{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205109092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22020612","title":"Radio Frequency over Fibre Optics Repeater for Mission-Critical Communications: Design, Execution and Test","display_name":"Radio Frequency over Fibre Optics Repeater for Mission-Critical Communications: Design, Execution and Test","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205109092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22020612","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35062568"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22020612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22020612","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/2/612/pdf?version=1642148870","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/2/612/pdf?version=1642148870","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088856514","display_name":"R\u0103zvan-George B\u0103rtu\u015fic\u0103","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3278-229X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152900","display_name":"Ministry of Youth and Sports","ror":"https://ror.org/04vm99k83","country_code":"RO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152900"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R\u0103zvan-George B\u0103rtu\u015fic\u0103","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research and Development Department, The Special Telecommunications Service, 060044 Bucharest, Romania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3278-229X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Development Department, The Special Telecommunications Service, 060044 Bucharest, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152900"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007431498","display_name":"M\u0103d\u0103lin Mihai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152900","display_name":"Ministry of Youth and Sports","ror":"https://ror.org/04vm99k83","country_code":"RO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152900"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M\u0103d\u0103lin Mihai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research and Development Department, The Special Telecommunications Service, 060044 Bucharest, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Development Department, The Special Telecommunications Service, 060044 Bucharest, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152900"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057547358","display_name":"Simona Halunga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7028-3921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61641377","display_name":"Universitatea Na\u021bional\u0103 de \u0218tiin\u021b\u0103 \u0219i Tehnologie Politehnica Bucure\u0219ti","ror":"https://ror.org/0558j5q12","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61641377"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Simona Halunga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucure\u0219ti, Romania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7028-3921","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucure\u0219ti, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61641377"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072602284","display_name":"Octavian Fratu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5679-9307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61641377","display_name":"Universitatea Na\u021bional\u0103 de \u0218tiin\u021b\u0103 \u0219i Tehnologie Politehnica Bucure\u0219ti","ror":"https://ror.org/0558j5q12","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61641377"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Octavian Fratu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucure\u0219ti, Romania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5679-9307","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucure\u0219ti, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61641377"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057547358","https://openalex.org/A5072602284"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61641377"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00304402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"2","first_page":"612","last_page":"612"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repeater","display_name":"Repeater (horology)","score":0.6483774185180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6400160193443298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.6339420080184937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5730291604995728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.5361305475234985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5090453028678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.4976661503314972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4409748911857605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.39931997656822205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3508571982383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09790438413619995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195545963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469803","display_name":"Repeater (horology)","level":3,"score":0.6483774185180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6400160193443298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.6339420080184937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5730291604995728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.5361305475234985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5090453028678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.4976661503314972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4409748911857605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.39931997656822205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3508571982383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09790438413619995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22020612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22020612","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/2/612/pdf?version=1642148870","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35062568","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35062568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8eb7c2516315418398e1788f44e36c8d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8eb7c2516315418398e1788f44e36c8d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 2, p 612 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/2/612/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22020612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 2; Pages: 612","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8779544","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8779544","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22020612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22020612","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/2/612/pdf?version=1642148870","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205109092.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022750604","https://openalex.org/W2030456685","https://openalex.org/W2116365372","https://openalex.org/W2168249927","https://openalex.org/W2488613534","https://openalex.org/W2741234678","https://openalex.org/W2741297881","https://openalex.org/W2777471424","https://openalex.org/W2897720159","https://openalex.org/W2901978708","https://openalex.org/W2902726161","https://openalex.org/W2910174198","https://openalex.org/W2924851033","https://openalex.org/W2935748872","https://openalex.org/W2951034485","https://openalex.org/W2975503025","https://openalex.org/W3002202917","https://openalex.org/W3017337478","https://openalex.org/W3165492112","https://openalex.org/W3197467976","https://openalex.org/W6773120355","https://openalex.org/W6775999231"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2548963335","https://openalex.org/W2159941915","https://openalex.org/W1995129237","https://openalex.org/W4365807906","https://openalex.org/W3160579719","https://openalex.org/W2157864637","https://openalex.org/W4223416141","https://openalex.org/W2546639359","https://openalex.org/W1922070205","https://openalex.org/W786653265"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,146],"presents":[2],"a":[3,18,174,211],"technical":[4],"solution":[5],"that":[6,49,67,154],"addresses":[7],"mission-critical":[8,39,90],"communications":[9],"by":[10,104,135],"extending":[11],"the":[12,25,32,36,84,121,124,196],"radio":[13,86,193],"frequency":[14],"coverage":[15,111,171],"area":[16],"using":[17,195],"flexible":[19,73],"and":[20,35,45,59,72,100,117,131,166,200,217],"scalable":[21],"architecture.":[22,74],"One":[23],"of":[24,123],"main":[26],"objectives":[27],"is":[28,101,112,147],"to":[29,158,168,189],"improve":[30],"both":[31,215],"reaction":[33],"time":[34],"coordination":[37],"between":[38],"practitioners,":[40],"also":[41],"called":[42],"public":[43],"protection":[44],"disaster":[46],"relief":[47],"users,":[48],"operate":[50],"in":[51,97,144,173,181],"emergency":[52],"scenarios.":[53],"Mission-critical":[54],"services":[55],"such":[56],"as":[57,92,184,207],"voice":[58],"data":[60],"should":[61,132],"benefit":[62],"from":[63],"reliable":[64],"communication":[65],"systems":[66],"offer":[68,156],"high":[69],"availability,":[70],"prioritization":[71],"In":[75],"this":[76,98,145],"paper,":[77],"we":[78],"considered":[79],"Terrestrial":[80],"Trunked":[81],"Radio":[82],"(TETRA),":[83],"mobile":[85,192],"standard":[87,153],"used":[88,103],"for":[89,151],"communications,":[91],"it":[93,185],"has":[94],"been":[95],"designed":[96,113],"respect":[99],"widely":[102],"first":[105],"responder":[106],"organizations.":[107],"Even":[108],"if":[109],"RF":[110],"before":[114],"network":[115],"deployment":[116,213],"continuously":[118],"updated":[119],"during":[120],"lifetime":[122],"technology,":[125],"some":[126],"white":[127],"areas":[128],"may":[129],"exist":[130],"be":[133,187],"covered":[134],"supplementary":[136],"base":[137],"stations":[138],"or":[139],"repeaters.":[140],"The":[141,179],"model":[142],"presented":[143],"an":[148],"optical":[149],"repeater":[150],"TETRA":[152],"can":[155,186,209],"up":[157,167],"52.6":[159],"dB":[160,163],"downlink,":[161],"65.6":[162],"uplink":[164],"gain":[165],"3.71":[169],"km":[170],"distance":[172],"radiating":[175],"cable":[176],"installation":[177],"scenario.":[178],"design":[180],"not":[182],"limited,":[183],"extended":[188],"several":[190],"different":[191],"standards":[194],"same":[197],"principle.":[198],"Flexibility":[199],"scalability":[201],"attributes":[202],"are":[203],"taken":[204],"into":[205],"consideration,":[206],"they":[208],"build":[210],"cost-effective":[212],"considering":[214],"capital":[216],"operational":[218],"expenditures.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}