{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200079862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22010047","title":"Rapid Test Method for Multi-Beam Profile of Phased Array Antennas","display_name":"Rapid Test Method for Multi-Beam Profile of Phased Array Antennas","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200079862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22010047","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35009585"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22010047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22010047","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/1/47/pdf?version=1640250758","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/1/47/pdf?version=1640250758","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015801840","display_name":"Qingchun Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2961-3276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingchun Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2961-3276","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101547454","display_name":"Yantao Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yantao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046347508","display_name":"Yihong Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0564-5046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yihong Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Frontier Academic Center, Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518102, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frontier Academic Center, Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518102, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047225984","display_name":"Ye Pu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5924-0859"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pu Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Test Systems Inc., Shenzhen 518102, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Test Systems Inc., Shenzhen 518102, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077207569","display_name":"Francesco de Paulis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5613-2454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco de Paulis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L\u2019Aquila, 64100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, 64100 L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5613-2454","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L\u2019Aquila, 64100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, 64100 L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103115005","display_name":"Lie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2428-5827"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Test Systems Inc., Shenzhen 518102, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2428-5827","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Test Systems Inc., Shenzhen 518102, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101547454"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.1896,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93300736,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"47","last_page":"47"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11851","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.7799782752990723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.6156406402587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5850708484649658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-lobe","display_name":"Side lobe","score":0.5383620858192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.5017929077148438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupling","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","score":0.4921707510948181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.487457275390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-steering","display_name":"Beam steering","score":0.481035053730011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/main-lobe","display_name":"Main lobe","score":0.45827317237854004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4540943503379822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.43076905608177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38037407398223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.29773250222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26502734422683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15004947781562805}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.7799782752990723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.6156406402587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5850708484649658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181856588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2040092","display_name":"Side lobe","level":3,"score":0.5383620858192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.5017929077148438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.4921707510948181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.487457275390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.481035053730011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166923610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6673925","display_name":"Main lobe","level":3,"score":0.45827317237854004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4540943503379822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.43076905608177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38037407398223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.29773250222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26502734422683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15004947781562805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22010047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22010047","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/1/47/pdf?version=1640250758","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35009585","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35009585","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f807c092e87344b69568a5da78278103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f807c092e87344b69568a5da78278103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 1, p 47 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/1/47/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22010047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 1; Pages: 47","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8747158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8747158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22010047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22010047","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/1/47/pdf?version=1640250758","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327471","display_name":"China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200079862.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200079862.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1186261599","https://openalex.org/W2058213091","https://openalex.org/W2064565490","https://openalex.org/W2069460431","https://openalex.org/W2074933554","https://openalex.org/W2105519295","https://openalex.org/W2105994574","https://openalex.org/W2123203826","https://openalex.org/W2137201359","https://openalex.org/W2281588363","https://openalex.org/W2284809863","https://openalex.org/W2304606532","https://openalex.org/W2312268666","https://openalex.org/W2361076733","https://openalex.org/W2545710207","https://openalex.org/W2557259169","https://openalex.org/W2570154516","https://openalex.org/W2620863765","https://openalex.org/W2789537641","https://openalex.org/W2911109200","https://openalex.org/W2989627219","https://openalex.org/W3019542556","https://openalex.org/W3041716063","https://openalex.org/W3160730408","https://openalex.org/W3168269442","https://openalex.org/W3212692628","https://openalex.org/W6767286603","https://openalex.org/W6996742650"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2596019918","https://openalex.org/W2936835676","https://openalex.org/W2574979941","https://openalex.org/W2602348733","https://openalex.org/W2185261797","https://openalex.org/W2480367058","https://openalex.org/W2540782602","https://openalex.org/W1989061660","https://openalex.org/W1967357416","https://openalex.org/W2389301830"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,123],"measurement":[1,69],"of":[2,25,52,71,86,117,131,156,165],"the":[3,12,26,34,40,47,68,75,87,104,109,118,154,157,162,166],"phased":[4,167],"array":[5,77,168],"antenna":[6,169],"(PAA)":[7],"is":[8,63,159],"completely":[9],"different":[10],"from":[11],"traditional":[13,41],"antenna,":[14],"due":[15,102],"to":[16,103],"its":[17],"multi":[18],"beam":[19,23,90,100,132],"patterns.":[20],"Usually,":[21],"each":[22],"pattern":[24,60,91],"PAA":[27,54,120],"needs":[28],"a":[29,59,98],"separate":[30],"measurement,":[31],"which":[32,65],"makes":[33],"overall":[35],"time":[36,70],"extremely":[37],"long.":[38],"Thus,":[39],"method":[42,62,158],"can":[43,92,170],"no":[44],"longer":[45],"meet":[46],"efficiency":[48,164],"and":[49,81,113,137,139,152,161],"cost":[50],"requirements":[51],"new":[53],"measurement.":[55],"In":[56],"this":[57],"paper,":[58],"reconstruction":[61,127],"proposed":[64],"significantly":[66],"reduce":[67],"multi-beam":[72],"PAAs.":[73],"With":[74],"known":[76],"element":[78,105],"patterns":[79,141],"(AEP)":[80],"theoretical":[82,150],"weighted":[83],"port":[84],"excitation":[85,106],"beams,":[88],"any":[89],"be":[93,171],"predicted":[94],"by":[95,173],"measuring":[96],"only":[97],"certain":[99],"pattern,":[101],"coefficient":[107],"(including":[108],"matching,":[110],"mutual":[111],"coupling,":[112],"manufacturing":[114],"factors,":[115],"etc.)":[116],"specific":[119],"being":[121,143],"calculated.":[122],"approach":[124],"has":[125],"low":[126],"error":[128],"in":[129],"term":[130],"pointing":[133],"accuracy,":[134],"side":[135],"lobe,":[136],"co-polar":[138],"cross-polar":[140],"while":[142],"validated":[144],"for":[145],"large":[146],"scanning":[147],"range.":[148],"Through":[149],"derivation":[151],"experiments,":[153],"effectiveness":[155],"verified,":[160],"testing":[163],"improved":[172],"10":[174],"times":[175],"or":[176],"even":[177],"more.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}