{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3189496643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165424","title":"Defect Width Assessment Based on the Near-Field Magnetic Flux Leakage Method","display_name":"Defect Width Assessment Based on the Near-Field Magnetic Flux Leakage Method","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3189496643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165424","mag":"3189496643","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34450864"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21165424","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165424","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/16/5424/pdf?version=1628673793","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/16/5424/pdf?version=1628673793","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024839365","display_name":"Erlong Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erlong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102774388","display_name":"Yiming Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-9939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100764811","display_name":"Xiaotian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6700-9435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaotian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005465247","display_name":"Jianbo Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4732-6732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianbo Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100764811"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.1237,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74828287,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"16","first_page":"5424","last_page":"5424"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-flux-leakage","display_name":"Magnetic flux leakage","score":0.8635550737380981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.6178562641143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.5755763649940491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.5288176536560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.42188718914985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.4028972387313843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.379644513130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.3589363396167755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30033379793167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.23763811588287354}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20892748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4390394","display_name":"Magnetic flux leakage","level":3,"score":0.8635550737380981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.6178562641143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5755763649940491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.5288176536560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.42188718914985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4028972387313843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.379644513130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3589363396167755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30033379793167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23763811588287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21165424","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165424","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/16/5424/pdf?version=1628673793","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34450864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34450864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ncl.ac.uk:276617","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=276617/AB0EBCBF-DC7D-4395-B538-08F02AA10148.pdf&pub_id=276617","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402485","display_name":"Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","host_organization_name":"Newcastle University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:37871d9114e94962bbbe7da49b7f8164","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/37871d9114e94962bbbe7da49b7f8164","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 16, p 5424 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/16/5424/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 16; Pages: 5424","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8399627","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8399627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21165424","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165424","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/16/5424/pdf?version=1628673793","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1114890605","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52005510","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1293919457","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFG0203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","funder_display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2901610597","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2060114","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6460616835","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20ZDYF2964","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","funder_display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6603698369","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021SCU12145","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335433","funder_display_name":"Science Foundation for Excellent Youth Scholars of Sichuan University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8208342437","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1 and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8584056406","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020JDRC0060","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","funder_display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8911959610","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51907131","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322297","display_name":"Jiangsu Development and Reform Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/02fzqav45"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322990","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335433","display_name":"Science Foundation for Excellent Youth Scholars of Sichuan University","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3189496643.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3189496643.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1812196428","https://openalex.org/W1970844836","https://openalex.org/W1975096300","https://openalex.org/W1976692507","https://openalex.org/W1981642425","https://openalex.org/W2001936499","https://openalex.org/W2011382171","https://openalex.org/W2041053548","https://openalex.org/W2041622307","https://openalex.org/W2043371064","https://openalex.org/W2049258313","https://openalex.org/W2062895567","https://openalex.org/W2064117748","https://openalex.org/W2074797681","https://openalex.org/W2082920899","https://openalex.org/W2108321865","https://openalex.org/W2119740344","https://openalex.org/W2131219365","https://openalex.org/W2335106240","https://openalex.org/W2344442084","https://openalex.org/W2605049737","https://openalex.org/W2606280732","https://openalex.org/W2763316552","https://openalex.org/W2766944064","https://openalex.org/W2808808447","https://openalex.org/W2809093163","https://openalex.org/W2883483658","https://openalex.org/W2887118738","https://openalex.org/W2918574956","https://openalex.org/W2974616343","https://openalex.org/W3117126233","https://openalex.org/W3121648526","https://openalex.org/W3162180525","https://openalex.org/W3171244254","https://openalex.org/W4233226708","https://openalex.org/W6638369545","https://openalex.org/W6702958860","https://openalex.org/W6736024550","https://openalex.org/W6737082843","https://openalex.org/W6752839729","https://openalex.org/W6753705474","https://openalex.org/W6787351107"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4383333701","https://openalex.org/W803998858","https://openalex.org/W2053047536","https://openalex.org/W2142368441","https://openalex.org/W2354373366","https://openalex.org/W746620061","https://openalex.org/W1517924989","https://openalex.org/W226057534","https://openalex.org/W4312973429","https://openalex.org/W2388682074"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Magnetic":[0],"flux":[1],"leakage":[2,39],"(MFL)":[3],"testing":[4,12],"has":[5],"been":[6],"widely":[7],"used":[8],"as":[9,31],"a":[10,44,111],"non-destructive":[11],"method":[13,47,120],"for":[14],"various":[15],"materials.":[16],"However,":[17],"it":[18,99],"is":[19,48,75,88,100,121,142],"difficult":[20],"to":[21,50,66,91],"separate":[22],"the":[23,26,37,55,68,71,79,85,92,104,117,135,139],"influences":[24],"of":[25,70,84,138],"defect":[27,52,93,105,112],"geometrical":[28],"parameters":[29],"such":[30],"depth,":[32],"width,":[33],"and":[34,60,95],"length":[35],"on":[36,108,116],"received":[38],"signals.":[40],"In":[41,133],"this":[42,109],"paper,":[43],"\"near-field\"":[45,86,118,140],"MFL":[46,87,119,141],"proposed":[49,72],"quantify":[51],"widths.":[53],"Both":[54],"finite":[56],"element":[57],"modelling":[58],"(FEM)":[59],"experimental":[61],"studies":[62],"are":[63,129],"carried":[64],"out":[65],"investigate":[67],"performance":[69],"method.":[73],"It":[74],"found":[76],"that":[77,78,125],"distance":[80],"between":[81],"two":[82],"peaks":[83],"strongly":[89],"related":[90],"width":[94,113],"lift-off":[96],"value,":[97],"whereas":[98],"slightly":[101],"affected":[102],"by":[103],"depth.":[106],"Based":[107],"phenomenon,":[110],"assessment":[114],"relying":[115],"proposed.":[122],"Results":[123],"show":[124],"relative":[126],"judging":[127],"errors":[128],"less":[130],"than":[131],"5%.":[132],"addition,":[134],"analytical":[136],"expression":[137],"also":[143],"developed.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}