{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3200887780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21186288","title":"Improving the Event-Based Classification Accuracy in Pit-Drilling Operations: An Application by Neural Networks and Median Filtering of the Acceleration Input Signal Data","display_name":"Improving the Event-Based Classification Accuracy in Pit-Drilling Operations: An Application by Neural Networks and Median Filtering of the Acceleration Input Signal Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3200887780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21186288","mag":"3200887780","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34577496"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21186288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21186288","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/18/6288/pdf?version=1632135200","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/18/6288/pdf?version=1632135200","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045882134","display_name":"Sarahi Nicole Castro P\u00e9rez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3123573182","display_name":"Transylvania University of Bra\u0219ov","ror":"https://ror.org/01cg9ws23","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3123573182"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarahi Nicole Castro P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Engineering, Forest Management Planning and Terrestrial Measurements, Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, \u015eirul Beethoven 1, 500123 Brasov, Romania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Engineering, Forest Management Planning and Terrestrial Measurements, Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, \u015eirul Beethoven 1, 500123 Brasov, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3123573182"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069405475","display_name":"Stelian Alexandru Borz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4571-7235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3123573182","display_name":"Transylvania University of Bra\u0219ov","ror":"https://ror.org/01cg9ws23","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3123573182"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stelian Alexandru Borz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Engineering, Forest Management Planning and Terrestrial Measurements, Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, \u015eirul Beethoven 1, 500123 Brasov, Romania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Engineering, Forest Management Planning and Terrestrial Measurements, Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, \u015eirul Beethoven 1, 500123 Brasov, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3123573182"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069405475"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3123573182"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.4495,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59252266,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"18","first_page":"6288","last_page":"6288"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12282","display_name":"Mineral Processing and Grinding","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12282","display_name":"Mineral Processing and Grinding","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9539999961853027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12482","display_name":"Tunneling and Rock Mechanics","score":0.946399986743927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5369171500205994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5262669324874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.5050976872444153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4322473406791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43080413341522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.4297715127468109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-processing","display_name":"Data processing","score":0.4172005355358124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3687956929206848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3589508533477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.2852068841457367}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5369171500205994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5262669324874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.5050976872444153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4322473406791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43080413341522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.4297715127468109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138827492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6661985","display_name":"Data processing","level":2,"score":0.4172005355358124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3687956929206848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3589508533477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.2852068841457367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21186288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21186288","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/18/6288/pdf?version=1632135200","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34577496","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34577496","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9fbe050d240840c5be26868d7c2afe94","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9fbe050d240840c5be26868d7c2afe94","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 18, p 6288 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:7359252","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC8470974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/18/6288/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21186288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 18; Pages: 6288","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8470974","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8470974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21186288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21186288","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/18/6288/pdf?version=1632135200","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3200887780.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3200887780.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24143747","https://openalex.org/W1665214252","https://openalex.org/W1997866278","https://openalex.org/W2040185089","https://openalex.org/W2072462334","https://openalex.org/W2131850886","https://openalex.org/W2153705104","https://openalex.org/W2158698691","https://openalex.org/W2163948789","https://openalex.org/W2168932899","https://openalex.org/W2588773726","https://openalex.org/W2789130522","https://openalex.org/W2790979755","https://openalex.org/W2900646818","https://openalex.org/W2904029544","https://openalex.org/W2911785903","https://openalex.org/W2916559661","https://openalex.org/W2927351257","https://openalex.org/W2937533479","https://openalex.org/W2955088691","https://openalex.org/W2966555834","https://openalex.org/W2983261066","https://openalex.org/W2983468272","https://openalex.org/W2989652159","https://openalex.org/W3001316388","https://openalex.org/W3010947518","https://openalex.org/W3029952606","https://openalex.org/W3037880470","https://openalex.org/W3038491017","https://openalex.org/W3044821650","https://openalex.org/W3085303679","https://openalex.org/W3094793347","https://openalex.org/W3100815891","https://openalex.org/W3113303622","https://openalex.org/W3141993574","https://openalex.org/W3144232264","https://openalex.org/W3159514587","https://openalex.org/W3160002594","https://openalex.org/W6600955482","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6680146123","https://openalex.org/W6748821802","https://openalex.org/W6756683261","https://openalex.org/W6757949770","https://openalex.org/W6772938244","https://openalex.org/W6777881713","https://openalex.org/W6783720855"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765080098","https://openalex.org/W2385749422","https://openalex.org/W2009888974","https://openalex.org/W2355290145","https://openalex.org/W2353465659","https://openalex.org/W3023105672","https://openalex.org/W2355539379","https://openalex.org/W4231410700","https://openalex.org/W4237770763","https://openalex.org/W2053352781"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Forestry":[0],"is":[1,7],"a":[2,86,120,193,197,214],"complex":[3],"economic":[4],"sector":[5],"which":[6,92],"relying":[8],"on":[9,95,123,244,264],"resource":[10],"and":[11,23,32,34,52,60,105,169,203,211,258,270,289],"process":[12,104,269],"monitoring":[13,36,280],"data.":[14],"Most":[15],"of":[16,30,44,58,71,102,108,129,157,160,166,200,217,236,247,252,267,275,286],"the":[17,28,42,69,73,100,106,109,127,142,147,155,179,184,226,231,245,265],"forest":[18],"operations":[19],"such":[20,98],"as":[21,99,112],"planting":[22],"harvesting":[24],"are":[25,81],"supported":[26],"by":[27,41,154,192,213,255],"use":[29,43],"tools":[31],"machines,":[33],"their":[35,78],"has":[37,221],"been":[38,65,222],"traditionally":[39],"done":[40],"pen-and-paper":[45],"time":[46,148],"studies.":[47],"Nevertheless,":[48],"modern":[49],"data":[50,74,163],"collection":[51],"analysis":[53],"methods":[54],"involving":[55],"different":[56],"kinds":[57],"platforms":[59],"machine":[61],"learning":[62],"techniques":[63,133],"have":[64],"studied":[66],"lately":[67],"with":[68,135,196],"aim":[70],"easing":[72],"management":[75],"process.":[76],"By":[77],"outcomes,":[79],"improvements":[80],"still":[82],"needed":[83],"to":[84,88,171,183,209,224,238],"reach":[85],"close":[87],"100%":[89],"activity":[90],"recognition,":[91],"may":[93,261,282],"depend":[94,262],"several":[96],"factors":[97],"type":[101,246,266],"monitored":[103,268],"characteristics":[107],"signals":[110],"used":[111],"inputs.":[113],"In":[114],"this":[115],"paper,":[116],"we":[117],"test,":[118],"thought":[119],"case":[121],"study":[122],"mechanized":[124],"pit-drilling":[125],"operations,":[126],"potential":[128],"digital":[130],"signal":[131,190,256,287],"processing":[132,151,288],"combined":[134],"Artificial":[136],"Neural":[137],"Networks":[138],"(ANNs)":[139],"in":[140,146,229,240,249,273],"improving":[141,230],"event-based":[143,232],"classification":[144,233,241,253],"accuracy":[145,234,242,254],"domain.":[149],"Signal":[150],"was":[152],"implemented":[153],"means":[156],"median":[158,194],"filtering":[159,257],"triaxial":[161],"accelerometer":[162],"(window":[164],"sizes":[165],"3,":[167],"5,":[168],"up":[170],"21":[172],"observations":[173,202],"collected":[174],"at":[175],"1":[176],"Hz)":[177],"while":[178],"ANNs":[180],"were":[181],"subjected":[182],"regularization":[185,215],"hyperparameter's":[186],"tunning.":[187],"An":[188],"acceleration":[189],"processed":[191],"filter":[195],"window":[198],"size":[199],"3":[201],"fed":[204],"into":[205],"an":[206],"ANN":[207,259,290],"set":[208],"learn":[210],"generalize":[212],"parameter":[216],"\u03b1":[218],"=":[219],"0.01":[220],"found":[223],"be":[225],"best":[227],"strategy":[228],"(improvements":[235],"1%":[237],"8%":[239],"depending":[243],"event":[248,276],"question).":[250],"Improvement":[251],"tuning":[260],"largely":[263],"its":[271],"outcomes":[272],"terms":[274],"duration;":[277],"therefore,":[278],"other":[279],"applications":[281],"need":[283],"particular":[284],"designs":[285],"tuning.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
