{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206130861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030758","title":"Distributed Raman Amplification for Fiber Nonlinearity Compensation in a Mid-Link Optical Phase Conjugation System","display_name":"Distributed Raman Amplification for Fiber Nonlinearity Compensation in a Mid-Link Optical Phase Conjugation System","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206130861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030758","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35161505"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22030758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030758","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/758/pdf?version=1642758537","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/758/pdf?version=1642758537","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035975139","display_name":"Mingming Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0822-8160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingming Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0822-8160","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049679743","display_name":"Pawe\u0142 Rosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5945-0282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125529","display_name":"National Institute of Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03053v606","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125529"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pawe\u0142 Rosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Telecommunications, Szachowa 1, 04-894 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5945-0282","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Telecommunications, Szachowa 1, 04-894 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125529"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028879376","display_name":"T\u00fa Thanh Nguy\u1ec5n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-5734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tu T. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-5734","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062201172","display_name":"Mohammad Al-Khateeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1367-6777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad A. Z. Al-Khateeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087841374","display_name":"Md Asif Iqbal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7267-5865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Asif Iqbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046325978","display_name":"Tianhua Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5510-841X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianhua Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5510-841X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044579655","display_name":"Feng Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6751-4899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028853116","display_name":"Juan Diego Ania\u2010Casta\u00f1\u00f3n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0732-0512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087660","display_name":"Instituto de \u00d3ptica \"Daza de Vald\u00e9s\"","ror":"https://ror.org/002zef647","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210087660"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan D. Ania-Casta\u00f1\u00f3n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de \u00d3ptica \u201cDaza de Vald\u00e9s\u201d, 28006 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de \u00d3ptica \u201cDaza de Vald\u00e9s\u201d, 28006 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087660"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066288098","display_name":"A.D. Ellis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0417-0547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew D. Ellis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035975139","https://openalex.org/A5049679743"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633","https://openalex.org/I4210125529"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.116,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74424532,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"3","first_page":"758","last_page":"758"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raman-amplification","display_name":"Raman amplification","score":0.8772741556167603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/span","display_name":"Span (engineering)","score":0.6315421462059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raman-spectroscopy","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","score":0.5566977858543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-conjugation","display_name":"Phase conjugation","score":0.5342304706573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.495112806558609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.49081453680992126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-amplifier","display_name":"Optical amplifier","score":0.48130905628204346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.47798484563827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4337022304534912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-power","display_name":"Optical power","score":0.43076297640800476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.41948190331459045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3985036015510559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3913477957248688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raman-scattering","display_name":"Raman scattering","score":0.31984129548072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.30453795194625854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2123347520828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1800699234008789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.06731975078582764}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781393691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2129992","display_name":"Raman amplification","level":4,"score":0.8772741556167603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778753569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1960395","display_name":"Span (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6315421462059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40003534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862228","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.5566977858543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776201373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2993351","display_name":"Phase conjugation","level":3,"score":0.5342304706573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.495112806558609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.49081453680992126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101649071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359305","display_name":"Optical amplifier","level":3,"score":0.48130905628204346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.47798484563827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4337022304534912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191161701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q559265","display_name":"Optical power","level":3,"score":0.43076297640800476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41948190331459045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3985036015510559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3913477957248688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169573571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466824","display_name":"Raman scattering","level":3,"score":0.31984129548072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.30453795194625854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2123347520828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1800699234008789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.06731975078582764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22030758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030758","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/758/pdf?version=1642758537","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35161505","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35161505","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.aston.ac.uk:43492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.aston.ac.uk/view/author/e20a8ccdd0c5d49bea818e47c28eeffb.html>,","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400483","display_name":"Aston Publications Explorer (Aston University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","host_organization_name":"Aston University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:161990","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/262891","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10261/262891","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400616","display_name":"DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I134820265","host_organization_name":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"art\u00edculo"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:775d0957a2f54c019fcc0b5146ce2cc2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/775d0957a2f54c019fcc0b5146ce2cc2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 3, p 758 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/3/758/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 3; Pages: 758","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8838878","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8838878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22030758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030758","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/758/pdf?version=1642758537","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1643949827","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1805334174","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/V000969/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2262748287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2756349823","display_name":"All-Raman optical amplification for next Generation ultra-wideband Optical Networks (ARGON)","funder_award_id":"EP/V000969/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G300979063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3219925899","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3480869486","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G387506447","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4305436266","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","funder_display_name":"European Social Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4513155801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61975027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4687126700","display_name":"Photonic Phase Conjugation Systems (PHOS)","funder_award_id":"EP/S003436/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4823321952","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5080475149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5350379001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/S003436/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5450980072","display_name":"Transforming networks - building an intelligent optical infrastructure (TRANSNET)","funder_award_id":"EP/R035342/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5560776957","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5662792045","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5833785056","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"S016171","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6218905885","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","funder_display_name":"European Social Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6342549373","display_name":"EPSRC-SFI:Energy Efficient M Communication using Combs (EEMC)","funder_award_id":"EP/S016171/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7084143925","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7266728691","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7535663061","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8109005213","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/S016171/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8109566523","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R035342/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8888022036","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","funder_display_name":"European Social Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","display_name":"European Social Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206130861.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206130861.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973820194","https://openalex.org/W1977717953","https://openalex.org/W1987236392","https://openalex.org/W2002685702","https://openalex.org/W2007526951","https://openalex.org/W2030763993","https://openalex.org/W2035753111","https://openalex.org/W2058093129","https://openalex.org/W2067475691","https://openalex.org/W2089686619","https://openalex.org/W2091733914","https://openalex.org/W2111218834","https://openalex.org/W2126466050","https://openalex.org/W2129184945","https://openalex.org/W2147572370","https://openalex.org/W2151383850","https://openalex.org/W2158172521","https://openalex.org/W2216039210","https://openalex.org/W2232732695","https://openalex.org/W2285862030","https://openalex.org/W2296399582","https://openalex.org/W2315046074","https://openalex.org/W2318055617","https://openalex.org/W2327351963","https://openalex.org/W2331201142","https://openalex.org/W2472631172","https://openalex.org/W2486748220","https://openalex.org/W2511507147","https://openalex.org/W2548498351","https://openalex.org/W2560078645","https://openalex.org/W2582013053","https://openalex.org/W2585188371","https://openalex.org/W2588415556","https://openalex.org/W2726259963","https://openalex.org/W2726980403","https://openalex.org/W2772472286","https://openalex.org/W2778473752","https://openalex.org/W2782980192","https://openalex.org/W2795043405","https://openalex.org/W2797720684","https://openalex.org/W2809844778","https://openalex.org/W2895645201","https://openalex.org/W2900779376","https://openalex.org/W2937265754","https://openalex.org/W2980509175","https://openalex.org/W3007284415","https://openalex.org/W3008892184","https://openalex.org/W3021203005","https://openalex.org/W3086305781","https://openalex.org/W3111379804","https://openalex.org/W3189879447","https://openalex.org/W3197380173","https://openalex.org/W3202687846","https://openalex.org/W4246196365","https://openalex.org/W4248584810","https://openalex.org/W6635960340"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2463894775","https://openalex.org/W1786223282","https://openalex.org/W2051098688","https://openalex.org/W1612294696","https://openalex.org/W1591520028","https://openalex.org/W4229054622","https://openalex.org/W4250521978","https://openalex.org/W2160598716","https://openalex.org/W119322468","https://openalex.org/W2146631159"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,56],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,58],"review":[4],"different":[5,71],"designs":[6],"of":[7,64],"distributed":[8,44],"Raman":[9,45,72],"amplifiers":[10],"which":[11],"have":[12],"been":[13],"proposed":[14],"to":[15],"minimize":[16],"the":[17,31,37,49,60,65],"signal":[18,33],"power":[19,34],"profile":[20],"asymmetry":[21],"in":[22,48,74],"mid-link":[23,75],"optical":[24,76],"phase":[25,77],"conjugation":[26],"systems.":[27],"We":[28],"demonstrate":[29],"how":[30],"symmetrical":[32],"profiles":[35],"along":[36],"fiber":[38],"can":[39],"be":[40],"achieved":[41],"using":[42,85],"various":[43],"amplification":[46],"techniques":[47,73],"single-span":[50],"and":[51,80],"more":[52],"realistic":[53],"multi-span":[54],"circumstances.":[55],"addition,":[57],"show":[59],"theoretically":[61],"predicted":[62],"results":[63],"Kerr":[66],"nonlinear":[67],"product":[68],"reduction":[69],"with":[70],"conjugator":[78],"systems,":[79],"then":[81],"in-line/long-haul":[82],"transmission":[83],"performance":[84],"numerical":[86],"simulations.":[87]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}