{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210983681","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22031286","title":"A Compact Fiber-Coupled NIR/MIR Laser Absorption Instrument for the Simultaneous Measurement of Gas-Phase Temperature and CO, CO2, and H2O Concentration","display_name":"A Compact Fiber-Coupled NIR/MIR Laser Absorption Instrument for the Simultaneous Measurement of Gas-Phase Temperature and CO, CO2, and H2O Concentration","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210983681","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22031286","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35162031"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22031286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22031286","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/1286/pdf?version=1644486773","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/1286/pdf?version=1644486773","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101963143","display_name":"Lin Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics\u2014Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics\u2014Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013171104","display_name":"Torsten Endres","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Torsten Endres","raw_affiliation_strings":["IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics\u2014Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8100-3921","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics\u2014Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111518230","display_name":"Jay B. Jeffries","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138294","display_name":"Temper (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04b47hp24","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138294"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jay B. Jeffries","raw_affiliation_strings":["High Temperature Gasdynamics Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA","IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics\u2014Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"High Temperature Gasdynamics Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004","https://openalex.org/I4210138294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics\u2014Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028487967","display_name":"Thomas Dreier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8313-4992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Dreier","raw_affiliation_strings":["IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics\u2014Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics\u2014Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029434875","display_name":"Christof Schulz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6879-4826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christof Schulz","raw_affiliation_strings":["IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics\u2014Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6879-4826","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics\u2014Reactive Fluids, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013171104"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":1287,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1388},"fwci":0.4429,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54025166,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"3","first_page":"1286","last_page":"1286"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12760","display_name":"Laser Design and Applications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10553","display_name":"Combustion and flame dynamics","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.6872377991676331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6305100321769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.568587064743042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5222683548927307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absorption","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","score":0.48581624031066895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.4759887456893921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.47012364864349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-sensor","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","score":0.4548549950122833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combustor","display_name":"Combustor","score":0.4130555987358093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.16166141629219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combustion","display_name":"Combustion","score":0.1122676432132721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06926053762435913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.6872377991676331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6305100321769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.568587064743042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5222683548927307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.48581624031066895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.4759887456893921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.47012364864349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21651689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397427","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","level":3,"score":0.4548549950122833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83104080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3809680","display_name":"Combustor","level":3,"score":0.4130555987358093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.16166141629219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.1122676432132721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06926053762435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22031286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22031286","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/1286/pdf?version=1644486773","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35162031","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35162031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:54ba5d662f974a578349efca2c633341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/54ba5d662f974a578349efca2c633341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 3, p 1286 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:duepublico2.uni-due.de:duepublico_mods_00076449","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://duepublico2.uni-due.de/receive/duepublico_mods_00076449","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400212","display_name":"DuEPublico (University of Duisburg-Essen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","host_organization_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/3/1286/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 3; Pages: 1286","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8839141","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8839141","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22031286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22031286","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/1286/pdf?version=1644486773","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2110624101","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"03ET7011L","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323803","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6041157012","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"229633504","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323803","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie","ror":"https://ror.org/02vgg2808"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210983681.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210983681.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1534580298","https://openalex.org/W1606755381","https://openalex.org/W1966200583","https://openalex.org/W1977990677","https://openalex.org/W1986023539","https://openalex.org/W1986634661","https://openalex.org/W1990197969","https://openalex.org/W2002707619","https://openalex.org/W2004877012","https://openalex.org/W2014473977","https://openalex.org/W2034804042","https://openalex.org/W2038881236","https://openalex.org/W2051389444","https://openalex.org/W2064431537","https://openalex.org/W2072005373","https://openalex.org/W2077735085","https://openalex.org/W2090919390","https://openalex.org/W2091671020","https://openalex.org/W2115377156","https://openalex.org/W2126858388","https://openalex.org/W2127230433","https://openalex.org/W2156934937","https://openalex.org/W2492446065","https://openalex.org/W2553881921","https://openalex.org/W2591682036","https://openalex.org/W2605295723","https://openalex.org/W2806848425","https://openalex.org/W3090430466","https://openalex.org/W3146411346","https://openalex.org/W3214376376","https://openalex.org/W4206050372","https://openalex.org/W4213168521"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W610912452","https://openalex.org/W2942569287","https://openalex.org/W2547494374","https://openalex.org/W1979506785","https://openalex.org/W3182082895","https://openalex.org/W1996601847","https://openalex.org/W3012181898","https://openalex.org/W141287084","https://openalex.org/W2082444836","https://openalex.org/W2092877997"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"O":[0],"measurements":[1],"in":[2,12,56,63,77,86,153,164],"reactive":[3],"flows":[4],"at":[5],"the":[6,37,41,78,87,114,122,125,127,147,154,165],"elevated":[7],"temperatures":[8,25,51],"and":[9,24,47,158],"pressures":[10,20],"expected":[11],"gas":[13,167],"turbine":[14],"combustor":[15],"test":[16,49],"rigs":[17],"with":[18],"target":[19],"from":[21,40,68,75,113],"1-25":[22],"bar":[23],"of":[26,36,71,106,116,124,135,139,161,168],"up":[27],"to":[28,82],"2000":[29],"K.":[30],"The":[31,58],"optical":[32,66,96,128,145],"engineering":[33,129,148],"for":[34,131,150],"solutions":[35],"significant":[38],"challenges":[39],"ambient":[42,48,156],"acoustic":[43],"noise":[44],"(~120":[45],"dB)":[46],"rig":[50],"(60":[52],"\u00b0C)":[53],"are":[54,173],"discussed":[55],"detail.":[57],"sensor":[59,151,162],"delivers":[60],"wavelength-multiplexed":[61],"light":[62],"a":[64,69,94,103,136,143,169],"single":[65,95,144],"fiber":[67,97,133],"set":[70],"solid-state":[72],"lasers":[73,85],"ranging":[74],"diodes":[76],"near-infrared":[79],"(~1300":[80],"nm)":[81],"quantum":[83],"cascade":[84],"mid-infrared":[88],"(~4900":[89],"nm).":[90],"Wavelength-multiplexing":[91],"systems":[92],"using":[93],"have":[98],"not":[99],"previously":[100],"spanned":[101],"such":[102],"wide":[104,137],"range":[105,138],"laser":[107,140],"wavelengths.":[108],"Gas":[109],"temperature":[110],"is":[111],"inferred":[112],"ratio":[115],"two":[117],"water":[118],"vapor":[119],"transitions.":[120],"Here,":[121],"design":[123],"sensor,":[126],"required":[130,149],"simultaneous":[132],"delivery":[134],"wavelengths":[141],"on":[142],"line-of-sight,":[146],"survival":[152],"harsh":[155],"environment,":[157],"laboratory":[159],"testing":[160],"performance":[163],"exhaust":[166],"flat":[170],"flame":[171],"burner":[172],"presented.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2022-02-13T00:00:00"}
