{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3160086605","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103408","title":"Malicious Activity Detection in Lightweight Wearable and IoT Devices Using Signal Stitching","display_name":"Malicious Activity Detection in Lightweight Wearable and IoT Devices Using Signal Stitching","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3160086605","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103408","mag":"3160086605","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34068359"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21103408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103408","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/10/3408/pdf?version=1620972340","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/10/3408/pdf?version=1620972340","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066885843","display_name":"Fatih Karabacak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0505-007X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fatih Karabacak","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084255924","display_name":"\u00dcmit Y. Ogras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5045-5535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Umit Ogras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058946013","display_name":"Sule Ozev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3636-715X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sule Ozev","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066885843"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.9432,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71796444,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"10","first_page":"3408","last_page":"3408"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firmware","display_name":"Firmware","score":0.908388078212738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-trojan","display_name":"Hardware Trojan","score":0.7275924682617188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-stitching","display_name":"Image stitching","score":0.6417903304100037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5937493443489075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5768834948539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5710135698318481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.5497961640357971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.49064627289772034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.43900245428085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.4358295202255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4300578236579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.4131254255771637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4062756896018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trojan","display_name":"Trojan","score":0.4014279246330261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.18958082795143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13486483693122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09247612953186035}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67212190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104851","display_name":"Firmware","level":2,"score":0.908388078212738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780873074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5656397","display_name":"Hardware Trojan","level":3,"score":0.7275924682617188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29081049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364242","display_name":"Image stitching","level":2,"score":0.6417903304100037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5937493443489075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5768834948539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5710135698318481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.5497961640357971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.49064627289772034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.43900245428085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.4358295202255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4300578236579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.4131254255771637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4062756896018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174333608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19635","display_name":"Trojan","level":2,"score":0.4014279246330261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.18958082795143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13486483693122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09247612953186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004581","descriptor_name":"Electronics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004581","descriptor_name":"Electronics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004581","descriptor_name":"Electronics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004581","descriptor_name":"Electronics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21103408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103408","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/10/3408/pdf?version=1620972340","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34068359","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34068359","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:451dbb1a65d74f46a2f30b3d00eb587f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/451dbb1a65d74f46a2f30b3d00eb587f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 10, p 3408 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/10/3408/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21103408","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 10; Pages: 3408","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8153288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8153288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21103408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103408","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/10/3408/pdf?version=1620972340","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G375301719","display_name":"CPS: Medium: Collaborative Research: Constantly on the Lookout: Low-cost Sensor Enabled Explosive Detection to Protect High Density Environments","funder_award_id":"1739451","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5199398392","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1617562","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5921281487","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"number","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7915442799","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CPS-1739451","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8523113295","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-1617562","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3160086605.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3160086605.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W162878183","https://openalex.org/W290847516","https://openalex.org/W1505594662","https://openalex.org/W1579574516","https://openalex.org/W1969501726","https://openalex.org/W1981831649","https://openalex.org/W1989925597","https://openalex.org/W1995558750","https://openalex.org/W2008284146","https://openalex.org/W2009009482","https://openalex.org/W2014066342","https://openalex.org/W2014984364","https://openalex.org/W2026891388","https://openalex.org/W2034151099","https://openalex.org/W2046705287","https://openalex.org/W2065955975","https://openalex.org/W2097624522","https://openalex.org/W2106366482","https://openalex.org/W2115394282","https://openalex.org/W2120562931","https://openalex.org/W2130630988","https://openalex.org/W2142009725","https://openalex.org/W2145937629","https://openalex.org/W2149209089","https://openalex.org/W2161262848","https://openalex.org/W2161998562","https://openalex.org/W2304769060","https://openalex.org/W2330650066","https://openalex.org/W2341128141","https://openalex.org/W2401406975","https://openalex.org/W2406734572","https://openalex.org/W2519873625","https://openalex.org/W2560184703","https://openalex.org/W2765448450","https://openalex.org/W2770944024","https://openalex.org/W2774907644","https://openalex.org/W2787744061","https://openalex.org/W2899702912","https://openalex.org/W2900335544","https://openalex.org/W2902622436","https://openalex.org/W2906145057","https://openalex.org/W2961896594","https://openalex.org/W2966979469","https://openalex.org/W2978954066","https://openalex.org/W2995883584","https://openalex.org/W3039102420","https://openalex.org/W3126544425","https://openalex.org/W3150167865","https://openalex.org/W4231260998","https://openalex.org/W4233739338","https://openalex.org/W4246316905","https://openalex.org/W4247267706","https://openalex.org/W4247881240","https://openalex.org/W4255645355","https://openalex.org/W4287219767","https://openalex.org/W6771876859","https://openalex.org/W6950262792"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385434494","https://openalex.org/W4391584122","https://openalex.org/W3159333627","https://openalex.org/W3004467197","https://openalex.org/W1500594134","https://openalex.org/W2091750459","https://openalex.org/W4328053173","https://openalex.org/W3084939900","https://openalex.org/W2382172865","https://openalex.org/W4321062229"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,85,164],"integrated":[1],"circuit":[2],"(IC)":[3],"manufacturing":[4],"process":[5],"involves":[6],"many":[7],"players,":[8,34],"from":[9,32,80],"chip/board":[10],"design":[11,16],"and":[12,17,63,102,177],"fabrication":[13],"to":[14,30,43,46,58,122,148,157],"firmware":[15,83],"installation.":[18],"In":[19],"today's":[20],"global":[21],"supply":[22,61],"chain,":[23],"any":[24],"of":[25,95,126,142,183,202],"these":[26],"steps":[27],"are":[28],"prone":[29],"interference":[31],"rogue":[33],"creating":[35],"a":[36,71,109,149,173,181,194],"security":[37],"risk.":[38],"Therefore,":[39],"manufactured":[40],"devices":[41],"need":[42],"be":[44],"verified":[45],"perform":[47],"only":[48,65],"their":[49],"intended":[50],"operations":[51],"since":[52],"it":[53],"is":[54,112,118,146,168,212],"not":[55],"economically":[56],"feasible":[57],"control":[59],"the":[60,96,115,124,132,139,143,189],"chain":[62],"use":[64],"trusted":[66,110],"facilities.":[67],"This":[68],"paper":[69],"presents":[70],"detection":[72,162,191,197],"technique":[73,87,117,192],"for":[74,199],"malicious":[75,200],"activity":[76,145],"that":[77,138],"can":[78],"stem":[79],"hardware":[81],"or":[82,128],"Trojans.":[84],"proposed":[86,116,165,190],"relies":[88],"on":[89,120,172],"(i)":[90],"repetitious":[91],"side-channel":[92],"sample":[93,111],"collection":[94],"active":[97],"device,":[98],"(ii)":[99],"time-domain":[100],"stitching,":[101],"(iii)":[103],"frequency":[104,133],"domain":[105],"analysis.":[106],"Since":[107],"finding":[108],"generally":[113],"impractical,":[114],"based":[119],"self-referencing":[121,159],"remove":[123],"effects":[125],"environmental":[127],"device-to-device":[129],"variation":[130],"in":[131],"domain.":[134],"We":[135],"first":[136],"observe":[137],"power":[140],"spectrum":[141],"Trojan":[144],"confined":[147],"low-frequency":[150],"band.":[151],"Then,":[152],"we":[153],"exploit":[154],"this":[155],"fact":[156],"achieve":[158],"using":[160],"signal":[161],"theory.":[163],"technique's":[166],"effectiveness":[167],"demonstrated":[169],"through":[170],"experiments":[171],"wearable":[174],"electronics":[175],"prototype":[176],"system-on-chip":[178],"(SoC)":[179],"under":[180],"variety":[182],"practical":[184],"scenarios.":[185],"Experimental":[186],"results":[187],"show":[188],"enables":[193],"high":[195],"overall":[196],"coverage":[198],"activities":[201],"varying":[203],"types":[204],"with":[205],"0.8":[206],"s":[207],"monitoring":[208],"time":[209],"overhead,":[210],"which":[211],"negligible.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}