{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4214592427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051881","title":"Characterization System for Heat-Energy to Electric-Energy Conversion from Concrete by Means of a Thermoelectric Module","display_name":"Characterization System for Heat-Energy to Electric-Energy Conversion from Concrete by Means of a Thermoelectric Module","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4214592427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051881","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35271028"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22051881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051881","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077225041","display_name":"Luis C. F\u00e9lix\u2010Herr\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3243-5514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis C. F\u00e9lix-Herr\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Blvd. Enrique Maz\u00f3n L\u00f3pez 965, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3243-5514","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Blvd. Enrique Maz\u00f3n L\u00f3pez 965, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017021250","display_name":"A. Garc\u00eda-Ju\u00e1rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7625-3093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4061448","display_name":"Universidad de Sonora","ror":"https://ror.org/00c32gy34","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4061448"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alejandro Garc\u00eda-Ju\u00e1rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en F\u00edsica, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7625-3093","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en F\u00edsica, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4061448"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031183796","display_name":"L. A. Garc\u00eda-Delgado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4175-4373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4061448","display_name":"Universidad de Sonora","ror":"https://ror.org/00c32gy34","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4061448"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Arturo Garc\u00eda-Delgado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en F\u00edsica, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4175-4373","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en F\u00edsica, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4061448"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029160518","display_name":"Pablo Said Gonz\u00e1lez-Aguayo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4061448","display_name":"Universidad de Sonora","ror":"https://ror.org/00c32gy34","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4061448"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Said Gonz\u00e1lez-Aguayo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en F\u00edsica, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en F\u00edsica, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4061448"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076899383","display_name":"Jorge de J. Lozoya-Santos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5536-1426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge de-J. Lozoya-Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5536-1426","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022267255","display_name":"J. R. Noriega","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6641-6576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4061448","display_name":"Universidad de Sonora","ror":"https://ror.org/00c32gy34","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4061448"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 R. Noriega","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en F\u00edsica, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6641-6576","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en F\u00edsica, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4061448"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022267255"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4061448"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.6962,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62940998,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"5","first_page":"1881","last_page":"1881"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10938","display_name":"Phase Change Materials Research","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10938","display_name":"Phase Change Materials Research","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10440","display_name":"Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermoelectric-effect","display_name":"Thermoelectric effect","score":0.7911920547485352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermoelectric-generator","display_name":"Thermoelectric generator","score":0.6715967655181885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6338581442832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-potential-energy","display_name":"Electric potential energy","score":0.5914172530174255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5867672562599182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-gradient","display_name":"Temperature gradient","score":0.5221222639083862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermoelectric-cooling","display_name":"Thermoelectric cooling","score":0.48542866110801697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermoelectric-materials","display_name":"Thermoelectric materials","score":0.4850887060165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.4791395366191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slab","display_name":"Slab","score":0.45432958006858826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4522363543510437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-transformation","display_name":"Energy transformation","score":0.44488340616226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.3912137746810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.3621629476547241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.30498671531677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.26057738065719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21164876222610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.19177386164665222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-conductivity","display_name":"Thermal conductivity","score":0.16657501459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06651204824447632}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63024428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552456","display_name":"Thermoelectric effect","level":2,"score":0.7911920547485352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117127486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11569191","display_name":"Thermoelectric generator","level":3,"score":0.6715967655181885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6338581442832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98576551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841798","display_name":"Electric potential energy","level":3,"score":0.5914172530174255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5867672562599182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137109543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554388","display_name":"Temperature gradient","level":2,"score":0.5221222639083862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128458982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18891486","display_name":"Thermoelectric cooling","level":3,"score":0.48542866110801697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207365445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15020929","display_name":"Thermoelectric materials","level":3,"score":0.4850887060165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.4791395366191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113740112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5904738","display_name":"Slab","level":2,"score":0.45432958006858826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4522363543510437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144822601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11271324","display_name":"Energy transformation","level":2,"score":0.44488340616226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3912137746810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3621629476547241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.30498671531677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.26057738065719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21164876222610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.19177386164665222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97346530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487005","display_name":"Thermal conductivity","level":2,"score":0.16657501459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06651204824447632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22051881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35271028","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35271028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d5c7e88c1ac648a7bc68e74049de69ce","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d5c7e88c1ac648a7bc68e74049de69ce","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 5, p 1881 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/5/1881/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22051881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 5; Pages: 1881","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8915075","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8915075","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22051881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W196033450","https://openalex.org/W1514482970","https://openalex.org/W1677982360","https://openalex.org/W1963876129","https://openalex.org/W2013895672","https://openalex.org/W2026861509","https://openalex.org/W2032508787","https://openalex.org/W2037849674","https://openalex.org/W2039923496","https://openalex.org/W2045642891","https://openalex.org/W2050841442","https://openalex.org/W2063876223","https://openalex.org/W2064116065","https://openalex.org/W2081019997","https://openalex.org/W2146075252","https://openalex.org/W2153868853","https://openalex.org/W2165063431","https://openalex.org/W2345772674","https://openalex.org/W2395275878","https://openalex.org/W2443976359","https://openalex.org/W2570266147","https://openalex.org/W2786385826","https://openalex.org/W2810308059","https://openalex.org/W2909879225","https://openalex.org/W2947370357","https://openalex.org/W2979656754","https://openalex.org/W2990890324","https://openalex.org/W3131526624"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205963142","https://openalex.org/W2790371002","https://openalex.org/W2617064127","https://openalex.org/W1965744826","https://openalex.org/W1966512301","https://openalex.org/W4313413020","https://openalex.org/W2179411111","https://openalex.org/W2268668322","https://openalex.org/W198670575","https://openalex.org/W4246268758"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,14,31,145],"present":[1],"work":[2],"describes":[3],"the":[4,19,38,65,93,96,99,110,118,126,132,150,156,162,167,171,174,184,187,199,207],"implementation":[5],"of":[6,24,41,59,95,101,134,158,173,186],"a":[7,42,55,114,122,135,142],"prototype":[8],"to":[9,17,48,92,148,182],"characterize":[10],"thermoelectric":[11,25,45,115,163,175],"modules":[12,26],"(TEM).":[13],"goal":[15],"is":[16,35,90,147,180],"study":[18],"energy":[20,70,74,153],"conversion":[21,71],"by":[22,139,155],"means":[23],"mounted":[27],"on":[28,109,117,125],"concrete":[29,56,127,143,159],"structures.":[30],"proposed":[32],"experimental":[33],"system":[34],"used":[36],"for":[37,98,206],"electrical":[39,73,106,152],"characterization":[40],"commercially":[43],"available":[44],"module":[46,176],"TEC1-12710":[47],"prove":[49],"its":[50,102],"operation":[51],"while":[52],"embedded":[53],"in":[54],"slab,":[57],"typical":[58],"building":[60],"constructions.":[61],"In":[62],"this":[63],"case,":[64],"parameters":[66],"that":[67],"define":[68],"thermal":[69],"into":[72],"are":[75],"open-circuit":[76],"voltage":[77,81],"generation,":[78,82],"loaded":[79],"circuit":[80],"and":[83,113,161],"load":[84,89],"current.":[85],"A":[86],"known":[87],"external":[88],"connected":[91],"terminals":[94],"TEM":[97],"purpose":[100],"electric":[103],"characterization.":[104],"An":[105],"heating":[107],"element":[108],"hot":[111],"side":[112,120],"cooler":[116],"cold":[119],"produce":[121],"temperature":[123,136,168,188,200],"difference":[124,169],"slab.":[128],"This":[129],"arrangement":[130],"allows":[131],"emulation":[133],"gradient":[137,189],"produced":[138,154],"sunlight":[140,192],"over":[141],"structure.":[144],"objective":[146],"measure":[149],"resulting":[151],"combination":[157],"slab":[160],"module.":[164],"By":[165],"controlling":[166],"between":[170],"sides":[172],"under":[177,190],"test,":[178],"it":[179],"possible":[181],"simulate":[183],"effect":[185],"different":[191],"conditions.":[193],"Two":[194],"digital":[195],"PI":[196],"controllers":[197],"regulate":[198],"conditions,":[201],"thus":[202],"providing":[203],"controlled":[204],"conditions":[205],"experiments.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
