{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3217726993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21237923","title":"Assessment of ROI Selection for Facial Video-Based rPPG","display_name":"Assessment of ROI Selection for Facial Video-Based rPPG","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3217726993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21237923","mag":"3217726993","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34883926"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21237923","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21237923","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/23/7923/pdf?version=1638246358","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/23/7923/pdf?version=1638246358","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103171406","display_name":"Daeyeol Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3242-1902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161024014","display_name":"Kwangwoon University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e9zc863","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dae-Yeol Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea","Tvstorm, Sunghyun Building, 255 Hyorung-to, Secho-gu, Seoul 13875, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3242-1902","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tvstorm, Sunghyun Building, 255 Hyorung-to, Secho-gu, Seoul 13875, Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039465488","display_name":"Kwangkee Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5382-6912"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kwangkee Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tvstorm, Sunghyun Building, 255 Hyorung-to, Secho-gu, Seoul 13875, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5382-6912","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tvstorm, Sunghyun Building, 255 Hyorung-to, Secho-gu, Seoul 13875, Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058582881","display_name":"Chae-Bong Sohn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9584-7930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161024014","display_name":"Kwangwoon University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e9zc863","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chae-Bong Sohn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9584-7930","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039465488","https://openalex.org/A5058582881"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":3.886,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.944672,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"23","first_page":"7923","last_page":"7923"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7181253433227539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6511334776878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6509523391723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6324479579925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/region-of-interest","display_name":"Region of interest","score":0.595578670501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5802454352378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5702962875366211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5341260433197021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.48249125480651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4400232136249542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","score":0.4100210666656494}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7181253433227539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6511334776878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6509523391723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6324479579925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19609008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2138203","display_name":"Region of interest","level":2,"score":0.595578670501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5802454352378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5702962875366211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5341260433197021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.48249125480651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4400232136249542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.4100210666656494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005145","descriptor_name":"Face","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005145","descriptor_name":"Face","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005145","descriptor_name":"Face","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21237923","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21237923","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/23/7923/pdf?version=1638246358","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34883926","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34883926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:240207dd9e3646f59a103b25757b30dc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/240207dd9e3646f59a103b25757b30dc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 23, p 7923 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/23/7923/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21237923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 23; Pages: 7923","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8659899","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8659899","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21237923","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21237923","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/23/7923/pdf?version=1638246358","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2930267176","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021-0-00900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3596602730","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021-0-00900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3217726993.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3217726993.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984554603","https://openalex.org/W1998391547","https://openalex.org/W2003922338","https://openalex.org/W2022351629","https://openalex.org/W2044935899","https://openalex.org/W2061815871","https://openalex.org/W2069692225","https://openalex.org/W2095652584","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2267074947","https://openalex.org/W2294700151","https://openalex.org/W2424269919","https://openalex.org/W2484136257","https://openalex.org/W2513140567","https://openalex.org/W2520509592","https://openalex.org/W2729002305","https://openalex.org/W2763432708","https://openalex.org/W2766766681","https://openalex.org/W2893758214","https://openalex.org/W2922049507","https://openalex.org/W3107875635","https://openalex.org/W3111796217","https://openalex.org/W3137020077","https://openalex.org/W3145895122","https://openalex.org/W3155041016","https://openalex.org/W3164606011","https://openalex.org/W3181856202","https://openalex.org/W4376626176","https://openalex.org/W6655867299","https://openalex.org/W6725923168","https://openalex.org/W6793131430"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2732360296","https://openalex.org/W1994871954","https://openalex.org/W4297152434","https://openalex.org/W2072858761","https://openalex.org/W1540261775","https://openalex.org/W4200107443","https://openalex.org/W4239033438","https://openalex.org/W1968279762","https://openalex.org/W4318970012","https://openalex.org/W2170552210"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,55,78],"general,":[1],"facial":[2,103,199],"image-based":[3,200],"remote":[4],"photoplethysmography":[5],"(rPPG)":[6],"methods":[7,15],"use":[8],"color-based":[9],"and":[10,23,117,122,129,161,164],"patch-based":[11],"region-of-interest":[12],"(ROI)":[13],"selection":[14],"to":[16,81,146,180],"estimate":[17],"the":[18,29,32,41,44,75,83,89,92,120,158,166,169,181,187,191],"blood":[19],"volume":[20],"pulse":[21],"(BVP)":[22],"beats":[24],"per":[25],"minute":[26],"(BPM).":[27],"Anatomically,":[28],"thickness":[30,87],"of":[31,40,85,91,134,168,190],"skin":[33,86],"is":[34],"not":[35,69],"uniform":[36],"in":[37,52],"all":[38],"areas":[39],"face,":[42],"so":[43],"same":[45],"diffuse":[46],"reflection":[47],"information":[48],"cannot":[49],"be":[50,194],"obtained":[51],"each":[53],"area.":[54],"recent":[56],"years,":[57],"various":[58],"studies":[59],"have":[60],"presented":[61,165],"experimental":[62],"results":[63],"for":[64,74],"their":[65],"ROIs":[66],"but":[67],"did":[68],"provide":[70],"a":[71,141,148,198],"valid":[72],"rationale":[73],"proposed":[76,140,170],"regions.":[77,104,138],"this":[79],"paper,":[80],"see":[82],"effect":[84],"on":[88,99,157],"accuracy":[90,178],"rPPG":[93,201],"algorithm,":[94],"we":[95],"conducted":[96,154],"an":[97],"experiment":[98],"39":[100,135],"anatomically":[101,136],"divided":[102],"Experiments":[105],"were":[106],"performed":[107],"with":[108,150],"seven":[109],"algorithms":[110],"(CHROM,":[111],"GREEN,":[112],"ICA,":[113],"PBV,":[114],"POS,":[115],"SSR,":[116],"LGI)":[118],"using":[119],"UBFC-rPPG":[121],"LGI-PPGI":[123],"datasets":[124],"considering":[125],"29":[126],"selected":[127],"regions":[128,132,160,163,174],"two":[130],"adjusted":[131],"out":[133],"classified":[137],"We":[139,153],"BVP":[142],"similarity":[143],"evaluation":[144],"metric":[145],"find":[147],"region":[149],"high":[151,177],"accuracy.":[152],"additional":[155],"experiments":[156],"TOP-5":[159,173],"BOT-5":[162],"validity":[167],"ROIs.":[171],"The":[172],"showed":[175],"relatively":[176],"compared":[179],"previous":[182],"algorithm's":[183],"ROI,":[184],"suggesting":[185],"that":[186],"anatomical":[188],"characteristics":[189],"ROI":[192],"should":[193],"considered":[195],"when":[196],"developing":[197],"algorithm.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
