{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220971651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072548","title":"Signal Detection for GSTFIM Systems with Carrier Frequency Offset","display_name":"Signal Detection for GSTFIM Systems with Carrier Frequency Offset","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220971651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072548","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35408162"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22072548","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072548","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2548/pdf?version=1649210047","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2548/pdf?version=1649210047","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049505223","display_name":"Tingyong Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2228-7992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tingyong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2228-7992","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101852913","display_name":"Shiwen Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7052-610X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiwen Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067617523","display_name":"Chengliang Di","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengliang Di","raw_affiliation_strings":["The 54th Research Institute of CETC, Shijiazhuang 050081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The 54th Research Institute of CETC, Shijiazhuang 050081, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059859661","display_name":"Jinwei Ji","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinwei Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["The 54th Research Institute of CETC, Shijiazhuang 050081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The 54th Research Institute of CETC, Shijiazhuang 050081, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049505223"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01672735,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"7","first_page":"2548","last_page":"2548"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carrier-frequency-offset","display_name":"Carrier frequency offset","score":0.8818129897117615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.6980213522911072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.6607562303543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6483076214790344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.6356523036956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.5822011232376099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.49518218636512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detection-theory","display_name":"Detection theory","score":0.48081696033477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.44887709617614746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-mean-square-error","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","score":0.4409412741661072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4243104159832001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.37603604793548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22645071148872375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19333991408348083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18304219841957092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08509841561317444}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776108382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25111451","display_name":"Carrier frequency offset","level":5,"score":0.8818129897117615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.6980213522911072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.6607562303543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6483076214790344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6356523036956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.5822011232376099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.49518218636512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137270730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120811","display_name":"Detection theory","level":3,"score":0.48081696033477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.44887709617614746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90652560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11091747","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","level":3,"score":0.4409412741661072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4243104159832001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.37603604793548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22645071148872375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19333991408348083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18304219841957092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08509841561317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22072548","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072548","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2548/pdf?version=1649210047","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35408162","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35408162","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:99a94dbf143c4aa99c652294eecd960e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/99a94dbf143c4aa99c652294eecd960e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 7, p 2548 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/7/2548/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 7; Pages: 2548","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9002998","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9002998","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22072548","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072548","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2548/pdf?version=1649210047","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220971651.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220971651.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W790038136","https://openalex.org/W1971549192","https://openalex.org/W2007672467","https://openalex.org/W2023608649","https://openalex.org/W2029262884","https://openalex.org/W2049784596","https://openalex.org/W2054505019","https://openalex.org/W2067605736","https://openalex.org/W2085973258","https://openalex.org/W2101617851","https://openalex.org/W2142978827","https://openalex.org/W2163018103","https://openalex.org/W2169156681","https://openalex.org/W2467524786","https://openalex.org/W2509115694","https://openalex.org/W2540924152","https://openalex.org/W2744485539","https://openalex.org/W2754036905","https://openalex.org/W2769497010","https://openalex.org/W2884967836","https://openalex.org/W2896578117","https://openalex.org/W2898277434","https://openalex.org/W2902615182","https://openalex.org/W2960183732","https://openalex.org/W2965824823","https://openalex.org/W2970970805","https://openalex.org/W2998249410","https://openalex.org/W3016056009","https://openalex.org/W3103471669","https://openalex.org/W3103746559","https://openalex.org/W4214691461","https://openalex.org/W4256217385"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2811018130","https://openalex.org/W2353174516","https://openalex.org/W2084596746","https://openalex.org/W2355510615","https://openalex.org/W2354478459","https://openalex.org/W2910430232","https://openalex.org/W2394449677","https://openalex.org/W2090297321","https://openalex.org/W2101944576","https://openalex.org/W1988494220"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Generalized":[0],"space-time-frequency":[1],"index":[2],"modulation":[3],"(GSTFIM)":[4],"inherits":[5],"the":[6,9,50,75,83],"drawbacks":[7],"of":[8,37,52,77,89,99],"conventional":[10],"orthogonal":[11],"frequency-division":[12],"multiplex":[13],"(OFDM),":[14],"such":[15],"as":[16],"being":[17],"sensitive":[18],"to":[19,48,107],"carrier":[20],"frequency":[21],"offset":[22],"(CFO).":[23],"For":[24],"a":[25,34,38,56,80],"robust":[26],"design":[27],"against":[28],"this":[29,32],"problem,":[30],"in":[31,74],"contribution,":[33],"novel":[35],"construction":[36],"message":[39],"passing":[40],"(MP)-aided":[41],"detector":[42,86],"is":[43,87],"developed":[44,84],"for":[45],"GSTFIM":[46,92],"systems":[47],"combat":[49],"influence":[51],"CFO,":[53,78],"while":[54],"offering":[55,100],"flexible":[57],"tradeoff":[58],"between":[59],"transmission":[60],"performance":[61,102],"and":[62,68,98],"computational":[63],"complexity.":[64],"Through":[65],"complexity":[66,105],"analysis":[67],"simulation":[69],"results,":[70],"we":[71],"demonstrate":[72],"that,":[73],"context":[76],"with":[79,93],"careful":[81],"design,":[82],"MP":[85],"capable":[88],"approaching":[90],"traditional":[91],"maximum":[94],"likelihood":[95],"(ML)":[96],"detection,":[97],"better":[101],"at":[103],"lower":[104],"compared":[106],"its":[108],"minimum":[109],"mean-square-error":[110],"(MMSE)-aided":[111],"counterpart.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
