{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3206461881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21216953","title":"Manufacturing and Characterization of Three-Axis Magnetic Sensors Using the Standard 180 nm CMOS Technology","display_name":"Manufacturing and Characterization of Three-Axis Magnetic Sensors Using the Standard 180 nm CMOS Technology","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3206461881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21216953","mag":"3206461881","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34770260"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21216953","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21216953","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/6953/pdf?version=1634873025","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/6953/pdf?version=1634873025","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027050519","display_name":"Chi\u2010Han Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162838928","display_name":"National Chung Hsing University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vn3ca78","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi-Han Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069876826","display_name":"Po\u2010Jen Shih","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8726-9998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Po-Jen Shih","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8726-9998","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029638552","display_name":"Yao-Chuan Tsai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2992-8614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162838928","display_name":"National Chung Hsing University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vn3ca78","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao-Chuan Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bio-Industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2992-8614","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bio-Industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005155364","display_name":"Ching\u2010Liang Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-7363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162838928","display_name":"National Chung Hsing University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vn3ca78","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ching-Liang Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005155364"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.7117,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70296962,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"21","first_page":"6953","last_page":"6953"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12692","display_name":"Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12692","display_name":"Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.7871290445327759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.7676750421524048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.6656402349472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.508126974105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.41265520453453064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38764458894729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytical-chemistry","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score":0.344135582447052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3239978551864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24742868542671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.16460677981376648}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.7871290445327759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.7676750421524048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.6656402349472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.508126974105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.41265520453453064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38764458894729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.344135582447052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3239978551864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24742868542671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.16460677981376648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D010087","descriptor_name":"Oxides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010087","descriptor_name":"Oxides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010087","descriptor_name":"Oxides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012666","descriptor_name":"Semiconductors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012666","descriptor_name":"Semiconductors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012666","descriptor_name":"Semiconductors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21216953","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21216953","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/6953/pdf?version=1634873025","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34770260","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34770260","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b1edba1b0a1e439a8a7ab9f27f5e7393","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b1edba1b0a1e439a8a7ab9f27f5e7393","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 21, p 6953 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/21/6953/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21216953","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 21; Pages: 6953","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8587165","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8587165","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21216953","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21216953","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/6953/pdf?version=1634873025","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1929281962","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 110-2221-E-005-047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3206461881.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3206461881.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1864516385","https://openalex.org/W1974416521","https://openalex.org/W1993196856","https://openalex.org/W2020360707","https://openalex.org/W2025179016","https://openalex.org/W2028762890","https://openalex.org/W2030907956","https://openalex.org/W2031739436","https://openalex.org/W2093739262","https://openalex.org/W2095318639","https://openalex.org/W2109396631","https://openalex.org/W2115802331","https://openalex.org/W2118751963","https://openalex.org/W2240515529","https://openalex.org/W2262675201","https://openalex.org/W2311898176","https://openalex.org/W2518749498","https://openalex.org/W2560871202","https://openalex.org/W2742427111","https://openalex.org/W2772999473","https://openalex.org/W2782554218","https://openalex.org/W2791243815","https://openalex.org/W2885228084","https://openalex.org/W2888570606","https://openalex.org/W2923550799","https://openalex.org/W2969731017","https://openalex.org/W2980625808","https://openalex.org/W2999356885","https://openalex.org/W3080535643","https://openalex.org/W3136208481","https://openalex.org/W3171846842","https://openalex.org/W6690327946"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3014521742","https://openalex.org/W2617868873","https://openalex.org/W3204141294","https://openalex.org/W4386230336","https://openalex.org/W4306968100","https://openalex.org/W2464627195","https://openalex.org/W2171986175","https://openalex.org/W2109445684","https://openalex.org/W2081082331"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"three-axis":[1],"micro":[2],"magnetic":[3,24,60],"sensor":[4],"(MS)":[5],"is":[6,41,65,76,119],"developed":[7],"based":[8],"on":[9],"the":[10,56,70,90,96,99,106,109,116,123,129,136],"standard":[11],"180":[12],"nm":[13],"complementary":[14],"metal":[15],"oxide":[16],"semiconductor":[17],"(CMOS)":[18],"technology.":[19],"The":[20,39,63,73,101,111],"MS":[21,117],"designs":[22,81],"two":[23,79],"sensing":[25,91],"elements":[26],"(MSEs),":[27],"which":[28,75],"consists":[29],"of":[30,98,108],"an":[31,34,44,47],"x/y-MSE":[32,40],"and":[33,46,58,93,132],"z-MSE,":[35],"to":[36,53,67,88,94],"reduce":[37],"cross-sensitivity.":[38],"constructed":[42,77],"by":[43,78],"x-MSE":[45],"y-MSE":[48],"that":[49,85,115],"are":[50,86],"respectively":[51],"employed":[52,87],"detect":[54],"in":[55,69,122,128,135],"x-":[57],"y-direction":[59,130],"field":[61],"(MF).":[62],"z-MSE":[64],"used":[66],"sense":[68],"z-direction":[71],"MF.":[72,138],"x/y-MSE,":[74],"magnetotransistors,":[80],"four":[82],"additional":[83],"collectors":[84],"increase":[89],"current":[92],"enhance":[95],"sensitivity":[97,118],"MS.":[100,110],"Sentaurus":[102],"TCAD":[103],"software":[104],"simulates":[105],"characteristic":[107],"measured":[112],"results":[113],"reveal":[114],"534":[120],"mV/T":[121,127,134],"x-direction":[124],"MF,":[125],"525":[126],"MF":[131],"119":[133],"z-axis":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
