{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3213530928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030919","title":"A Shallow U-Net Architecture for Reliably Predicting Blood Pressure (BP) from Photoplethysmogram (PPG) and Electrocardiogram (ECG) Signals","display_name":"A Shallow U-Net Architecture for Reliably Predicting Blood Pressure (BP) from Photoplethysmogram (PPG) and Electrocardiogram (ECG) Signals","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3213530928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030919","mag":"3213530928","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35161664"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22030919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030919","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/919/pdf?version=1644196455","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/919/pdf?version=1644196455","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028434107","display_name":"Sakib Mahmud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-2192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sakib Mahmud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-2192","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032727078","display_name":"Nabil Ibtehaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3625-5972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nabil Ibtehaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003290346","display_name":"Amith Khandakar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amith Khandakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-9112","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049954961","display_name":"Anas Tahir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5018-0626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anas M. Tahir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086043405","display_name":"Tawsifur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6938-6496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tawsifur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6938-6496","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084025595","display_name":"Khandaker Reajul Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2863-8156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khandaker Reajul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049423984","display_name":"Md Shafayet Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5365-2182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Shafayet Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronics and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronics and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029174615","display_name":"M. Sohel Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9419-6478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183697816","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05a1qpv97","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Sohel Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CSE, BUET, ECE Building, West Palashi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9419-6478","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CSE, BUET, ECE Building, West Palashi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071330181","display_name":"Farayi Musharavati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0489-0090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farayi Musharavati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0489-0090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085708361","display_name":"Mohamed Arselene Ayari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-886X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Arselene Ayari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar","Technology Innovation and Engineering Education (TIEE), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-886X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology Innovation and Engineering Education (TIEE), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100748842","display_name":"Mohammad Tariqul Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4929-3209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Tariqul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronics and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4929-3209","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronics and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064486960","display_name":"Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-8206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-8206","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064486960"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":6.866,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98076832,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"3","first_page":"919","last_page":"919"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","score":0.9123098850250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure","display_name":"Blood pressure","score":0.7880231142044067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-monitoring","display_name":"Continuous monitoring","score":0.5664609670639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology","display_name":"Cardiology","score":0.49826717376708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.49746420979499817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-absolute-error","display_name":"Mean absolute error","score":0.4945935904979706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diastole","display_name":"Diastole","score":0.44869282841682434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.42049548029899597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3874363601207733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3830898702144623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.37593019008636475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.34763312339782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.33113622665405273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18249467015266418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14259925484657288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.12926366925239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09539365768432617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07202839851379395}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.9123098850250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.7880231142044067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776902269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165493","display_name":"Continuous monitoring","level":2,"score":0.5664609670639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.49826717376708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.49746420979499817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188154048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6803609","display_name":"Mean absolute error","level":3,"score":0.4945935904979706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57900726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492905","display_name":"Diastole","level":3,"score":0.44869282841682434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.42049548029899597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3874363601207733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3830898702144623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.37593019008636475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34763312339782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.33113622665405273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18249467015266418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14259925484657288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.12926366925239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09539365768432617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07202839851379395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001794","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001794","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001794","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001794","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001795","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001795","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001795","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001795","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006973","descriptor_name":"Hypertension","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006973","descriptor_name":"Hypertension","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006973","descriptor_name":"Hypertension","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006973","descriptor_name":"Hypertension","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22030919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030919","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/919/pdf?version=1644196455","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35161664","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35161664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2111.08480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2111.08480","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.08480","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:018ecfa6eb1b435b932b7840cfe4a3f7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/018ecfa6eb1b435b932b7840cfe4a3f7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 3, p 919 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/3/919/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 3; Pages: 919","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8840244","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8840244","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/41958","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10576/41958","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22030919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030919","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/919/pdf?version=1644196455","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2560157524","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP12S-0227-190164","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2894603144","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP12S-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G40519439","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IRCC-2021-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4695663446","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IRCC-2021-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322472","funder_display_name":"Qatar University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5537252535","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP12S-0227-190164","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322472","funder_display_name":"Qatar University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/039z13y21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322472","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3213530928.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3213530928.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W621251951","https://openalex.org/W858184368","https://openalex.org/W1528687555","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2010346705","https://openalex.org/W2014443718","https://openalex.org/W2052434974","https://openalex.org/W2074890767","https://openalex.org/W2088204643","https://openalex.org/W2323782716","https://openalex.org/W2431637923","https://openalex.org/W2464708700","https://openalex.org/W2765604331","https://openalex.org/W2774320778","https://openalex.org/W2782272478","https://openalex.org/W2782757030","https://openalex.org/W2792903264","https://openalex.org/W2793520628","https://openalex.org/W2805288670","https://openalex.org/W2884436604","https://openalex.org/W2888894984","https://openalex.org/W2899181598","https://openalex.org/W2912373861","https://openalex.org/W2912989244","https://openalex.org/W2928133111","https://openalex.org/W2937569959","https://openalex.org/W2962963674","https://openalex.org/W2963452667","https://openalex.org/W2965846681","https://openalex.org/W2972404066","https://openalex.org/W2991532911","https://openalex.org/W2999785484","https://openalex.org/W3015201783","https://openalex.org/W3021934549","https://openalex.org/W3030350170","https://openalex.org/W3032577414","https://openalex.org/W3034527154","https://openalex.org/W3037304592","https://openalex.org/W3090240709","https://openalex.org/W3090602117","https://openalex.org/W3096038883","https://openalex.org/W3099743694","https://openalex.org/W3101824250","https://openalex.org/W3112077347","https://openalex.org/W3114582221","https://openalex.org/W3135184486","https://openalex.org/W3159598895","https://openalex.org/W3164461680","https://openalex.org/W3164532900","https://openalex.org/W3165418382","https://openalex.org/W3182487637","https://openalex.org/W3186099984","https://openalex.org/W3210244687","https://openalex.org/W4298843044","https://openalex.org/W4309119158","https://openalex.org/W6749406341","https://openalex.org/W6802997345"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2732360296","https://openalex.org/W1994871954","https://openalex.org/W4297152434","https://openalex.org/W2898782655","https://openalex.org/W2373961710","https://openalex.org/W2407387371","https://openalex.org/W4310873162","https://openalex.org/W3030478139","https://openalex.org/W2335690440","https://openalex.org/W2184912121"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cardiovascular":[0],"diseases":[1],"are":[2,28,52],"the":[3,10,55,108,132,147,152,172,197,201,218,220,231,234],"most":[4],"common":[5],"causes":[6],"of":[7,50,110,128,131,171,181,194,207],"death":[8],"around":[9],"world.":[11],"To":[12],"detect":[13],"and":[14,32,68,93,117,135,154,183,187,209,213,229],"treat":[15],"heart-related":[16],"diseases,":[17],"continuous":[18,48,77,101],"blood":[19,65,70],"pressure":[20,66,71],"(BP)":[21],"monitoring":[22,49,59],"along":[23],"with":[24,156],"many":[25],"other":[26],"parameters":[27],"required.":[29],"Several":[30,79],"invasive":[31],"non-invasive":[33],"methods":[34,43],"have":[35],"been":[36],"developed":[37],"for":[38,47,76,100,185,211],"this":[39,104],"purpose.":[40],"Most":[41],"existing":[42],"used":[44,75,99],"in":[45,112],"hospitals":[46],"BP":[51,58,84,114],"invasive.":[53],"On":[54,190],"contrary,":[56],"cuff-based":[57],"methods,":[60],"which":[61,96],"can":[62,97,145],"predict":[63,83,151],"systolic":[64],"(SBP)":[67],"diastolic":[69],"(DBP),":[72],"cannot":[73],"be":[74,98],"monitoring.":[78,102],"studies":[80,232],"attempted":[81],"to":[82,150],"from":[85,115,168,233],"non-invasively":[86],"collectible":[87],"signals":[88],"such":[89],"as":[90],"photoplethysmograms":[91],"(PPG)":[92],"electrocardiograms":[94],"(ECG),":[95],"In":[103],"study,":[105],"we":[106],"explored":[107],"applicability":[109],"autoencoders":[111],"predicting":[113],"PPG":[116],"ECG":[118],"signals.":[119],"The":[120],"investigation":[121],"was":[122,137],"carried":[123],"out":[124],"on":[125,159,200],"12,000":[126],"instances":[127],"942":[129],"patients":[130],"MIMIC-II":[133,173,202],"dataset,":[134],"it":[136],"found":[138],"that":[139],"a":[140,160,169,176],"very":[141,161],"shallow,":[142],"one-dimensional":[143],"autoencoder":[144],"extract":[146],"relevant":[148],"features":[149],"SBP":[153,186,212],"DBP":[155],"state-of-the-art":[157],"performance":[158],"large":[162],"dataset.":[163],"An":[164],"independent":[165],"test":[166],"set":[167],"portion":[170],"dataset":[174,193,203],"provided":[175,204],"mean":[177],"absolute":[178],"error":[179],"(MAE)":[180],"2.333":[182],"0.713":[184],"DBP,":[188,214],"respectively.":[189,215],"an":[191,205],"external":[192],"40":[195],"subjects,":[196],"model":[198],"trained":[199],"MAE":[206],"2.728":[208],"1.166":[210],"For":[216],"both":[217],"cases,":[219],"results":[221],"met":[222],"British":[223],"Hypertension":[224],"Society":[225],"(BHS)":[226],"Grade":[227],"A":[228],"surpassed":[230],"current":[235],"literature.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
