{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3196499084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21175985","title":"Investigation of Deformation Pattern and Movement Law of the Huge-Thick Conglomerate Stratum by a Large-Scale 3D Model Test with Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor Monitoring","display_name":"Investigation of Deformation Pattern and Movement Law of the Huge-Thick Conglomerate Stratum by a Large-Scale 3D Model Test with Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor Monitoring","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3196499084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21175985","mag":"3196499084","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34502876"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21175985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21175985","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/17/5985/pdf?version=1630993357","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/17/5985/pdf?version=1630993357","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009629094","display_name":"Qiang Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8545-1967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111107124","display_name":"Jing Chai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8060-2866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Energy Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","College of Energy Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Energy Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Energy Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100777149","display_name":"Yuzhu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7087-2342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151703","display_name":"China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/045d9gj14","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151703"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuzhu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Coal Technology and Engineering Group, Chongqing Research Institute, Chongqing 400037, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Coal Technology and Engineering Group, Chongqing Research Institute, Chongqing 400037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151703"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030312174","display_name":"Yongliang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1492-8374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongliang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Energy Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","College of Energy Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Energy Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Energy Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087614537","display_name":"Yiwei Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8686-2135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiwei Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009629094"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.2024,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51199387,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"17","first_page":"5985","last_page":"5985"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10161","display_name":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overburden","display_name":"Overburden","score":0.764010488986969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation-monitoring","display_name":"Deformation monitoring","score":0.6239326596260071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","score":0.5804728269577026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stratum","display_name":"Stratum","score":0.45210951566696167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.4442160427570343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.40781858563423157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.4049444794654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35541412234306335}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777201227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331224","display_name":"Overburden","level":2,"score":0.764010488986969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136428324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838414","display_name":"Deformation monitoring","level":3,"score":0.6239326596260071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.5804728269577026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175585516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12758989","display_name":"Stratum","level":2,"score":0.45210951566696167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4442160427570343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.40781858563423157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4049444794654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35541412234306335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21175985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21175985","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/17/5985/pdf?version=1630993357","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34502876","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34502876","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:df26a8e1dce54931890a217336c96036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/df26a8e1dce54931890a217336c96036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 17, p 5985 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/17/5985/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21175985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 17; Pages: 5985","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8434683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8434683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21175985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21175985","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/17/5985/pdf?version=1630993357","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1059392733","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51804052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7766666711","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CSTC2019JCYJ-BSH0088","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321135","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325422","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3196499084.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3196499084.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969725821","https://openalex.org/W1979583926","https://openalex.org/W2020834078","https://openalex.org/W2253435151","https://openalex.org/W2253528120","https://openalex.org/W2351988814","https://openalex.org/W2352111987","https://openalex.org/W2359190799","https://openalex.org/W2359777552","https://openalex.org/W2360523852","https://openalex.org/W2369242621","https://openalex.org/W2390953699","https://openalex.org/W2394476593","https://openalex.org/W2555650953","https://openalex.org/W2562336997","https://openalex.org/W2623300346","https://openalex.org/W2790773324","https://openalex.org/W2801896134","https://openalex.org/W2855119828","https://openalex.org/W2900558026","https://openalex.org/W2904190748","https://openalex.org/W2906870438","https://openalex.org/W2908116118","https://openalex.org/W2913759690","https://openalex.org/W2929415236","https://openalex.org/W2946284439","https://openalex.org/W2972235654","https://openalex.org/W3007634389","https://openalex.org/W3009204982","https://openalex.org/W3024896421","https://openalex.org/W3033523693","https://openalex.org/W3047613683","https://openalex.org/W3112537217","https://openalex.org/W3115964792","https://openalex.org/W3119811537","https://openalex.org/W3120652828","https://openalex.org/W3123117797","https://openalex.org/W3148688850","https://openalex.org/W6779537925","https://openalex.org/W6787682900"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2383132098","https://openalex.org/W4311775711","https://openalex.org/W4386859825","https://openalex.org/W2366365000","https://openalex.org/W2381496104","https://openalex.org/W2381130961","https://openalex.org/W2362061381","https://openalex.org/W2357794065","https://openalex.org/W2094597054","https://openalex.org/W2373442863"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mining":[0],"activities":[1],"under":[2],"the":[3,15,23,29,54,61,65,80,87,109,125,132,136,142,145,150,153,179],"circumstances":[4],"of":[5,14,28,60,83,93,112,135,144,152,181],"huge-thick":[6,30,62],"stratum":[7,31],"occurrence":[8],"commonly":[9],"result":[10],"in":[11,32,86],"dynamic":[12,36],"response":[13],"working":[16],"face.":[17],"It":[18],"is":[19,95,128],"crucial":[20],"to":[21,34,52,107,130,168],"understand":[22],"rock":[24,184],"failure":[25],"and":[26,57,97,149,156,173],"movement":[27,58,110,157],"order":[33],"prevent":[35],"hazards.":[37],"This":[38,159],"paper":[39],"introduces":[40],"distributed":[41],"optical":[42],"fiber":[43],"sensor":[44],"(DOFS)":[45],"monitoring":[46,66,78,147,166],"into":[47],"a":[48,100,119],"large-scale":[49],"model":[50],"test":[51],"investigate":[53,169],"deformation":[55,91,154],"pattern":[56,155],"law":[59,111],"conglomerate":[63],"(HTC);":[64],"results":[67,74],"are":[68],"verified":[69],"by":[70],"numerical":[71,139],"simulation.":[72],"The":[73,90,114,138],"indicate":[75],"that":[76,103],"DOFS":[77,146,165],"captures":[79],"spatiotemporal":[81],"evolution":[82],"zoning":[84],"development":[85],"overburden":[88,126],"deformation.":[89,185],"field":[92],"HTC":[94],"illustrated,":[96],"there":[98],"exists":[99],"strain":[101,116],"basin":[102],"can":[104],"be":[105,175],"used":[106],"estimate":[108],"HTC.":[113,137],"average":[115],"variability":[117],"<i>Ex</i>,":[118],"new":[120],"homogenization":[121],"index":[122],"for":[123,164,177],"characterizing":[124],"deformation,":[127],"proposed":[129],"describe":[131],"broken":[133],"rules":[134],"simulation":[140],"proves":[141],"feasibility":[143],"method":[148],"correctness":[151],"law.":[158],"study":[160],"provides":[161],"efficient":[162],"methods":[163],"utilization":[167],"mining":[170],"engineering":[171],"problems":[172],"could":[174],"beneficial":[176],"unearthing":[178],"mechanisms":[180],"deep":[182],"ground":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}