{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4207017358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030807","title":"Breast Cancer Classification from Ultrasound Images Using Probability-Based Optimal Deep Learning Feature Fusion","display_name":"Breast Cancer Classification from Ultrasound Images Using Probability-Based Optimal Deep Learning Feature Fusion","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4207017358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030807","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35161552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22030807","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030807","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030807","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037411400","display_name":"Kiran Jabeen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29698356","display_name":"HITEC University","ror":"https://ror.org/013d87239","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kiran Jabeen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, HITEC University Taxila, Taxila 47080, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, HITEC University Taxila, Taxila 47080, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Muhammad Attique Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6763-2123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29698356","display_name":"HITEC University","ror":"https://ror.org/013d87239","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Attique Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, HITEC University Taxila, Taxila 47080, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6763-2123","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, HITEC University Taxila, Taxila 47080, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067940140","display_name":"Majed Alhaisoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0231-6899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088963","display_name":"University of Ha'il","ror":"https://ror.org/013w98a82","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Majed Alhaisoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha\u2019il, Ha\u2019il 55211, Saudi Arabia","College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 55211, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha\u2019il, Ha\u2019il 55211, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 55211, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088139460","display_name":"Usman Tariq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7672-1187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142608572","display_name":"Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jt46d36","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Usman Tariq","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Engineering and Science, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharaj 11942, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7672-1187","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Engineering and Science, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharaj 11942, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100434437","display_name":"Yudong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4870-1493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Dong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4870-1493","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101970711","display_name":"Ameer Hamza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8343-4227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29698356","display_name":"HITEC University","ror":"https://ror.org/013d87239","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ameer Hamza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, HITEC University Taxila, Taxila 47080, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, HITEC University Taxila, Taxila 47080, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006466000","display_name":"Art\u016bras Mickus","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188730046","display_name":"Vytautas Magnus University","ror":"https://ror.org/04y7eh037","country_code":"LT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188730046"]}],"countries":["LT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Art\u016bras Mickus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Informatics, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Informatics, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188730046"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042653526","display_name":"Robertas Dama\u0161evi\u010dius","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-1084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188730046","display_name":"Vytautas Magnus University","ror":"https://ror.org/04y7eh037","country_code":"LT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188730046"]}],"countries":["LT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robertas Dama\u0161evi\u010dius","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Informatics, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-1084","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Informatics, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188730046"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042653526"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188730046"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":30.979,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":299,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9978205,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"3","first_page":"807","last_page":"807"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7487536668777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6639167070388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"Breast cancer","score":0.6421487331390381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6182266473770142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5689449310302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5540828704833984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.528105616569519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5001239776611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4935346841812134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.49208158254623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4920043647289276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-ultrasound","display_name":"Breast ultrasound","score":0.4898657500743866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.3130086660385132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mammography","display_name":"Mammography","score":0.2898443639278412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.15242335200309753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7487536668777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6639167070388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.6421487331390381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6182266473770142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5689449310302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5540828704833984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.528105616569519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5001239776611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4935346841812134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.49208158254623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4920043647289276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777423100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1888238","display_name":"Breast ultrasound","level":5,"score":0.4898657500743866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.3130086660385132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q324634","display_name":"Mammography","level":4,"score":0.2898443639278412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15242335200309753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001940","descriptor_name":"Breast","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001940","descriptor_name":"Breast","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001940","descriptor_name":"Breast","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016217","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography, Mammary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016217","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography, Mammary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016217","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography, Mammary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22030807","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030807","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35161552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35161552","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c966925c9b5240d0936f7b61db1f9878","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c966925c9b5240d0936f7b61db1f9878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 3, p 807 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/3/807/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030807","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 3; Pages: 807","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8840464","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8840464","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22030807","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030807","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565746575","https://openalex.org/W1972489770","https://openalex.org/W1993584845","https://openalex.org/W2009629689","https://openalex.org/W2019984996","https://openalex.org/W2111954528","https://openalex.org/W2121102497","https://openalex.org/W2494484377","https://openalex.org/W2527654160","https://openalex.org/W2619880275","https://openalex.org/W2741140850","https://openalex.org/W2776140409","https://openalex.org/W2785867322","https://openalex.org/W2802528458","https://openalex.org/W2910702843","https://openalex.org/W2913774342","https://openalex.org/W2970196304","https://openalex.org/W2975029521","https://openalex.org/W2982590838","https://openalex.org/W2989761415","https://openalex.org/W2991372685","https://openalex.org/W2995166707","https://openalex.org/W2996020561","https://openalex.org/W3002592716","https://openalex.org/W3003903700","https://openalex.org/W3010924314","https://openalex.org/W3014164192","https://openalex.org/W3037414627","https://openalex.org/W3037691739","https://openalex.org/W3080713553","https://openalex.org/W3089917316","https://openalex.org/W3091883770","https://openalex.org/W3092412781","https://openalex.org/W3110379578","https://openalex.org/W3110722024","https://openalex.org/W3114958142","https://openalex.org/W3125697162","https://openalex.org/W3129125470","https://openalex.org/W3134269260","https://openalex.org/W3135344411","https://openalex.org/W3136200549","https://openalex.org/W3157017075","https://openalex.org/W3162357183","https://openalex.org/W3162452407","https://openalex.org/W3166253025","https://openalex.org/W3166322331","https://openalex.org/W3166383743","https://openalex.org/W3166430332","https://openalex.org/W3167708457","https://openalex.org/W3168837030","https://openalex.org/W3172317317","https://openalex.org/W3172430865","https://openalex.org/W3172943905","https://openalex.org/W3179013378","https://openalex.org/W3186345593","https://openalex.org/W3197300698","https://openalex.org/W3200413543","https://openalex.org/W3201430889","https://openalex.org/W3204355280","https://openalex.org/W3204669600","https://openalex.org/W3207838615","https://openalex.org/W3208002538","https://openalex.org/W3208239477","https://openalex.org/W3213222106","https://openalex.org/W4226427273","https://openalex.org/W6767034556","https://openalex.org/W6797202517"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4401096132","https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W3183901164","https://openalex.org/W4206357785","https://openalex.org/W4281381188","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3192840557","https://openalex.org/W3103566983","https://openalex.org/W3135818718"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"After":[0],"lung":[1],"cancer,":[2],"breast":[3,15,29,52],"cancer":[4,16,30,43,53],"is":[5,17,39,73,82,106,112,124],"the":[6,63,66,86,89,109,116,121,134,140,163,194,204],"second":[7],"leading":[8],"cause":[9],"of":[10,65,88,95],"death":[11],"in":[12,22],"women.":[13],"If":[14],"detected":[18],"early,":[19],"mortality":[20],"rates":[21],"women":[23],"can":[24],"be":[25],"reduced.":[26],"Because":[27],"manual":[28],"diagnosis":[31],"takes":[32],"a":[33,48,102,170],"long":[34],"time,":[35],"an":[36,186],"automated":[37],"system":[38],"required":[40],"for":[41,51,92],"early":[42],"detection.":[44],"This":[45],"paper":[46],"proposes":[47],"new":[49,171],"framework":[50,72,206],"classification":[54],"from":[55,133],"ultrasound":[56],"images":[57],"that":[58],"employs":[59],"deep":[60],"learning":[61,94,128,179],"and":[62,108,129,156,161,175,193],"fusion":[64],"best":[67,141,164,195],"selected":[68,144,165],"features.":[69],"The":[70,181],"proposed":[71,205],"divided":[74],"into":[75],"five":[76],"major":[77],"steps:":[78],"(i)":[79],"data":[80],"augmentation":[81],"performed":[83],"to":[84],"increase":[85],"size":[87],"original":[90],"dataset":[91,118],"better":[93],"Convolutional":[96],"Neural":[97],"Network":[98],"(CNN)":[99],"models;":[100],"(ii)":[101],"pre-trained":[103],"DarkNet-53":[104],"model":[105,123],"considered":[107],"output":[110],"layer":[111],"modified":[113,122],"based":[114],"on":[115,185],"augmented":[117,187],"classes;":[119],"(iii)":[120],"trained":[125],"using":[126,145,169,177],"transfer":[127],"features":[130,142,166],"are":[131,143,167],"extracted":[132],"global":[135],"average":[136],"pooling":[137],"layer;":[138],"(iv)":[139],"two":[146],"improved":[147],"optimization":[148],"algorithms":[149],"known":[150],"as":[151],"reformed":[152,157],"differential":[153],"evaluation":[154],"(RDE)":[155],"gray":[158],"wolf":[159],"(RGW);":[160],"(v)":[162],"fused":[168],"probability-based":[172],"serial":[173],"approach":[174],"classified":[176],"machine":[178],"algorithms.":[180],"experiment":[182],"was":[183,197],"conducted":[184],"Breast":[188],"Ultrasound":[189],"Images":[190],"(BUSI)":[191],"dataset,":[192],"accuracy":[196],"99.1%.":[198],"When":[199],"compared":[200],"with":[201],"recent":[202],"techniques,":[203],"outperforms":[207],"them.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":64},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":77},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":81},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":45}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}