{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3188530717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155222","title":"A Classification and Prediction Hybrid Model Construction with the IQPSO-SVM Algorithm for Atrial Fibrillation Arrhythmia","display_name":"A Classification and Prediction Hybrid Model Construction with the IQPSO-SVM Algorithm for Atrial Fibrillation Arrhythmia","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3188530717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155222","mag":"3188530717","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34372459"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21155222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155222","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/15/5222/pdf?version=1627799588","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/15/5222/pdf?version=1627799588","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051538474","display_name":"Liang-Hung Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-8902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang-Hung Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-8902","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002189012","display_name":"Zehong Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0139-8917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ze-Hong Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103157448","display_name":"Yi-Ting Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0339-4837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Ting Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081011415","display_name":"Junying Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5614-9731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun-Ying Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002718892","display_name":"Yang Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5058-8899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055037090","display_name":"I\u2010Chun Kuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1617-2507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"I-Chun Kuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020307002","display_name":"Patricia Angela R. Abu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-6644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19722","display_name":"Ateneo de Manila University","ror":"https://ror.org/053kevk63","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19722"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patricia Angela R. Abu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems and Computer Science, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon 1108, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-6644","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems and Computer Science, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon 1108, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19722"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011085179","display_name":"Pao-Cheng Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9231-4282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61057504","display_name":"Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kx2sy84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61057504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pao-Cheng Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61057504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087990042","display_name":"Chiung-An Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7605-5214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12213908","display_name":"Ming Chi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xgh4d03","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12213908"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chiung-An Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 243303, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7605-5214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 243303, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12213908"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025762419","display_name":"Shih\u2010Lun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4079-9350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151221077","display_name":"Chung Yuan Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ws377","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shih-Lun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4079-9350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011085179","https://openalex.org/A5055037090","https://openalex.org/A5087990042"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12213908","https://openalex.org/I61057504","https://openalex.org/I80947539"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":3.9727,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94887727,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"15","first_page":"5222","last_page":"5222"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10065","display_name":"Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes","score":0.9700999855995178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7640056610107422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrial-fibrillation","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","score":0.5420520901679993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5215042233467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.486098051071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.47849196195602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4570707082748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.4201952815055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.415352463722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3872154951095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.166824609041214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.16037023067474365}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7640056610107422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779161974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815819","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","level":2,"score":0.5420520901679993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5215042233467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.486098051071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.47849196195602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4570707082748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.4201952815055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.415352463722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3872154951095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.166824609041214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.16037023067474365}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001281","descriptor_name":"Atrial Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001281","descriptor_name":"Atrial Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001281","descriptor_name":"Atrial Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21155222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155222","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/15/5222/pdf?version=1627799588","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34372459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34372459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1ccd1f2830ff4bf78e3ffccc479d78a0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1ccd1f2830ff4bf78e3ffccc479d78a0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 15, p 5222 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/15/5222/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 15; Pages: 5222","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8348396","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8348396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21155222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155222","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/15/5222/pdf?version=1627799588","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3650674930","display_name":"\u6e90\u7aef\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\u4e09\u5fc3\u62cd\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u7c7b\u53ca\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u6784\u5efa\u4e0e\u8fc1\u79fb\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61971140","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G394189871","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020IM010200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3188530717.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3188530717.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1537967768","https://openalex.org/W1966150055","https://openalex.org/W2010355864","https://openalex.org/W2024823173","https://openalex.org/W2076723282","https://openalex.org/W2095409369","https://openalex.org/W2099332939","https://openalex.org/W2109692256","https://openalex.org/W2117063490","https://openalex.org/W2131103247","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2154661460","https://openalex.org/W2162273778","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2442037799","https://openalex.org/W2474138402","https://openalex.org/W2512313399","https://openalex.org/W2515241735","https://openalex.org/W2627074406","https://openalex.org/W2739330703","https://openalex.org/W2740536026","https://openalex.org/W2755936613","https://openalex.org/W2766777146","https://openalex.org/W2767145490","https://openalex.org/W2794104596","https://openalex.org/W2799962034","https://openalex.org/W2806806521","https://openalex.org/W2887119654","https://openalex.org/W2887171948","https://openalex.org/W2887643731","https://openalex.org/W2891102016","https://openalex.org/W2911832544","https://openalex.org/W2916326551","https://openalex.org/W2953441447","https://openalex.org/W2965520043","https://openalex.org/W2966850485","https://openalex.org/W2974415621","https://openalex.org/W3004063830","https://openalex.org/W3040780524","https://openalex.org/W3096529382","https://openalex.org/W3147867793","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4253158202","https://openalex.org/W6632182068","https://openalex.org/W6682642761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2916669046","https://openalex.org/W2802841177","https://openalex.org/W2047263140","https://openalex.org/W2518330835","https://openalex.org/W2079818187","https://openalex.org/W2049139474","https://openalex.org/W2404845223","https://openalex.org/W2120413119","https://openalex.org/W2534666156","https://openalex.org/W2352074134"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Atrial":[0],"fibrillation":[1],"(AF)":[2],"is":[3,60],"the":[4,18,32,40,47,54,75,93,96,113,117,128,143,168,172,175,198,202,212,225,233,237,242,260,264,271,285,292,318,322],"most":[5,11],"common":[6],"cardiovascular":[7],"disease":[8],"(CVD),":[9],"and":[10,38,67,71,74,103,119,125,136,150,183,204,228,239,245,250,253,255,257,266,274,279,301],"existing":[12],"algorithms":[13,30],"are":[14],"usually":[15],"designed":[16],"for":[17,189,210,259,317],"diagnosis":[19,33,124,135,226],"(i.e.,":[20,78],"feature":[21],"classification)":[22],"or":[23],"prediction":[24,137,229,302],"of":[25,34,62,85,101,116,130,201,217,236,263,291,295,314,321,331],"AF.":[26,110],"Artificial":[27],"intelligence":[28],"(AI)":[29],"integrate":[31],"AF":[35,43,56,70,91],"electrocardiogram":[36],"(ECG)":[37],"predict":[39],"possibility":[41],"that":[42],"will":[44],"occur":[45],"in":[46,122],"future.":[48],"In":[49,127],"this":[50],"paper,":[51],"we":[52,133],"utilized":[53],"MIT-BIH":[55],"Database":[57],"(AFDB),":[58],"which":[59,83],"composed":[61,294],"data":[63,86,194],"from":[64,87,197],"normal":[65],"people":[66],"patients":[68,88],"with":[69,89,288,325,328,333],"onset":[72],"characteristics,":[73],"AFPDB":[76,240,267],"database":[77,178,287,324],"PAF":[79],"Prediction":[80],"Challenge":[81],"Database),":[82],"consists":[84],"Paroxysmal":[90],"(PAF;":[92],"records":[94],"contain":[95],"ECG":[97,214,293,332],"preceding":[98],"an":[99,208],"episode":[100],"PAF),":[102],"subjects":[104],"who":[105],"do":[106],"not":[107],"have":[108],"documented":[109],"We":[111,206],"extracted":[112],"respective":[114],"characteristics":[115],"databases":[118],"used":[120,165,188],"them":[121],"modeling":[123],"prediction.":[126],"aspect":[129],"model":[131,191,227,230,303],"construction,":[132],"regarded":[134],"as":[138],"two":[139,296],"classification":[140,300],"problems,":[141],"adopted":[142],"traditional":[144],"support":[145,159],"vector":[146,160],"machine":[147,161],"(SVM)":[148],"algorithm,":[149],"combined":[151],"them.":[152],"The":[153,193,298],"improved":[154],"quantum":[155],"particle":[156],"swarm":[157],"optimization":[158],"(IQPSO-SVM)":[162],"algorithm":[163,209],"was":[164,187],"to":[166],"speed":[167],"training":[169,234],"time.":[170],"During":[171],"verification":[173],"process,":[174],"clinical":[176],"FZU-FPH":[177,286,323],"created":[179],"by":[180],"Fuzhou":[181],"University":[182],"Fujian":[184],"Provincial":[185],"Hospital":[186],"hybrid":[190],"testing.":[192],"were":[195,248,276],"obtained":[196],"Holter":[199],"monitor":[200],"hospital":[203,218],"encrypted.":[205],"proposed":[207],"transforming":[211],"PDF":[213],"waveform":[215],"images":[216],"examination":[219],"reports":[220],"into":[221],"digital":[222],"data.":[223],"For":[224],"trained":[231],"using":[232,284,304],"set":[235,262,320],"AFDB":[238,265],"databases,":[241,268],"sensitivity,":[243,272],"specificity,":[244,273],"accuracy":[246,275,313],"measures":[247],"99.2%":[249,252],"99.2%,":[251],"93.3%,":[254],"91.7%":[256],"92.5%":[258],"test":[261,319],"respectively.":[269],"Moreover,":[270],"94.2%,":[277],"79.7%,":[278],"87.0%,":[280],"respectively,":[281],"when":[282],"tested":[283],"138":[289],"samples":[290,327],"labels.":[297,335],"composite":[299],"a":[305,311],"new":[306],"water-fall":[307],"ensemble":[308],"method":[309],"had":[310],"total":[312],"approximately":[315],"91%":[316],"80":[326],"120":[329],"segments":[330],"three":[334]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T09:05:17.133730","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
