{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195097267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165638","title":"Ambient Light Rejection Integrated Circuit for Autonomous Adaptation on a Sub-Retinal Prosthetic System","display_name":"Ambient Light Rejection Integrated Circuit for Autonomous Adaptation on a Sub-Retinal Prosthetic System","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195097267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165638","mag":"3195097267","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34451078"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21165638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165638","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/16/5638/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/16/5638/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101028767","display_name":"Hosung Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799980853","display_name":"Korea University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02cs2sd33","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611","https://openalex.org/I2799980853"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hosung Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799980853"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101887930","display_name":"Hojong Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1955-7696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113409471","display_name":"Kumoh National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dkjfz60","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hojong Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 350-27 Gumi-Daero, Gumi 39253, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 350-27 Gumi-Daero, Gumi 39253, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101991949","display_name":"Jungsuk Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5866-465X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jungsuk Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon Univesity, Hambakmoe-ro 191, Incheon 21936, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5866-465X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon Univesity, Hambakmoe-ro 191, Incheon 21936, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101887930","https://openalex.org/A5101991949"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113409471","https://openalex.org/I12832649"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.5175,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57435978,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"16","first_page":"5638","last_page":"5638"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.7104009389877319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5393732190132141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-sensor","display_name":"Image sensor","score":0.49787449836730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-specific-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","score":0.4614279568195343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal","display_name":"Retinal","score":0.44781494140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.4263591468334198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-intensity","display_name":"Light intensity","score":0.42266684770584106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4104560315608978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.3267764747142792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3028411269187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.29545795917510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2744731307029724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1649969220161438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15830326080322266}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.7104009389877319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5393732190132141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.49787449836730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77390884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217302","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.4614279568195343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.44781494140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.4263591468334198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020368824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6546192","display_name":"Light intensity","level":2,"score":0.42266684770584106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4104560315608978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3267764747142792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3028411269187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.29545795917510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2744731307029724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1649969220161438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15830326080322266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019736","descriptor_name":"Prostheses and Implants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019736","descriptor_name":"Prostheses and Implants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019736","descriptor_name":"Prostheses and Implants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21165638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165638","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/16/5638/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34451078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34451078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:45c1cb8b8bd7472094487916bc77db3b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/45c1cb8b8bd7472094487916bc77db3b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 16, p 5638 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/16/5638/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165638","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 16; Pages: 5638","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8402464","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8402464","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21165638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165638","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/16/5638/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G187964518","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2017M3A9E2056461","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2132439236","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202017D01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3308211118","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202017D01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5204939099","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020R1A2C4001606","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6244719143","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017M3A9E2056461","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7829610160","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202017D01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322014","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Food and Drug Safety"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8555442137","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 2020R1A2C4001606","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/008nkqk13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322014","display_name":"Ministry of Food and Drug Safety","ror":"https://ror.org/01f7dp456"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322202","display_name":"IC Design Education Center","ror":"https://ror.org/005v57z85"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195097267.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195097267.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1912107527","https://openalex.org/W2034475751","https://openalex.org/W2058062991","https://openalex.org/W2063515779","https://openalex.org/W2104086223","https://openalex.org/W2107487004","https://openalex.org/W2112002285","https://openalex.org/W2126012359","https://openalex.org/W2129393153","https://openalex.org/W2132528877","https://openalex.org/W2135120979","https://openalex.org/W2145662372","https://openalex.org/W2148483191","https://openalex.org/W2153049630","https://openalex.org/W2153787766","https://openalex.org/W2166138511","https://openalex.org/W2175009324","https://openalex.org/W2294624352","https://openalex.org/W2401981424","https://openalex.org/W2593082467","https://openalex.org/W2766112309","https://openalex.org/W2792374807","https://openalex.org/W2792465987","https://openalex.org/W2799562709","https://openalex.org/W2857246658","https://openalex.org/W2914374288","https://openalex.org/W2964084936","https://openalex.org/W2994736635","https://openalex.org/W2999676333","https://openalex.org/W3006860701","https://openalex.org/W3081690977","https://openalex.org/W3082240711","https://openalex.org/W3097775566","https://openalex.org/W3129601021","https://openalex.org/W6678533265","https://openalex.org/W6748734998"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2165367082","https://openalex.org/W1972641423","https://openalex.org/W611446063","https://openalex.org/W4250295485","https://openalex.org/W4206938017","https://openalex.org/W2388299947","https://openalex.org/W4254947163","https://openalex.org/W1967064512","https://openalex.org/W2382673458","https://openalex.org/W2368609622"],"abstract_inverted_index":{",":[0],"consumes":[1],"a":[2,9,17,29,45],"power":[3],"of":[4,13,20,33],"3.2":[5],"mW":[6],"and":[7],"shows":[8],"maximum":[10],"response":[11],"time":[12],"1.6":[14],"s":[15],"at":[16],"light":[18,55],"intensity":[19],"20,000":[21],"lux.":[22],"The":[23,35],"proposed":[24],"ALR":[25,41],"circuit":[26,42],"also":[27],"has":[28],"pixel":[30,47],"loss":[31],"rate":[32],"0.3%.":[34],"experimental":[36],"results":[37],"show":[38],"that":[39],"the":[40,54],"leads":[43],"to":[44],"sensor":[46],"(SP)":[48],"being":[49],"autonomously":[50],"adjusted,":[51],"depending":[52],"on":[53],"intensity.":[56]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
