{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3174618717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21134324","title":"Hierarchical Tactile Sensation Integration from Prosthetic Fingertips Enables Multi-Texture Surface Recognition","display_name":"Hierarchical Tactile Sensation Integration from Prosthetic Fingertips Enables Multi-Texture Surface Recognition","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3174618717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21134324","mag":"3174618717","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34202796"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21134324","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21134324","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/13/4324/pdf?version=1624585052","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/13/4324/pdf?version=1624585052","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065202554","display_name":"A. Moaed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8495-4244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63772739","display_name":"Florida Atlantic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p8w6387","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63772739"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moaed A. Abd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ocean and Mechanical Engineering Department, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8495-4244","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ocean and Mechanical Engineering Department, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63772739"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072903550","display_name":"Rudy Paul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0124-992X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63772739","display_name":"Florida Atlantic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p8w6387","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63772739"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rudy Paul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ocean and Mechanical Engineering Department, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ocean and Mechanical Engineering Department, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63772739"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074556111","display_name":"Aparna Aravelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8214-7799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aparna Aravelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085554845","display_name":"Ou Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0040-6807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ou Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074396135","display_name":"Leonel Lagos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4090-1562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonel Lagos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078824344","display_name":"Maohua Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9460-2111"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63772739","display_name":"Florida Atlantic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p8w6387","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63772739"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maohua Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ocean and Mechanical Engineering Department, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9460-2111","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ocean and Mechanical Engineering Department, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63772739"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044216851","display_name":"Erik D. Engeberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2340-1881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63772739","display_name":"Florida Atlantic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p8w6387","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63772739"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Erik D. Engeberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ocean and Mechanical Engineering Department, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA","The Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ocean and Mechanical Engineering Department, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63772739"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63772739"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044216851"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63772739"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.8197,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84187271,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"13","first_page":"4324","last_page":"4324"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tactile-sensor","display_name":"Tactile sensor","score":0.6945950984954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6315454840660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6207006573677063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5491681694984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5279948711395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48552489280700684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","score":0.47411850094795227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.4688234031200409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4181376099586487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.10377290844917297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.07404115796089172}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46722567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7674139","display_name":"Tactile sensor","level":3,"score":0.6945950984954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6315454840660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6207006573677063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5491681694984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5279948711395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48552489280700684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289436","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","level":3,"score":0.47411850094795227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.4688234031200409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4181376099586487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.10377290844917297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.07404115796089172}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005385","descriptor_name":"Fingers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005385","descriptor_name":"Fingers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005385","descriptor_name":"Fingers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21134324","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21134324","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/13/4324/pdf?version=1624585052","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34202796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34202796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.fiu.edu:all_faculty-1587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/all_faculty/367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401637","display_name":"Florida International University Digital Commons (Florida International University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","host_organization_name":"Florida International University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"All Faculty","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2be5c40da2f24454a82308316e48aa3b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2be5c40da2f24454a82308316e48aa3b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 13, p 4324 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/13/4324/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 13; Pages: 4324","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1798527","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1798527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8271906","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8271906","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21134324","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21134324","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/13/4324/pdf?version=1624585052","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1431424931","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"contract TOA#0000403076","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2791573388","display_name":"NRI: Small: EEG and EMG Human Model-Based Adaptive Control of a Dexterous Artificial Hand","funder_award_id":"1536136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3310946185","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1536136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5562117567","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#1317952, #1536136, and #1659484","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G613124838","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01EB025819","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6157556045","display_name":"REU Site: Sensing and Smart Systems","funder_award_id":"1659484","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6244798421","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1317952","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G665455950","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 EB025819","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7820739828","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01EB025819","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8338762417","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TOA#0000403076","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310801","display_name":"Florida Atlantic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p8w6387"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317380","display_name":"Universidad del Atl\u00e1ntico","ror":"https://ror.org/05mm1w714"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00372qc85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3174618717.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3174618717.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W413773885","https://openalex.org/W971303027","https://openalex.org/W1930624869","https://openalex.org/W1972848193","https://openalex.org/W1992496636","https://openalex.org/W2017461624","https://openalex.org/W2031262053","https://openalex.org/W2035737784","https://openalex.org/W2052624941","https://openalex.org/W2073442815","https://openalex.org/W2074936002","https://openalex.org/W2075823253","https://openalex.org/W2080317558","https://openalex.org/W2082462711","https://openalex.org/W2094302409","https://openalex.org/W2099880560","https://openalex.org/W2104544700","https://openalex.org/W2128084896","https://openalex.org/W2134663441","https://openalex.org/W2154553161","https://openalex.org/W2160283079","https://openalex.org/W2171130677","https://openalex.org/W2172007757","https://openalex.org/W2291960855","https://openalex.org/W2325281781","https://openalex.org/W2346248586","https://openalex.org/W2478438654","https://openalex.org/W2552248783","https://openalex.org/W2750692334","https://openalex.org/W2770901093","https://openalex.org/W2774265604","https://openalex.org/W2792316976","https://openalex.org/W2799701649","https://openalex.org/W2812031262","https://openalex.org/W2885021451","https://openalex.org/W2885785398","https://openalex.org/W2890990422","https://openalex.org/W2912845611","https://openalex.org/W2921087491","https://openalex.org/W2952210769","https://openalex.org/W2955839778","https://openalex.org/W2967434365","https://openalex.org/W2973115856","https://openalex.org/W3011137165","https://openalex.org/W3088583151","https://openalex.org/W3093631509","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W6640462745","https://openalex.org/W6758327099"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3193043704","https://openalex.org/W4386259002","https://openalex.org/W1546989560","https://openalex.org/W3171520305","https://openalex.org/W3135126032","https://openalex.org/W1924178503","https://openalex.org/W4396689146","https://openalex.org/W4200112873","https://openalex.org/W2955796858","https://openalex.org/W2004826645"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multifunctional":[0],"flexible":[1],"tactile":[2,21,78,180],"sensors":[3,22],"could":[4,183],"be":[5,184],"useful":[6,185],"to":[7,51,89,130,161,186],"improve":[8],"the":[9,32,44,74,126,134,142,145],"control":[10],"of":[11,34,56,125,191],"prosthetic":[12,36],"hands.":[13,195],"To":[14],"that":[15],"end,":[16],"highly":[17],"stretchable":[18],"liquid":[19],"metal":[20],"(LMS)":[23],"were":[24,41,49,67,101,128],"designed,":[25],"manufactured":[26],"via":[27],"photolithography,":[28],"and":[29,118,132,147,154],"incorporated":[30],"into":[31],"fingertips":[33,48],"a":[35,151,156,188],"hand.":[37],"Three":[38],"novel":[39],"contributions":[40],"made":[42],"with":[43,59,150],"LMS.":[45],"First,":[46],"individual":[47],"used":[50],"distinguish":[52,90,162],"between":[53,91,163],"different":[54,60,97,165],"speeds":[55],"sliding":[57,71],"contact":[58],"surfaces.":[61,95],"Second,":[62],"differences":[63],"in":[64],"surface":[65],"textures":[66],"reliably":[68],"detected":[69],"during":[70],"contact.":[72],"Third,":[73],"capacity":[75],"for":[76,103,177,193],"hierarchical":[77,178],"sensor":[79],"integration":[80,182],"was":[81],"demonstrated":[82],"by":[83],"using":[84,168],"four":[85,169,172],"LMS":[86],"signals":[87],"simultaneously":[88],"ten":[92,164],"complex":[93],"multi-textured":[94,166],"Four":[96],"machine":[98,113,135],"learning":[99,136],"algorithms":[100],"compared":[102],"their":[104],"successful":[105],"classification":[106],"capabilities:":[107],"K-nearest":[108],"neighbor":[109],"(KNN),":[110],"support":[111],"vector":[112],"(SVM),":[114],"random":[115],"forest":[116],"(RF),":[117],"neural":[119],"network":[120],"(NN).":[121],"The":[122,138,175],"time-frequency":[123],"features":[124],"LMSs":[127,170],"extracted":[129],"train":[131],"test":[133],"algorithms.":[137],"NN":[139],"generally":[140],"performed":[141],"best":[143],"at":[144],"speed":[146],"texture":[148],"detection":[149],"single":[152],"finger":[153],"had":[155],"99.2":[157],"\u00b1":[158],"0.8%":[159],"accuracy":[160],"surfaces":[167],"from":[171],"fingers":[173],"simultaneously.":[174],"capability":[176],"multi-finger":[179],"sensation":[181],"provide":[187],"higher":[189],"level":[190],"intelligence":[192],"artificial":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-08T08:33:18.762332","created_date":"2021-07-05T00:00:00"}