{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200592219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21248347","title":"Implementation of Speed-Efficient Key-Scheduling Process of AES for Secure Storage and Transmission of Data","display_name":"Implementation of Speed-Efficient Key-Scheduling Process of AES for Secure Storage and Transmission of Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200592219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21248347","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34960447"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21248347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21248347","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/24/8347/pdf?version=1639486014","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/24/8347/pdf?version=1639486014","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113977165","display_name":"Thanikodi Manoj Kumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65220239","display_name":"Karpagam Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/00ssvzv66","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65220239"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thanikodi Manoj Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Karpagam Institute of Technology, Coimbatore 641105, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Karpagam Institute of Technology, Coimbatore 641105, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65220239"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019222214","display_name":"Kavitha Rani Balmuri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1943-8104"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kavitha Rani Balmuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, CMR Technical Campus, Hyderabad 501401, Telangana, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, CMR Technical Campus, Hyderabad 501401, Telangana, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082187199","display_name":"Adam Marchewka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0651-3208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1300393620","display_name":"Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049eq0c58","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1300393620"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I686019","display_name":"AGH University of Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/00bas1c41","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adam Marchewka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Telecommunications, Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0651-3208","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Telecommunications, Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1300393620","https://openalex.org/I686019"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Parameshachari Bidare Divakarachari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-5070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137436","display_name":"JSS Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mnmkz07","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137436"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parameshachari Bidare Divakarachari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Telecommunication Engineering, GSSS Institute of Engineering and Technology for Women, Mysuru 570016, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-5070","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telecommunication Engineering, GSSS Institute of Engineering and Technology for Women, Mysuru 570016, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137436"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101435776","display_name":"Srinivas Konda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-0503"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srinivas Konda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science Engineering, CMR Technical Campus, Kandlakoya, Hyderabad 501401, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-0503","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science Engineering, CMR Technical Campus, Kandlakoya, Hyderabad 501401, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082187199"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1300393620","https://openalex.org/I686019"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2376},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2376},"fwci":0.8413,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79603207,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"24","first_page":"8347","last_page":"8347"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-encryption-standard","display_name":"Advanced Encryption Standard","score":0.7285027503967285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7215889692306519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6899024844169617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5797847509384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aes-implementations","display_name":"AES implementations","score":0.5070788860321045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4918529987335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.45738333463668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4452817142009735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.18484750390052795}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94520183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190746","display_name":"Advanced Encryption Standard","level":3,"score":0.7285027503967285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7215889692306519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6899024844169617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5797847509384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46331935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4651362","display_name":"AES implementations","level":4,"score":0.5070788860321045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4918529987335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.45738333463668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4452817142009735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.18484750390052795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21248347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21248347","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/24/8347/pdf?version=1639486014","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34960447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34960447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8706429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8706429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9f50fbf1160a4f6fb7fbd59b3d80b6a3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9f50fbf1160a4f6fb7fbd59b3d80b6a3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 24, p 8347 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21248347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21248347","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/24/8347/pdf?version=1639486014","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200592219.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200592219.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W833117353","https://openalex.org/W1002902646","https://openalex.org/W1574152777","https://openalex.org/W2034282686","https://openalex.org/W2036527636","https://openalex.org/W2196715485","https://openalex.org/W2301472760","https://openalex.org/W2303355851","https://openalex.org/W2314834867","https://openalex.org/W2467547309","https://openalex.org/W2478596038","https://openalex.org/W2565470772","https://openalex.org/W2747441544","https://openalex.org/W2750858703","https://openalex.org/W2763527907","https://openalex.org/W2767520126","https://openalex.org/W2788364373","https://openalex.org/W2788589889","https://openalex.org/W2809520845","https://openalex.org/W2883417173","https://openalex.org/W2885620328","https://openalex.org/W2890806396","https://openalex.org/W2897523144","https://openalex.org/W2916812477","https://openalex.org/W2943872645","https://openalex.org/W2945615927","https://openalex.org/W2979494553","https://openalex.org/W2996904006","https://openalex.org/W2998817456","https://openalex.org/W2998842410","https://openalex.org/W2999298076","https://openalex.org/W3002407960","https://openalex.org/W3004232946","https://openalex.org/W3015162172","https://openalex.org/W3025268656","https://openalex.org/W3045943134","https://openalex.org/W3084299154","https://openalex.org/W3084828086","https://openalex.org/W3092921535","https://openalex.org/W3096033756","https://openalex.org/W3103728101","https://openalex.org/W3124599432","https://openalex.org/W3128232958","https://openalex.org/W3135602980","https://openalex.org/W3154341996","https://openalex.org/W3157916761","https://openalex.org/W3180123331","https://openalex.org/W3189534778","https://openalex.org/W3194093111","https://openalex.org/W3194724601","https://openalex.org/W6659065834","https://openalex.org/W6698622641","https://openalex.org/W6748201957","https://openalex.org/W6753043915","https://openalex.org/W6777464553"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2161048573","https://openalex.org/W4248712873","https://openalex.org/W1703859826","https://openalex.org/W2392288291","https://openalex.org/W2393941228","https://openalex.org/W3208859339","https://openalex.org/W3121248233","https://openalex.org/W2348789984","https://openalex.org/W1982350175","https://openalex.org/W1998454494"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nowadays,":[0],"a":[1,17,35,79],"large":[2],"number":[3],"of":[4,56,93,99,110,119,128,136,172,180,211],"digital":[5],"data":[6,14],"are":[7,64,121,205],"transmitted":[8],"worldwide":[9],"using":[10,47,159,216],"wireless":[11],"communications.":[12],"Therefore,":[13],"security":[15],"is":[16,34,52,104,155,176],"significant":[18,80],"task":[19],"in":[20,54,66,140],"communication":[21],"to":[22,71,82,89,106,207],"prevent":[23],"cybercrimes":[24],"and":[25,58,61,157,187,203],"avoid":[26],"information":[27],"loss.":[28],"The":[29,96,131,151,165,190,213],"Advanced":[30],"Encryption":[31],"Standard":[32],"(AES)":[33],"highly":[36],"efficient":[37,53],"secure":[38],"mechanism":[39],"that":[40],"outperforms":[41],"other":[42],"symmetric":[43],"key":[44,86,100],"cryptographic":[45],"algorithms":[46],"message":[48],"secrecy.":[49],"However,":[50],"AES":[51,69,84,120,192],"terms":[55],"software":[57],"hardware":[59,117,184],"implementation,":[60],"numerous":[62],"modifications":[63],"done":[65],"the":[67,73,83,91,108,111,116,125,137,144,148,160,173,209,226],"conventional":[68,149],"architecture":[70,103,133,154,175],"improve":[72,107],"performance.":[74],"This":[75],"research":[76],"article":[77],"proposes":[78],"modification":[81],"architecture's":[85],"expansion":[87,101],"section":[88],"increase":[90],"speed":[92,109],"producing":[94],"subkeys.":[95],"fork-join":[97],"model":[98],"(FJMKE)":[102],"developed":[105],"subkey":[112],"generation":[113],"process,":[114],"whereas":[115],"resources":[118],"minimized":[122],"by":[123,147,178],"avoiding":[124],"frequent":[126],"computation":[127],"secret":[129],"keys.":[130],"AES-FJMKE":[132,153,174,214],"generates":[134],"all":[135],"required":[138,146],"subkeys":[139],"less":[141],"than":[142,225],"half":[143],"time":[145],"architecture.":[150],"proposed":[152],"designed":[156],"simulated":[158],"Xilinx":[161],"ISE":[162],"5.1":[163],"software.":[164],"Field":[166],"Programmable":[167],"Gate":[168],"Arrays":[169],"(FPGAs)":[170],"behaviour":[171],"analysed":[177],"means":[179],"performance":[181],"count":[182],"for":[183],"resources,":[185],"delay,":[186],"operating":[188],"frequency.":[189],"existing":[191],"architectures":[193],"such":[194],"as":[195],"typical":[196],"AES,":[197],"AES-PNSG,":[198],"AES-AT,":[199],"AES-BE,":[200],"ISAES,":[201],"AES-RS,":[202],"AES-MPPRM":[204],"used":[206,220],"evaluate":[208],"efficiency":[210],"AES-FJMKE.":[212],"implemented":[215],"Spartan":[217],"6":[218],"FPGA":[219],"fewer":[221],"slices":[222],"(i.e.,":[223],"76)":[224],"AES-RS.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}