{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3190977814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155165","title":"Simplified Optimal Estimation of Time-Varying Electromyogram Standard Deviation (EMG\u03c3): Evaluation on Two Datasets","display_name":"Simplified Optimal Estimation of Time-Varying Electromyogram Standard Deviation (EMG\u03c3): Evaluation on Two Datasets","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3190977814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155165","mag":"3190977814","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34372403"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21155165","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155165","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/15/5165/pdf?version=1628153561","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/15/5165/pdf?version=1628153561","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100351652","display_name":"He Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9854-955X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032659878","display_name":"Kiriaki J. Rajotte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8273-7652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kiriaki J. Rajotte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100731108","display_name":"Haopeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6337-7831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haopeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076568602","display_name":"Chenyun Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3056-4339"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenyun Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Biomedical Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Biomedical Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101519577","display_name":"Ziling Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-1648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziling Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042654091","display_name":"Xinming Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0584-3448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinming Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0584-3448","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083490677","display_name":"Edward A. Clancy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0729-2523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Edward A. Clancy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0729-2523","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083490677"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.4364,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53862213,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"15","first_page":"5165","last_page":"5165"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.5121369361877441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5061807036399841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4842081069946289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4590631127357483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-deviation","display_name":"Standard deviation","score":0.4551820456981659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.36910563707351685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35567983984947205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11715278029441833}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.5121369361877441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5061807036399841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4842081069946289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4590631127357483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.4551820456981659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.36910563707351685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35567983984947205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11715278029441833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004550","descriptor_name":"Elbow","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004550","descriptor_name":"Elbow","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004550","descriptor_name":"Elbow","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004550","descriptor_name":"Elbow","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004551","descriptor_name":"Elbow Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004551","descriptor_name":"Elbow Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004551","descriptor_name":"Elbow Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004551","descriptor_name":"Elbow Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007537","descriptor_name":"Isometric Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007537","descriptor_name":"Isometric Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007537","descriptor_name":"Isometric Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007537","descriptor_name":"Isometric Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009119","descriptor_name":"Muscle Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009119","descriptor_name":"Muscle Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009119","descriptor_name":"Muscle Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009119","descriptor_name":"Muscle Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011187","descriptor_name":"Posture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011187","descriptor_name":"Posture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011187","descriptor_name":"Posture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011187","descriptor_name":"Posture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21155165","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155165","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/15/5165/pdf?version=1628153561","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34372403","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34372403","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0c99c2321b954a6a9ac087015b074ff2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0c99c2321b954a6a9ac087015b074ff2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 15, p 5165 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/15/5165/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155165","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 15; Pages: 5165","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8348299","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8348299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21155165","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155165","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/15/5165/pdf?version=1628153561","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3190977814.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3190977814.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W629053621","https://openalex.org/W1870802330","https://openalex.org/W1965589694","https://openalex.org/W1965780078","https://openalex.org/W1979064097","https://openalex.org/W1989717677","https://openalex.org/W1990552907","https://openalex.org/W2004158418","https://openalex.org/W2017380219","https://openalex.org/W2021864005","https://openalex.org/W2026596443","https://openalex.org/W2034345899","https://openalex.org/W2046820001","https://openalex.org/W2066327120","https://openalex.org/W2071527993","https://openalex.org/W2072651554","https://openalex.org/W2081187920","https://openalex.org/W2082153610","https://openalex.org/W2094823398","https://openalex.org/W2096718046","https://openalex.org/W2103403570","https://openalex.org/W2104544700","https://openalex.org/W2106193633","https://openalex.org/W2108884606","https://openalex.org/W2124211208","https://openalex.org/W2131440040","https://openalex.org/W2141880448","https://openalex.org/W2141896341","https://openalex.org/W2141995376","https://openalex.org/W2144357419","https://openalex.org/W2154280311","https://openalex.org/W2156654664","https://openalex.org/W2161229925","https://openalex.org/W2161280208","https://openalex.org/W2170613067","https://openalex.org/W2418999062","https://openalex.org/W2563508321","https://openalex.org/W2576034951","https://openalex.org/W2614985414","https://openalex.org/W2914136185","https://openalex.org/W2939650830","https://openalex.org/W2967637111","https://openalex.org/W2986201080","https://openalex.org/W3082363269","https://openalex.org/W3082472058","https://openalex.org/W3093457130","https://openalex.org/W4244965408","https://openalex.org/W6672869219","https://openalex.org/W6680529728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4252337044","https://openalex.org/W118630527","https://openalex.org/W38289631","https://openalex.org/W2592886773","https://openalex.org/W2922142213","https://openalex.org/W4211121235","https://openalex.org/W2380321258","https://openalex.org/W2114530358","https://openalex.org/W3107697994","https://openalex.org/W3091046250"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"facilitate":[1],"the":[2,20,43,59,68,92,139],"broader":[3],"use":[4],"of":[5,14,22,48,71,84,132,142,185,211],"EMG":[6,77,140],"signal":[7],"whitening,":[8],"we":[9,62],"studied":[10],"four":[11],"whitening":[12,135,156,169,179,197,206],"procedures":[13],"various":[15],"complexities,":[16],"as":[17,19],"well":[18],"roles":[21],"sampling":[23,106,118,130],"rate":[24,131],"and":[25,32,101,174],"noise":[26,65],"correction.":[27],"We":[28],"separately":[29],"analyzed":[30],"force-varying":[31,93],"constant-force":[33,60],"contractions":[34],"from":[35,50,91,193],"64":[36],"subjects":[37,160],"who":[38],"completed":[39],"constant-posture":[40],"tasks":[41],"about":[42],"elbow":[44],"over":[45,105,117,208],"a":[46,82,129,166,176],"range":[47,210],"forces":[49,213],"0%":[51],"to":[52,138],"50%":[53],"maximum":[54],"voluntary":[55],"contraction":[56,212],"(MVC).":[57],"From":[58],"tasks,":[61],"found":[63],"that":[64],"correction":[66],"via":[67],"root":[69],"difference":[70,178,202],"squares":[72],"(RDS)":[73],"method":[74,170],"consistently":[75],"reduced":[76],"recording":[78],"noise,":[79],"often":[80],"by":[81,153,165],"factor":[83],"5-10.":[85],"All":[86],"other":[87],"primary":[88],"results":[89],"were":[90],"contractions.":[94],"Sampling":[95],"at":[96,107,119,128],"4096":[97,133],"Hz":[98,109,121],"provided":[99,114],"small":[100,115],"statistically":[102,187],"significant":[103],"improvements":[104,116],"2048":[108],"(~3%),":[110],"which,":[111],"in":[112],"turn,":[113],"1024":[120],"(~4%).":[122],"In":[123],"comparing":[124],"equivalent":[125],"processing":[126],"variants":[127],"Hz,":[134],"filters":[136],"calibrated":[137],"spectrum":[141],"each":[143],"subject":[144],"generally":[145],"performed":[146],"best":[147],"(4.74%":[148],"MVC":[149,162,172,182],"EMG-force":[150,194],"error),":[151,163],"followed":[152,164],"one":[154],"universal":[155],"filter":[157,168,180],"for":[158],"all":[159],"(4.83%":[161],"high-pass":[167],"(4.89%":[171],"error)":[173],"then":[175],"first":[177,201],"(4.91%":[181],"error)-but":[183],"none":[184],"these":[186],"differed.":[188],"Each":[189],"did":[190],"significantly":[191],"improve":[192],"error":[195],"without":[196],"(5.55%":[198],"MVC).":[199],"The":[200],"is":[203],"an":[204],"excellent":[205],"option":[207],"this":[209],"since":[214],"no":[215],"calibration":[216],"or":[217],"algorithm":[218],"decisions":[219],"are":[220],"required.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-10T07:06:39.071514","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}