{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3165370429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113771","title":"Estimation of Motion and Respiratory Characteristics during the Meditation Practice Based on Video Analysis","display_name":"Estimation of Motion and Respiratory Characteristics during the Meditation Practice Based on Video Analysis","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3165370429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113771","mag":"3165370429","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34072291"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21113771","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113771","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3771/pdf?version=1622462089","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3771/pdf?version=1622462089","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016499776","display_name":"Alexey Kashevnik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6503-1447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165514","display_name":"Photochemistry Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05s61gx60","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210145551","https://openalex.org/I4210165514"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144352","display_name":"State Research Center of the Russian Federation","ror":"https://ror.org/04qpssw85","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144352"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313323035","display_name":"Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qrfxd25","country_code":"RU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexey Kashevnik","raw_affiliation_strings":["St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS), 199178 St. Petersburg, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS), 199178 St. Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144352","https://openalex.org/I4210165514","https://openalex.org/I1313323035"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022608342","display_name":"Walaa Othman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8581-1333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173089394","display_name":"ITMO University","ror":"https://ror.org/04txgxn49","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walaa Othman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology and Programming Faculty, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology and Programming Faculty, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026679874","display_name":"Igor Ryabchikov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7481-6991"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173089394","display_name":"ITMO University","ror":"https://ror.org/04txgxn49","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor Ryabchikov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology and Programming Faculty, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology and Programming Faculty, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013616253","display_name":"Nikolay Shilov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9264-9127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144352","display_name":"State Research Center of the Russian Federation","ror":"https://ror.org/04qpssw85","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144352"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313323035","display_name":"Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qrfxd25","country_code":"RU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165514","display_name":"Photochemistry Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05s61gx60","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210145551","https://openalex.org/I4210165514"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolay Shilov","raw_affiliation_strings":["St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS), 199178 St. Petersburg, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS), 199178 St. Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144352","https://openalex.org/I4210165514","https://openalex.org/I1313323035"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016499776"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210144352","https://openalex.org/I4210165514"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.6768,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64940032,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"11","first_page":"3771","last_page":"3771"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9749000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.9606000185012817,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meditation","display_name":"Meditation","score":0.8463891744613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breathing","display_name":"Breathing","score":0.6709559559822083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5950518846511841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5412492156028748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.5288435220718384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5219823122024536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.4742271602153778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-rate","display_name":"Respiratory rate","score":0.4606281816959381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","score":0.4216436743736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shoulders","display_name":"Shoulders","score":0.4182947278022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.4124048948287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.22646671533584595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1568892002105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate","display_name":"Heart rate","score":0.132798969745636}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521822307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108458","display_name":"Meditation","level":2,"score":0.8463891744613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39300077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9530","display_name":"Breathing","level":2,"score":0.6709559559822083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5950518846511841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5412492156028748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.5288435220718384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5219823122024536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.4742271602153778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8213797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754250","display_name":"Respiratory rate","level":4,"score":0.4606281816959381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4216436743736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777325788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16363","display_name":"Shoulders","level":2,"score":0.4182947278022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4124048948287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.22646671533584595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1568892002105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.132798969745636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019122","descriptor_name":"Meditation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019122","descriptor_name":"Meditation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019122","descriptor_name":"Meditation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056152","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056152","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056152","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21113771","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113771","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3771/pdf?version=1622462089","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34072291","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34072291","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f6730377d8fd4ac591fd858f135d2383","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f6730377d8fd4ac591fd858f135d2383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 11, p 3771 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/11/3771/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 11; Pages: 3771","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8199391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8199391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21113771","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113771","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3771/pdf?version=1622462089","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8103535645","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20-37-90118","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321079","funder_display_name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321079","display_name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh1ke95"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3165370429.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3165370429.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513100184","https://openalex.org/W1957239790","https://openalex.org/W1989270564","https://openalex.org/W1996840852","https://openalex.org/W2105101328","https://openalex.org/W2122534450","https://openalex.org/W2286655030","https://openalex.org/W2604375920","https://openalex.org/W2771803504","https://openalex.org/W2794638388","https://openalex.org/W2797516094","https://openalex.org/W2904487485","https://openalex.org/W2913016100","https://openalex.org/W2914872451","https://openalex.org/W2948246283","https://openalex.org/W2953011828","https://openalex.org/W2967043539","https://openalex.org/W2975941018","https://openalex.org/W2991391304","https://openalex.org/W3021938781","https://openalex.org/W3024519232","https://openalex.org/W3035419359","https://openalex.org/W3035480680","https://openalex.org/W3038622886","https://openalex.org/W3042649190","https://openalex.org/W3046142657","https://openalex.org/W3127637041","https://openalex.org/W3158303258","https://openalex.org/W4242747371"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097168487","https://openalex.org/W2239057824","https://openalex.org/W4281971433","https://openalex.org/W2069513325","https://openalex.org/W4236263371","https://openalex.org/W2970568414","https://openalex.org/W2921132911","https://openalex.org/W2098383409","https://openalex.org/W2042041186","https://openalex.org/W3196195804"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Meditation":[0],"practice":[1,137,189],"is":[2,208],"mental":[3],"health":[4],"training.":[5],"It":[6],"helps":[7,27],"people":[8],"to":[9,29,39,61,85,113],"reduce":[10],"stress":[11],"and":[12,50,52,92,98,127,143,158,161,170,182,198],"suppress":[13],"negative":[14],"thoughts.":[15],"In":[16],"this":[17,106],"paper,":[18],"we":[19],"propose":[20],"a":[21,58,68,132],"camera-based":[22],"meditation":[23,136,188,219],"evaluation":[24,181],"system,":[25],"that":[26,184,199],"meditators":[28,160],"improve":[30],"their":[31],"performance.":[32],"We":[33,56,108,129],"rely":[34],"on":[35,67],"two":[36],"main":[37],"criteria":[38],"measure":[40,62],"the":[41,43,53,63,73,87,94,100,115,144,165,168,173,195,200,205,218],"focus:":[42],"breathing":[44,48],"characteristics":[45],"(respiratory":[46],"rate,":[47],"rhythmicity":[49],"stability),":[51],"body":[54,119],"movement.":[55],"introduce":[57],"contactless":[59],"sensor":[60],"respiratory":[64,206],"rate":[65,207],"based":[66,83],"smartphone":[69],"camera":[70],"by":[71,194],"detecting":[72,114],"chest":[74,95],"keypoint":[75],"at":[76],"each":[77],"frame,":[78],"using":[79],"an":[80,111],"optical":[81],"flow":[82],"algorithm":[84,169],"calculate":[86],"displacement":[88],"between":[89],"frames,":[90],"filtering":[91],"de-noising":[93],"movement":[96,116],"signal,":[97],"calculating":[99],"number":[101],"of":[102,117,140,148,167],"real":[103],"peaks":[104],"in":[105],"signal.":[107],"also":[109],"present":[110],"approach":[112,197],"different":[118],"parts":[120],"(head,":[121],"thorax,":[122],"shoulders,":[123],"elbows,":[124],"wrists,":[125],"stomach":[126],"knees).":[128],"have":[130],"collected":[131],"non-annotated":[133,152],"dataset":[134,146,153,177],"for":[135,164,171,180,204,217],"videos":[138,142],"consists":[139,147],"ninety":[141],"annotated":[145,176],"eight":[149],"videos.":[150],"The":[151,175],"was":[154,162,178],"categorized":[155],"into":[156],"beginner":[157],"professional":[159],"used":[163,179],"development":[166],"tuning":[172],"parameters.":[174],"showed":[183],"human":[185],"activity":[186],"during":[187],"could":[190],"be":[191,214],"correctly":[192],"estimated":[193],"presented":[196],"mean":[201],"absolute":[202],"error":[203],"around":[209],"1.75":[210],"BPM,":[211],"which":[212],"can":[213],"considered":[215],"tolerable":[216],"application.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
