{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3171178877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113933","title":"The Concept of the Constructional Solution of the Working Section of a Robot for Harvesting Strawberries","display_name":"The Concept of the Constructional Solution of the Working Section of a Robot for Harvesting Strawberries","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3171178877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113933","mag":"3171178877","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34200416"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21113933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113933","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3933/pdf?version=1623130972","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3933/pdf?version=1623130972","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055363661","display_name":"S. Kurpaska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1885-4568"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019092743","display_name":"University of Agriculture in Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/012dxyr07","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019092743"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S\u0142awomir Kurpaska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza Av. 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza Av. 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019092743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025634939","display_name":"Andrzej Bielecki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0192-3785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I686019","display_name":"AGH University of Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/00bas1c41","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrzej Bielecki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automation, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automation, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krak\u00f3w, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014277958","display_name":"Zygmunt Sobol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0082-7935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019092743","display_name":"University of Agriculture in Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/012dxyr07","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019092743"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zygmunt Sobol","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza Av. 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza Av. 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019092743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011981224","display_name":"Marzena Bielecka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8472-684X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I686019","display_name":"AGH University of Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/00bas1c41","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marzena Bielecka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krak\u00f3w, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048612950","display_name":"Magdalena Habrat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7871-6063"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I686019","display_name":"AGH University of Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/00bas1c41","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Magdalena Habrat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krak\u00f3w, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027269725","display_name":"Piotr \u015amigielski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3820-1583"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Piotr \u015amigielski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Humtap Inc., Sarego Street 26/16, 31-047 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Humtap Inc., Sarego Street 26/16, 31-047 Krak\u00f3w, Poland","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055363661"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019092743"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.77,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85821831,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"11","first_page":"3933","last_page":"3933"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12370","display_name":"Advances in Cucurbitaceae Research","score":0.9373000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12660","display_name":"Plant Disease Management Techniques","score":0.9369000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/row","display_name":"Row","score":0.5378386974334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.4873960614204407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-engineering","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","score":0.4549536108970642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4303951561450958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37640777230262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32256555557250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.08526462316513062}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135598885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366302","display_name":"Row","level":2,"score":0.5378386974334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.4873960614204407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.4549536108970642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4303951561450958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37640777230262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32256555557250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.08526462316513062}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005638","descriptor_name":"Fruit","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005638","descriptor_name":"Fruit","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005638","descriptor_name":"Fruit","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018556","descriptor_name":"Crops, Agricultural","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018556","descriptor_name":"Crops, Agricultural","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018556","descriptor_name":"Crops, Agricultural","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D031985","descriptor_name":"Fragaria","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D031985","descriptor_name":"Fragaria","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D031985","descriptor_name":"Fragaria","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21113933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113933","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3933/pdf?version=1623130972","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34200416","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34200416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1211896a2b1c4d43806f737443c904ce","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1211896a2b1c4d43806f737443c904ce","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 11, p 3933 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/11/3933/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 11; Pages: 3933","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8200985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8200985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21113933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113933","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3933/pdf?version=1623130972","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3171178877.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3171178877.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W156554185","https://openalex.org/W1443825160","https://openalex.org/W1548119923","https://openalex.org/W1925668245","https://openalex.org/W1971365953","https://openalex.org/W1971597869","https://openalex.org/W1974365554","https://openalex.org/W1981083245","https://openalex.org/W1990610278","https://openalex.org/W1997297744","https://openalex.org/W1997928481","https://openalex.org/W2004974688","https://openalex.org/W2016561490","https://openalex.org/W2019394337","https://openalex.org/W2023990428","https://openalex.org/W2031365112","https://openalex.org/W2053028667","https://openalex.org/W2064245748","https://openalex.org/W2104205354","https://openalex.org/W2114688073","https://openalex.org/W2161541556","https://openalex.org/W2231576311","https://openalex.org/W2234545433","https://openalex.org/W2238310311","https://openalex.org/W2238595741","https://openalex.org/W2255560008","https://openalex.org/W2257295833","https://openalex.org/W2263275936","https://openalex.org/W2460932557","https://openalex.org/W2533679114","https://openalex.org/W2571871533","https://openalex.org/W2576926850","https://openalex.org/W2590022237","https://openalex.org/W2608799977","https://openalex.org/W2684604056","https://openalex.org/W2738955867","https://openalex.org/W2753823977","https://openalex.org/W2769377584","https://openalex.org/W2769675275","https://openalex.org/W2769847764","https://openalex.org/W2790568319","https://openalex.org/W2799710270","https://openalex.org/W2883841978","https://openalex.org/W2890715733","https://openalex.org/W2897551749","https://openalex.org/W2911010841","https://openalex.org/W2912605735","https://openalex.org/W2949079091","https://openalex.org/W2963511561","https://openalex.org/W2997833229","https://openalex.org/W3047092341","https://openalex.org/W6656446393","https://openalex.org/W6719345661"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4281971614","https://openalex.org/W2390933768","https://openalex.org/W2467236363","https://openalex.org/W2982353255","https://openalex.org/W2953259538","https://openalex.org/W3008919008","https://openalex.org/W3175260668","https://openalex.org/W3122721839","https://openalex.org/W2184455175","https://openalex.org/W2292909562"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Strawberry":[0],"fruits":[1,158],"are":[2,16],"products":[3],"of":[4,61,79,83,106,115,121,157,166,175,191,209,226,233,244],"high":[5],"commercial":[6],"and":[7,27,58,64,77,124,163,183,196,228],"consumption":[8],"value,":[9],"and,":[10],"at":[11],"the":[12,33,56,62,75,80,103,107,128,138,154,160,164,167,173,176,179,189,200,207,215,224,231,241],"same":[13],"time,":[14],"they":[15],"difficult":[17],"to":[18,21,133,222,230],"harvest":[19],"due":[20,229],"their":[22],"very":[23],"low":[24],"mechanical":[25],"strength":[26],"difficulties":[28],"in":[29,91,95,127,137,172,197,199,213],"identifying":[30],"them":[31],"within":[32,159],"bush.":[34],"Therefore,":[35],"robots":[36],"collecting":[37,51],"strawberries":[38,118],"should":[39,109],"be":[40,149,237],"equipped":[41],"with":[42,113,153],"four":[43],"subsystems:":[44],"a":[45,50,53,65,72,84,210],"video":[46],"object":[47],"detection":[48],"system,":[49],"arm,":[52],"unit":[54],"for":[55,74,86,240],"reception":[57],"possible":[59],"packaging":[60],"fruit,":[63,178],"traction":[66],"system":[67,212],"unit.":[68],"This":[69],"paper":[70,204],"presents":[71],"concept":[73],"design":[76,140],"operation":[78,165],"working":[81,104,168],"section":[82,105],"harvester":[85],"strawberry":[87,161,245],"fruit":[88,180],"crops":[89],"grown":[90],"rows":[92],"or":[93],"beds,":[94],"open":[96],"fields,":[97],"and/or":[98],"under":[99],"cover.":[100],"In":[101,131],"principle,":[102],"combine":[108],"meet":[110,134],"parameters":[111],"comparable":[112],"those":[114],"manually":[116],"harvested":[117,122,129],"(efficiency,":[119],"quality":[120],"fruit)":[123],"minimise":[125],"contamination":[126],"product.":[130],"order":[132],"these":[135,146],"requirements,":[136],"presented":[139],"concept,":[141],"it":[142,235],"was":[143,186],"assumed":[144],"that":[145],"activities":[147],"would":[148],"performed":[150],"during":[151],"harvesting":[152],"natural":[155],"distribution":[156],"bush,":[162],"head":[169],"arm":[170],"maneuvering":[171],"vicinity":[174],"picked":[177],"receiving":[181],"unit,":[182],"other":[184],"obstacles":[185],"developed":[187],"on":[188],"basis":[190],"image":[192],"analysis,":[193],"initially":[194],"general,":[195],"detail":[198],"final":[201],"phase.":[202],"The":[203],"also":[205],"discusses":[206],"idea":[208],"vision":[211],"which":[214],"algorithm":[216],"used":[217,239],"has":[218],"been":[219],"positively":[220],"tested":[221],"identify":[223],"shapes":[225],"objects,":[227],"similarity":[232],"space,":[234],"can":[236],"successfully":[238],"correct":[242],"location":[243],"fruit.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
