{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4221003558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062088","title":"State of the Art Techniques for Water Quality Monitoring Systems for Fish Ponds Using IoT and Underwater Sensors: A Review","display_name":"State of the Art Techniques for Water Quality Monitoring Systems for Fish Ponds Using IoT and Underwater Sensors: A Review","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4221003558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062088","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35336256"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22062088","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062088","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/6/2088/pdf?version=1646737626","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/6/2088/pdf?version=1646737626","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072321214","display_name":"M. Manoj","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330855593","display_name":"Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bc5bx80","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330855593"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Manoj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600062, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-8805","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600062, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330855593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005102997","display_name":"V. Dhilip Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2274-8127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330855593","display_name":"Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bc5bx80","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330855593"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"V. Dhilip Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600062, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600062, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330855593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085066738","display_name":"Muhammad Usman Arif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7810-8535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142204992","display_name":"University of Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/051jrjw38","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Arif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656","https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086070598","display_name":"Elena-Raluca Bulai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12012874","display_name":"\u015etefan cel Mare University of Suceava","ror":"https://ror.org/035pkj773","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12012874"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elena-Raluca Bulai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University, 720229 Suceava, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University, 720229 Suceava, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12012874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022722815","display_name":"Petru Bulai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12012874","display_name":"\u015etefan cel Mare University of Suceava","ror":"https://ror.org/035pkj773","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12012874"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petru Bulai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Automotive, and Robotics, Stefan cel Mare University, 720229 Suceava, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Automotive, and Robotics, Stefan cel Mare University, 720229 Suceava, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12012874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003398556","display_name":"Oana Geman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8347-8733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12012874","display_name":"\u015etefan cel Mare University of Suceava","ror":"https://ror.org/035pkj773","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12012874"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oana Geman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8347-8733","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12012874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003398556","https://openalex.org/A5005102997"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12012874","https://openalex.org/I1330855593"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":5.8153,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":87,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9743867,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"6","first_page":"2088","last_page":"2088"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14249","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.929099977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.6998693943023682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.6249077916145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5812587738037109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality","display_name":"Water quality","score":0.5253093838691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5188999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5170515179634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5170488953590393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.48796170949935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.47492653131484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizen-science","display_name":"Citizen science","score":0.45260822772979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.44051721692085266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4142938256263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3840867877006531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.3669086694717407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.3294774889945984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.32470405101776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3207552433013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2793874442577362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.17149585485458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.12473776936531067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.09320378303527832}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.6998693943023682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.6249077916145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5812587738037109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.5253093838691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5188999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5170515179634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5170488953590393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.48796170949935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.47492653131484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197352329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093434","display_name":"Citizen science","level":2,"score":0.45260822772979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.44051721692085266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4142938256263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3840867877006531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3669086694717407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3294774889945984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.32470405101776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3207552433013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2793874442577362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.17149585485458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12473776936531067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09320378303527832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000080487","descriptor_name":"Internet of Things","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080487","descriptor_name":"Internet of Things","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080487","descriptor_name":"Internet of Things","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005399","descriptor_name":"Fishes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005399","descriptor_name":"Fishes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005399","descriptor_name":"Fishes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060753","descriptor_name":"Water Quality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060753","descriptor_name":"Water Quality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060753","descriptor_name":"Water Quality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061005","descriptor_name":"Ponds","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D061005","descriptor_name":"Ponds","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D061005","descriptor_name":"Ponds","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22062088","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062088","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/6/2088/pdf?version=1646737626","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35336256","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35336256","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:13d930fa73974cd780d6934b4d05f20c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/13d930fa73974cd780d6934b4d05f20c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 6, p 2088 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/6/2088/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22062088","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 6; Pages: 2088","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8949950","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8949950","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22062088","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062088","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/6/2088/pdf?version=1646737626","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221003558.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221003558.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W175264795","https://openalex.org/W244186264","https://openalex.org/W1497810769","https://openalex.org/W1527258768","https://openalex.org/W1562631368","https://openalex.org/W1847730492","https://openalex.org/W1856219842","https://openalex.org/W1967276845","https://openalex.org/W1969275826","https://openalex.org/W1989462526","https://openalex.org/W2005860575","https://openalex.org/W2011890948","https://openalex.org/W2015391282","https://openalex.org/W2018080991","https://openalex.org/W2049547714","https://openalex.org/W2062892225","https://openalex.org/W2072079115","https://openalex.org/W2072308199","https://openalex.org/W2073974376","https://openalex.org/W2074411637","https://openalex.org/W2100145864","https://openalex.org/W2103701872","https://openalex.org/W2107547171","https://openalex.org/W2113930013","https://openalex.org/W2160044108","https://openalex.org/W2241088308","https://openalex.org/W2320098374","https://openalex.org/W2326294160","https://openalex.org/W2472185036","https://openalex.org/W2478850332","https://openalex.org/W2559159199","https://openalex.org/W2727704802","https://openalex.org/W2741815561","https://openalex.org/W2773725532","https://openalex.org/W2782478410","https://openalex.org/W2782764833","https://openalex.org/W2889175345","https://openalex.org/W2895030146","https://openalex.org/W2909130206","https://openalex.org/W2941688127","https://openalex.org/W2969748511","https://openalex.org/W2972632198","https://openalex.org/W2972659693","https://openalex.org/W2980101188","https://openalex.org/W3020414631","https://openalex.org/W3038284474","https://openalex.org/W3088042916","https://openalex.org/W3092038248","https://openalex.org/W3122336703","https://openalex.org/W3125399031","https://openalex.org/W3200702453","https://openalex.org/W4242499665","https://openalex.org/W4245236254","https://openalex.org/W4404899250","https://openalex.org/W6631456017"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2134020923","https://openalex.org/W2479871838","https://openalex.org/W2965011540","https://openalex.org/W2792023157","https://openalex.org/W1815107807","https://openalex.org/W4379468622","https://openalex.org/W3217434375","https://openalex.org/W4246741989","https://openalex.org/W2123914215","https://openalex.org/W2996717111"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0,81],"of":[1,11,68,86,102,138],"the":[2,6,9,65,79,84,119,135,160],"major":[3],"issues":[4],"facing":[5],"world":[7],"is":[8,15],"resource":[10],"safe":[12],"water,":[13],"which":[14],"decreasing":[16],"rapidly":[17],"due":[18],"to":[19,45,93,133],"climatic":[20],"changes,":[21],"contamination,":[22],"and":[23,41,74,148,153,163,168],"pollution.":[24],"The":[25],"most":[26],"affected":[27],"living":[28],"beings":[29],"are":[30,42,62,128],"underwater":[31],"life":[32],"forms":[33],"as":[34],"they":[35],"eventually":[36],"take":[37],"these":[38],"toxins":[39],"in":[40,78],"thus":[43],"prone":[44],"death,":[46],"making":[47],"continuously":[48],"checking":[49,59],"water":[50,60,69,104],"quality":[51,61,105,146],"a":[52,99,170],"quintessential":[53],"task.":[54],"But":[55],"traditional":[56],"systems":[57,107],"for":[58,118,130,172],"energy-consuming,":[63],"involving":[64],"initial":[66],"collection":[67],"samples":[70],"from":[71],"different":[72],"locations":[73],"then":[75],"testing":[76],"them":[77],"lab.":[80],"emerging":[82],"technology,":[83],"Internet":[85],"Things":[87],"(IoT),":[88],"shows":[89],"great":[90],"promise":[91],"related":[92],"this":[94,124],"field.":[95],"This":[96,140,156],"paper":[97],"presents":[98],"detailed":[100],"review":[101,141],"various":[103,116],"monitoring":[106],"(WQSN),":[108],"using":[109],"IoT,":[110],"that":[111],"have":[112],"been":[113],"proposed":[114],"by":[115],"researchers":[117],"past":[120],"decade":[121],"(2011-2020).":[122],"In":[123],"instance,":[125],"new":[126],"calculations":[127],"made":[129],"potential":[131],"clients":[132],"analyze":[134],"concerned":[136],"area":[137],"research.":[139],"acknowledges":[142],"key":[143,161],"accomplishments":[144],"concerning":[145],"measures":[147],"success":[149],"indicators":[150],"regarding":[151],"qualitative":[152],"quantitative":[154],"measurement.":[155],"study":[157],"also":[158],"explores":[159],"points":[162],"reasons":[164],"behind":[165],"lessons":[166],"learned":[167],"proposes":[169],"roadmap":[171],"impending":[173],"findings.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}