{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3185523246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155000","title":"The Solution for the Thermographic Measurement of the Temperature of a Small Object","display_name":"The Solution for the Thermographic Measurement of the Temperature of a Small Object","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3185523246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155000","mag":"3185523246","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34372237"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21155000","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155000","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/15/5000/pdf?version=1627031115","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/15/5000/pdf?version=1627031115","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005636284","display_name":"Arkadiusz Hulewicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9342-7430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46597724","display_name":"Pozna\u0144 University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p7p3302","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Arkadiusz Hulewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9342-7430","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznan, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034949633","display_name":"Krzysztof Dziarski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7877-4116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46597724","display_name":"Pozna\u0144 University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p7p3302","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krzysztof Dziarski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electric Power Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electric Power Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznan, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033612554","display_name":"Grzegorz Dombek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3021-6024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46597724","display_name":"Pozna\u0144 University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p7p3302","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grzegorz Dombek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electric Power Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3021-6024","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electric Power Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznan, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005636284"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.8903,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68645435,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"15","first_page":"5000","last_page":"5000"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13928","display_name":"Advanced Sensor Technologies Research","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermography","display_name":"Thermography","score":0.8553993701934814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-measurement","display_name":"Temperature measurement","score":0.5725395679473877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accuracy-and-precision","display_name":"Accuracy and precision","score":0.5018315315246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-device","display_name":"Measurement device","score":0.490116685628891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4659121334552765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observational-error","display_name":"Observational error","score":0.44344744086265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3937758505344391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.38536810874938965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.210542231798172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.17519453167915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15247905254364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1524750292301178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrared","display_name":"Infrared","score":0.09854945540428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08144193887710571}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779222261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q624587","display_name":"Thermography","level":3,"score":0.8553993701934814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72293138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909741","display_name":"Temperature measurement","level":2,"score":0.5725395679473877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202799725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272035","display_name":"Accuracy and precision","level":2,"score":0.5018315315246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019950295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2041172","display_name":"Measurement device","level":2,"score":0.490116685628891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4659121334552765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19619285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196372","display_name":"Observational error","level":2,"score":0.44344744086265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3937758505344391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.38536810874938965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.210542231798172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.17519453167915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15247905254364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1524750292301178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.09854945540428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08144193887710571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001831","descriptor_name":"Body Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001831","descriptor_name":"Body Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001831","descriptor_name":"Body Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013817","descriptor_name":"Thermography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013817","descriptor_name":"Thermography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013817","descriptor_name":"Thermography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21155000","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155000","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/15/5000/pdf?version=1627031115","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34372237","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34372237","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c34d1eba524a4d85b8d5805d4435e78a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c34d1eba524a4d85b8d5805d4435e78a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 15, p 5000 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/15/5000/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 15; Pages: 5000","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8347721","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8347721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21155000","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155000","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/15/5000/pdf?version=1627031115","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3185523246.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3185523246.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1877055327","https://openalex.org/W1981555704","https://openalex.org/W2000475903","https://openalex.org/W2068540749","https://openalex.org/W2080140811","https://openalex.org/W2285907671","https://openalex.org/W2619333296","https://openalex.org/W2748142090","https://openalex.org/W2760881118","https://openalex.org/W2789375411","https://openalex.org/W2946899359","https://openalex.org/W2960299873","https://openalex.org/W2960805179","https://openalex.org/W2961510960","https://openalex.org/W2966492358","https://openalex.org/W3007050636","https://openalex.org/W3010270897","https://openalex.org/W3014063867","https://openalex.org/W3031142573","https://openalex.org/W3039409504","https://openalex.org/W3047029947","https://openalex.org/W3086176095","https://openalex.org/W3091891304","https://openalex.org/W3091912553","https://openalex.org/W3096341042","https://openalex.org/W3118079303","https://openalex.org/W3122931398","https://openalex.org/W3166001748","https://openalex.org/W3166705651","https://openalex.org/W3171952073"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3212153468","https://openalex.org/W2118681518","https://openalex.org/W2389093041","https://openalex.org/W2356385806","https://openalex.org/W2043595074","https://openalex.org/W2377958176","https://openalex.org/W2933166189","https://openalex.org/W2892482535","https://openalex.org/W2392627782","https://openalex.org/W2385910514"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,22,143],"article":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,7,13,28,65,91,94,106,123,126,130,134,140,146,155,164,167,173,182],"measuring":[4,160],"system":[5],"and":[6,56,153],"influence":[8,124,168],"of":[9,15,27,30,37,67,93,100,117,125,157,166,169,175,178,184],"selected":[10,170],"factors":[11,171],"on":[12,105,172],"accuracy":[14,99,174],"thermographic":[16,25,69,151,176],"temperature":[17,29],"measurement":[18,26,103,131,177],"using":[19],"a":[20,31,52,68,75,82,102,185],"macrolens.":[21],"method":[23,85],"enables":[24,163],"small":[32],"object":[33],"with":[34,181],"an":[35,57],"area":[36],"square":[38],"millimeters":[39],"as,":[40],"e.g.,":[41],"electronic":[42,46,179],"elements.":[43],"Damage":[44],"to":[45,60,73,89,137,150],"components":[47,63],"is":[48,64,111,187],"often":[49],"preceded":[50],"by":[51],"rise":[53],"in":[54,108],"temperature,":[55],"effective":[58],"way":[59],"diagnose":[61,74],"such":[62,101],"use":[66,183],"camera.":[70],"The":[71,98,114],"ability":[72],"device":[76,95],"under":[77],"full":[78],"load":[79],"makes":[80],"thermography":[81],"very":[83],"practical":[84],"that":[86],"allows":[87],"us":[88],"assess":[90],"condition":[92],"during":[96,129],"operation.":[97],"depends":[104],"conditions":[107],"which":[109,162],"it":[110],"carried":[112],"out.":[113],"incorrect":[115],"selection":[116],"at":[118],"least":[119],"one":[120],"parameter":[121],"compensating":[122],"factor":[127],"occurring":[128],"may":[132],"cause":[133],"indicated":[135],"value":[136],"differ":[138],"from":[139],"correct":[141],"value.":[142],"paper":[144],"presents":[145],"basic":[147],"issues":[148],"linked":[149],"measurements":[152],"highlights":[154],"sources":[156],"errors.":[158],"A":[159],"stand":[161],"assessment":[165],"elements":[180],"macrolens":[186],"presented.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}