":[118],"age":[119],"groups":[120],"professions.":[122],"method":[125],"achieved":[126],"training":[127],"validation":[129],"accuracies":[130],"about":[132],"97.03%":[133],"99.50%,":[135],"respectively":[136],"dataset.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
