{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4214748634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051879","title":"Multi-Feature Single Target Robust Tracking Fused with Particle Filter","display_name":"Multi-Feature Single Target Robust Tracking Fused with Particle Filter","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4214748634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051879","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35271025"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22051879","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051879","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016678599","display_name":"Caihong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6213-8185"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caihong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6213-8185","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059278532","display_name":"Mayire Ibrayim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8766-0647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mayire Ibrayim","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075133420","display_name":"Askar Hamdulla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2321-308X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Askar Hamdulla","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2321-308X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059278532"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.3915,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55985253,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"5","first_page":"1879","last_page":"1879"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9664999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9625999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7574887871742249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-filter","display_name":"Particle filter","score":0.7193272113800049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7102802991867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6801103949546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6605896353721619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.6313785314559937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.5798535346984863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.49832820892333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.45880261063575745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-appearance-model","display_name":"Active appearance model","score":0.4511498808860779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.4314267635345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking-system","display_name":"Tracking system","score":0.4283779561519623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.37622153759002686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.0906158983707428}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7574887871742249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52421305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151499","display_name":"Particle filter","level":3,"score":0.7193272113800049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7102802991867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6801103949546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6605896353721619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.6313785314559937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.5798535346984863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.49832820892333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.45880261063575745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83248878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344000","display_name":"Active appearance model","level":3,"score":0.4511498808860779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.4314267635345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154586513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4420972","display_name":"Tracking system","level":3,"score":0.4283779561519623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.37622153759002686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0906158983707428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22051879","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35271025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35271025","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6b3464fd59774211828e05b8a73e83ff","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6b3464fd59774211828e05b8a73e83ff","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 5, p 1879 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/5/1879/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22051879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 5; Pages: 1879","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8914627","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8914627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22051879","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W161114242","https://openalex.org/W818325216","https://openalex.org/W1554825167","https://openalex.org/W1781762476","https://openalex.org/W1892578678","https://openalex.org/W1904671147","https://openalex.org/W1915599933","https://openalex.org/W1955514522","https://openalex.org/W1955741794","https://openalex.org/W1964846093","https://openalex.org/W1977995219","https://openalex.org/W1997121481","https://openalex.org/W2066757459","https://openalex.org/W2089961441","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2118097920","https://openalex.org/W2139047213","https://openalex.org/W2147632348","https://openalex.org/W2154889144","https://openalex.org/W2158592639","https://openalex.org/W2162349892","https://openalex.org/W2162383208","https://openalex.org/W2168117308","https://openalex.org/W2170443772","https://openalex.org/W2276629434","https://openalex.org/W2280226538","https://openalex.org/W2518876086","https://openalex.org/W2558899534","https://openalex.org/W2591823554","https://openalex.org/W2599547527","https://openalex.org/W2681067697","https://openalex.org/W2767302379","https://openalex.org/W2800417485","https://openalex.org/W2809721476","https://openalex.org/W2900098418","https://openalex.org/W2917353338","https://openalex.org/W2940928832","https://openalex.org/W2963051855","https://openalex.org/W2964111344","https://openalex.org/W3035672751","https://openalex.org/W3040318838","https://openalex.org/W3098217967","https://openalex.org/W6677907805","https://openalex.org/W6683411478"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2318603563","https://openalex.org/W1994458110","https://openalex.org/W2100525497","https://openalex.org/W887692824","https://openalex.org/W2354419434","https://openalex.org/W2012200063","https://openalex.org/W4285271403","https://openalex.org/W3178626677","https://openalex.org/W2110357291","https://openalex.org/W2963010494"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aiming":[0],"at":[1],"the":[2,25,54,69,81,85,111,121,127,141,146,159,181,195],"problems":[3],"of":[4,10,22,24,73,105,113,161],"target":[5,11,26,30,63,122,162,197],"model":[6,143],"drift":[7],"or":[8],"loss":[9],"tracking":[12,31,42,119,123,186,198,209],"caused":[13],"by":[14],"serious":[15],"deformation,":[16],"occlusion,":[17],"fast":[18],"motion,":[19],"and":[20,77,88,151,173,207],"out":[21],"view":[23],"in":[27,32,66,93,129,140,200],"long-term":[28,137],"moving":[29],"complex":[33,201],"scenes,":[34,202],"this":[35,99,130],"paper":[36,100,131],"presents":[37],"a":[38,46,102,106],"robust":[39,185],"multi-feature":[40,183],"single-target":[41,184],"algorithm":[43,50,128,187],"based":[44,52],"on":[45,53,168],"particle":[47,108,190],"filter.":[48],"The":[49,176],"is":[51],"correlation":[55],"filtering":[56,191],"framework.":[57],"First,":[58],"to":[59,68,115,117,157],"extract":[60],"more":[61,205],"accurate":[62,118,208],"appearance":[64],"features,":[65,80],"addition":[67],"manual":[70],"features":[71,76,83],"histogram":[72,79],"oriented":[74],"gradient":[75],"color":[78],"depth":[82],"from":[84],"conv3-4,":[86],"conv4-4":[87],"conv5-4":[89],"convolutional":[90],"layer":[91],"outputs":[92],"VGGNet-19":[94],"are":[95,155,166],"also":[96],"fused.":[97],"Secondly,":[98],"designs":[101],"re-detection":[103],"module":[104],"fusion":[107],"filter":[109,153],"for":[110],"problem":[112,199],"how":[114],"return":[116],"after":[120],"fails,":[124],"so":[125],"that":[126,180],"can":[132,192],"maintain":[133],"high":[134],"robustness":[135],"during":[136],"tracking.":[138,163],"Finally,":[139],"adaptive":[142,147,152],"update":[144,150,154],"stage,":[145],"learning":[148],"rate":[149],"performed":[156],"improve":[158],"accuracy":[160],"Extensive":[164],"experiments":[165],"conducted":[167],"dataset":[169,171,174],"OTB-2015,":[170],"OTB-2013,":[172],"UAV123.":[175],"experimental":[177],"results":[178],"show":[179],"proposed":[182],"with":[188],"fused":[189],"effectively":[193],"solve":[194],"long-time":[196],"while":[203],"showing":[204],"stable":[206],"performance.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
