{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3204432078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196590","title":"On the Use of Ridge Gap Waveguide Technology for the Design of Transverse Stub Resonant Antenna Arrays","display_name":"On the Use of Ridge Gap Waveguide Technology for the Design of Transverse Stub Resonant Antenna Arrays","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3204432078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196590","mag":"3204432078","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34640910"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21196590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196590","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/19/6590/pdf?version=1633747092","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/19/6590/pdf?version=1633747092","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081650970","display_name":"Javier Benavides-Vazquez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3471-1471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37446213","display_name":"Indra (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/00vpq6g39","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37446213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Javier Benavides-Vazquez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indra Sistemas, S.A., 28850 Torrejon de Ardoz, Spain","Signal Theory and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganes, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3471-1471","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indra Sistemas, S.A., 28850 Torrejon de Ardoz, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37446213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Theory and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganes, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080432808","display_name":"Jos\u00e9\u2010Luis V\u00e1zquez\u2010Roy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3946-8095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose-Luis Vazquez-Roy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Theory and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganes, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3946-8095","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Theory and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganes, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087326931","display_name":"Eva Rajo\u2010Iglesias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-9802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eva Rajo-Iglesias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Theory and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganes, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-9802","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Theory and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganes, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081650970"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37446213","https://openalex.org/I50357001"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.2034,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51986216,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"19","first_page":"6590","last_page":"6590"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stub","display_name":"Stub (electronics)","score":0.8930753469467163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transverse-plane","display_name":"Transverse plane","score":0.7394025325775146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.47582152485847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.41772350668907166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-waveguide-antenna","display_name":"Beam waveguide antenna","score":0.4108910858631134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.38448843359947205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.35780635476112366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.346502423286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.34282243251800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.34049010276794434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3371579349040985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.32823583483695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coaxial-antenna","display_name":"Coaxial antenna","score":0.24937066435813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-pattern","display_name":"Radiation pattern","score":0.24325916171073914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.15947765111923218}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63676506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3976238","display_name":"Stub (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.8930753469467163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154954056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1604164","display_name":"Transverse plane","level":2,"score":0.7394025325775146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.47582152485847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.41772350668907166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66999923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876195","display_name":"Beam waveguide antenna","level":5,"score":0.4108910858631134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.38448843359947205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.35780635476112366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.346502423286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34282243251800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.34049010276794434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3371579349040985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.32823583483695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93130614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5138671","display_name":"Coaxial antenna","level":4,"score":0.24937066435813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.24325916171073914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.15947765111923218}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018594","descriptor_name":"Human Body","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018594","descriptor_name":"Human Body","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018594","descriptor_name":"Human Body","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059015","descriptor_name":"Wireless Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059015","descriptor_name":"Wireless Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059015","descriptor_name":"Wireless Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21196590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196590","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/19/6590/pdf?version=1633747092","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34640910","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34640910","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:298fa0212f1f4e37b86a51a2556abad3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/298fa0212f1f4e37b86a51a2556abad3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 19, p 6590 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:e-archivo.uc3m.es:10016/35217","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10016/35217","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400817","display_name":"e-Archivo (Carlos III University of Madrid)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","host_organization_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/19/6590/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 19; Pages: 6590","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8512434","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8512434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21196590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196590","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/19/6590/pdf?version=1633747092","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7635277839","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2019-107688RB-C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8684520763","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323823","display_name":"Universidad de Oviedo","ror":"https://ror.org/006gksa02"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3204432078.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3204432078.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1922997245","https://openalex.org/W1944776650","https://openalex.org/W1963878141","https://openalex.org/W2080000128","https://openalex.org/W2116472603","https://openalex.org/W2123359922","https://openalex.org/W2130030823","https://openalex.org/W2142943591","https://openalex.org/W2143066024","https://openalex.org/W2355796413","https://openalex.org/W2411772325","https://openalex.org/W2623180981","https://openalex.org/W2884212466","https://openalex.org/W2900309902","https://openalex.org/W2903265175","https://openalex.org/W3040984296"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009690834","https://openalex.org/W3009629984","https://openalex.org/W2083018210","https://openalex.org/W2034190947","https://openalex.org/W4243904668","https://openalex.org/W3029176547","https://openalex.org/W41357941","https://openalex.org/W2330819653","https://openalex.org/W4381093969","https://openalex.org/W278006355"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,80],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"some":[3,66],"considerations":[4],"on":[5],"the":[6,14,34,56,60,104,108,112,115,125,141,147,151,154,159,165,205,217,221],"design":[7],"of":[8,13,16,33,48,77,107,114,153,164,175,204,231,237],"a":[9,17,31,39,74,92,97,120,128,132,171,179,235],"novel":[10],"antenna":[11,116,126,155,166],"consisting":[12],"combination":[15,47,75],"transverse":[18,105],"stubs":[19],"(TS)":[20],"array":[21],"excited":[22],"by":[23],"Ridge":[24],"Gap":[25],"Waveguides":[26],"(RGWs),":[27],"as":[28,30,55,150],"well":[29],"discussion":[32],"experimental":[35],"results":[36],"obtained":[37],"from":[38],"prototype":[40,188],"that":[41,69,243],"was":[42],"manufactured":[43,190],"and":[44,178,191,195,234],"measured.":[45],"A":[46,135,187,228],"Continuous":[49],"Transverse":[50],"Stubs":[51],"(CTSs)":[52],"is":[53,81,117,123,156,189],"used":[54],"starting":[57],"point.":[58],"Subsequently,":[59],"CTSs":[61],"are":[62],"modified":[63],"to":[64,85,99,202,220,225],"include":[65],"metallic":[67],"blockers":[68],"split":[70],"each":[71,87],"CTS":[72],"into":[73],"(array)":[76],"shorter":[78],"TSs.":[79],"performed":[82],"in":[83,103,146,158,212],"order":[84],"excite":[86],"individual":[88],"TS":[89,109],"column":[90],"using":[91,140],"different":[93],"RGW;":[94],"thus,":[95],"ensuring":[96],"close":[98],"uniform":[100],"field":[101],"distribution":[102],"plane":[106],"arrays.":[110],"Hence,":[111],"directivity":[113,223],"increased.":[118],"As":[119],"series-feed":[121],"configuration":[122],"considered,":[124],"keeps":[127],"resonant":[129],"behaviour,":[130],"having":[131],"narrow-band":[133],"response.":[134],"Corporate":[136],"Feeding":[137],"Network":[138],"(CFN)":[139],"aforementioned":[142],"RGW":[143],"technology":[144],"placed":[145],"same":[148],"layer":[149],"rest":[152],"included":[157],"design.":[160],"The":[161,193],"radiating":[162],"area":[163],"is,":[167,239],"finally,":[168,240],"5.88\u03bb0\u00d77.12\u03bb0":[169],"with":[170,207],"simulated":[172,194],"peak":[173],"gain":[174,236],"26.2":[176],"dBi":[177],"Side":[180],"Lobe":[181],"Level":[182],"(SLL)":[183],"below":[184],"-13":[185],"dB.":[186],"tested.":[192],"measured":[196],"radiation":[197],"patterns":[198],"maintain":[199],"similar":[200,209],"shapes":[201],"those":[203],"simulations,":[206],"very":[208],"angular":[210],"widths":[211],"both":[213],"main":[214],"planes,":[215],"although":[216],"frequency":[218],"corresponding":[219],"highest":[222],"changes":[224],"31.8":[226],"GHz.":[227],"matching":[229],"bandwidth":[230],"517":[232],"MHz":[233],"24.5":[238],"achieved":[241],"at":[242],"frequency.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
