{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3173825339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21124226","title":"Signal Expansion Method in Indoor FMCW Radar Systems for Improving Range Resolution","display_name":"Signal Expansion Method in Indoor FMCW Radar Systems for Improving Range Resolution","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3173825339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21124226","mag":"3173825339","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34203035"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21124226","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21124226","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/12/4226/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/12/4226/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002308101","display_name":"Seongmin Baek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7315-4981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seongmin Baek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering & Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering & Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069240204","display_name":"Yunho Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2299-9911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24456540","display_name":"Korea Aerospace University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jmm0651","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24456540"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunho Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Smart Drone Convergence, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Aerospace University, Goyang-si 10540, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Smart Drone Convergence, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Aerospace University, Goyang-si 10540, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24456540"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020502163","display_name":"Seongjoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9344-7052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seongjoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering & Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering & Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020502163"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":16.5635,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98456912,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"12","first_page":"4226","last_page":"4226"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/padding","display_name":"Padding","score":0.8357164859771729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7095909118652344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5625405311584473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5371572971343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-wave-radar","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","score":0.45208752155303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.37258613109588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3621440529823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.28379786014556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.2622053921222687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1806829869747162}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165435473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509884","display_name":"Padding","level":2,"score":0.8357164859771729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7095909118652344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5625405311584473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5371572971343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59584813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029234","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","level":4,"score":0.45208752155303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.37258613109588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3621440529823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28379786014556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.2622053921222687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1806829869747162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21124226","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21124226","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/12/4226/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34203035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34203035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4327c2dbe2ff43539b45a34509d5f0ad","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4327c2dbe2ff43539b45a34509d5f0ad","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 12, p 4226 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/12/4226/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21124226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 12; Pages: 4226","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8235730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8235730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21124226","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21124226","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/12/4226/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4808924944","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2021-2018-0-01423","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8861200091","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2020R1A2C1007546","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3173825339.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3173825339.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506542747","https://openalex.org/W1519791567","https://openalex.org/W1820296392","https://openalex.org/W1837150268","https://openalex.org/W1938474335","https://openalex.org/W1986522512","https://openalex.org/W1990524545","https://openalex.org/W2028843620","https://openalex.org/W2050982928","https://openalex.org/W2062461670","https://openalex.org/W2090586793","https://openalex.org/W2108594837","https://openalex.org/W2136628869","https://openalex.org/W2140515654","https://openalex.org/W2156130719","https://openalex.org/W2268247338","https://openalex.org/W2538481908","https://openalex.org/W2540263644","https://openalex.org/W2774434009","https://openalex.org/W2798205579","https://openalex.org/W2902498617","https://openalex.org/W2964927055","https://openalex.org/W3010569186","https://openalex.org/W3010927971","https://openalex.org/W3016435204","https://openalex.org/W3042309028","https://openalex.org/W3100325602","https://openalex.org/W3103799286","https://openalex.org/W3106474821","https://openalex.org/W3127437687","https://openalex.org/W3129427867","https://openalex.org/W3132073754","https://openalex.org/W3147156754","https://openalex.org/W6648043011"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2142641794","https://openalex.org/W4384947563","https://openalex.org/W2946726629","https://openalex.org/W4231428344","https://openalex.org/W2555581363","https://openalex.org/W2091887884","https://openalex.org/W3154381281","https://openalex.org/W2767592251","https://openalex.org/W3177178041","https://openalex.org/W4323793904"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0,286],"various":[1],"unmanned":[2],"autonomous":[3,8,11,101],"driving":[4,12],"technologies":[5],"such":[6,94],"as":[7,70,95,306],"vehicles":[9],"and":[10,66,84,100,132,149,172,202,228,245,281],"drones":[13],"are":[14,67],"being":[15,29,82],"developed,":[16],"research":[17],"on":[18,49],"FMCW":[19,45,284],"radar,":[20],"a":[21,36,56],"sensor":[22],"related":[23],"to":[24,168,213,231,253,268],"these":[25,75],"technologies,":[26],"is":[27,35,109],"actively":[28],"conducted.":[30],"The":[31,136,217,272],"range":[32,107],"resolution,":[33],"which":[34],"parameter":[37],"for":[38,86],"accurately":[39],"detecting":[40],"an":[41],"object":[42],"in":[43,88,122,142,291,303],"the":[44,50,61,79,106,112,118,123,127,143,158,161,164,169,173,178,182,214,220,233,254,269,278,282,287,292,300],"radar":[46,72,305],"system,":[47],"depends":[48],"modulation":[51,58,114],"bandwidth.":[52],"Expensive":[53],"radars":[54,77],"have":[55,78],"large":[57],"bandwidth,":[59],"use":[60,87],"band":[62],"above":[63],"77":[64],"GHz,":[65],"mainly":[68],"used":[69],"in-vehicle":[71],"sensors.":[73],"However,":[74],"high-performance":[76],"disadvantage":[80],"of":[81,163,177,184,219],"expensive":[83],"burdensome":[85],"areas":[89],"that":[90,189,299],"require":[91],"precise":[92],"sensors,":[93],"indoor":[96],"environment":[97],"motion":[98],"detection":[99,175],"drones.":[102],"In":[103,181,235,257],"this":[104],"paper,":[105],"resolution":[108],"improved":[110,153,197,207,241,263],"beyond":[111],"limited":[113],"bandwidth":[115],"by":[116,198,208,242,249,264],"extending":[117],"beat":[119],"frequency":[120],"signal":[121],"time":[124],"domain":[125],"through":[126,157,277],"proposed":[128,137,273],"Adaptive":[129,193,238],"Mirror":[130,147,194,239],"Padding":[131,195,205,240,248,262],"Phase":[133,203,246,260],"Correction":[134],"Padding.":[135],"algorithm":[138,274,301],"has":[139],"similar":[140,290],"performance":[141],"existing":[144,215,255,270],"Zero":[145],"Padding,":[146,148],"Range":[150],"RMSE,":[151],"but":[152],"results":[154,218,288],"were":[155,223,289],"confirmed":[156,188],"\u03c1s":[159],"indicating":[160],"size":[162],"side":[165],"lobe":[166,171],"compared":[167,212,252,267],"main":[170],"accurate":[174],"rate":[176],"OS":[179,221],"CFAR.":[180],"case":[183],"\u03c1s,":[185],"it":[186,296],"was":[187,196,206,275,297],"with":[190],"single":[191,226,236],"targets,":[192,237,259],"about":[199,209,243,250,265],"3":[200],"times":[201,211],"Correct":[204,247,261],"6":[210],"algorithm.":[216,256,271],"CFAR":[222],"divided":[224],"into":[225],"targets":[227,230],"multiple":[229,258],"confirm":[232],"performance.":[234],"10%":[244],"20%":[251,266],"verified":[276,298],"MATLAB":[279],"Tool":[280],"actual":[283],"radar.":[285],"two":[293],"experimental":[294],"environments,":[295],"works":[302],"real":[304],"well.":[307]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
