{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220996529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062230","title":"Attention Module Magnetic Flux Leakage Linked Deep Residual Network for Pipeline In-Line Inspection","display_name":"Attention Module Magnetic Flux Leakage Linked Deep Residual Network for Pipeline In-Line Inspection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220996529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062230","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35336400"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22062230","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062230","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/6/2230/pdf?version=1647248180","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/6/2230/pdf?version=1647248180","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054518224","display_name":"Shucong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5394-3406"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78675632","display_name":"Beijing Information Science & Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xnqep60","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78675632"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shucong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Electronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China","School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Electronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78675632"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100357118","display_name":"Hongjun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0496-1573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78675632","display_name":"Beijing Information Science & Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xnqep60","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78675632"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongjun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78675632"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047899849","display_name":"Rui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5084-0276"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["PipeChina Northern Company, Langfang 065000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5084-0276","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PipeChina Northern Company, Langfang 065000, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100357118"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78675632"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.1885,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86551016,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"6","first_page":"2230","last_page":"2230"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-flux-leakage","display_name":"Magnetic flux leakage","score":0.8852914571762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.6950346827507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline-transport","display_name":"Pipeline transport","score":0.6648733615875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.6313514709472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6097851395606995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5384521484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.537757158279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.49494117498397827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.4688205420970917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4603983461856842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4396508038043976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38794323801994324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.34590578079223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.09734976291656494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.0636318027973175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.06276583671569824}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20892748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4390394","display_name":"Magnetic flux leakage","level":3,"score":0.8852914571762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.6950346827507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175309249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725864","display_name":"Pipeline transport","level":2,"score":0.6648733615875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.6313514709472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6097851395606995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5384521484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.537757158279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49494117498397827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4688205420970917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4603983461856842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4396508038043976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38794323801994324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.34590578079223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.09734976291656494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0636318027973175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.06276583671569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001288","descriptor_name":"Attention","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001288","descriptor_name":"Attention","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001288","descriptor_name":"Attention","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060328","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060328","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060328","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22062230","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062230","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/6/2230/pdf?version=1647248180","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35336400","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35336400","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:672f50beb9a74bcabd3354ed2086b056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/672f50beb9a74bcabd3354ed2086b056","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 6, p 2230 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/6/2230/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22062230","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 6; Pages: 2230","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8949419","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8949419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22062230","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062230","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/6/2230/pdf?version=1647248180","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2326592786","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51975058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326666","display_name":"Beijing Information Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xnqep60"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220996529.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220996529.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974735879","https://openalex.org/W2047876835","https://openalex.org/W2189709317","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2275114276","https://openalex.org/W2291961022","https://openalex.org/W2346062110","https://openalex.org/W2427415492","https://openalex.org/W2556507341","https://openalex.org/W2564343929","https://openalex.org/W2564782580","https://openalex.org/W2572913567","https://openalex.org/W2595750449","https://openalex.org/W2601315120","https://openalex.org/W2626712922","https://openalex.org/W2792618444","https://openalex.org/W2803086989","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2953528808","https://openalex.org/W2955585425","https://openalex.org/W2964350391","https://openalex.org/W2965364349","https://openalex.org/W2971031677","https://openalex.org/W2978985273","https://openalex.org/W3005068793","https://openalex.org/W3006159368","https://openalex.org/W3007378949","https://openalex.org/W3010717703","https://openalex.org/W3011583930","https://openalex.org/W3011962637","https://openalex.org/W3014739338","https://openalex.org/W3030061350","https://openalex.org/W3081074546","https://openalex.org/W3118655880","https://openalex.org/W3128596515","https://openalex.org/W3133814784","https://openalex.org/W3139263954","https://openalex.org/W3146097035","https://openalex.org/W3161853558","https://openalex.org/W3166382720","https://openalex.org/W4213084345"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4380433113","https://openalex.org/W4386072068","https://openalex.org/W252339960","https://openalex.org/W2104071141","https://openalex.org/W2350501127","https://openalex.org/W2390529043","https://openalex.org/W2378320433","https://openalex.org/W2358343511","https://openalex.org/W2051877971","https://openalex.org/W1970117064"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pipeline":[0],"operational":[1],"safety":[2],"is":[3,15,85,99],"the":[4,7,21,53,94,104,107,113,127,135,139,153,159,168,173,194],"foundation":[5],"of":[6,13,19,24,28,55,115,129,141,170,182,193],"pipeline":[8,43,68,116,146,195],"industry.":[9],"Inspection":[10],"and":[11,38,60,82,111,118,131,165,191],"evaluation":[12],"defects":[14],"an":[16,178],"important":[17],"means":[18],"ensuring":[20],"safe":[22],"operation":[23],"pipelines.":[25],"In-line":[26],"inspection":[27,70,148,162],"Magnetic":[29],"Flux":[30],"Leakage":[31],"(MFL)":[32],"can":[33,156,186],"be":[34],"used":[35],"to":[36,101,125],"identify":[37],"analyze":[39],"potential":[40],"defects.":[41,119],"For":[42],"MFL":[44,69,108,160,196],"identification":[45,57,72,114,136,175,189],"with":[46,177],"inspecting":[47],"in":[48,138],"long":[49],"distance,":[50],"there":[51],"exists":[52],"issues":[54],"low":[56],"efficiency,":[58],"misjudgment":[59],"leakage":[61],"judgment.":[62],"To":[63],"solve":[64],"these":[65],"problems,":[66],"a":[67],"signal":[71],"method":[73,155,185],"based":[74,92],"on":[75,93,134,172],"improved":[76,88],"deep":[77,89],"residual":[78,90],"convolutional":[79],"neural":[80,97],"network":[81,91,98],"attention":[83,121],"module":[84],"proposed.":[86],"A":[87],"VGG16":[95],"convolution":[96],"constructed":[100],"automatically":[102],"learn":[103],"features":[105,117,133],"from":[106],"image":[109,163],"signals":[110,164],"perform":[112],"The":[120,144],"modules":[122],"are":[123],"introduced":[124],"reduce":[126,167],"influence":[128,169],"noises":[130,171],"compound":[132],"results":[137,150,176],"process":[140],"in-line":[142,147,161,197],"inspection.":[143,198],"actual":[145],"experimental":[149],"show":[151],"that":[152],"proposed":[154],"accurately":[157],"classify":[158],"effectively":[166,187],"feature":[174],"average":[179],"classification":[180],"accuracy":[181,190],"97.7%.":[183],"This":[184],"improve":[188],"efficiency":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
