{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3162832397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103348","title":"Humidity Sensing by Chitosan-Coated Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBG)","display_name":"Humidity Sensing by Chitosan-Coated Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBG)","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3162832397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103348","mag":"3162832397","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34065838"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21103348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103348","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/10/3348/pdf?version=1620799433","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/10/3348/pdf?version=1620799433","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040250810","display_name":"Rosaria D\u2019Amato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2200-8145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110120368","display_name":"National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development","ror":"https://ror.org/02an8es95","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110120368"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rosaria D\u2019Amato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Micro and Nanostructures Laboratory, Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, FSN-TECFIS-MNF, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi, 45, 00044 Frascati, RM, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Micro and Nanostructures Laboratory, Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, FSN-TECFIS-MNF, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi, 45, 00044 Frascati, RM, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110120368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052819660","display_name":"Andrea Polimadei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3587-6905"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110120368","display_name":"National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development","ror":"https://ror.org/02an8es95","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110120368"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Polimadei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Micro and Nanostructures Laboratory, Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, FSN-TECFIS-MNF, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi, 45, 00044 Frascati, RM, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Micro and Nanostructures Laboratory, Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, FSN-TECFIS-MNF, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi, 45, 00044 Frascati, RM, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110120368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083237287","display_name":"G. Terranova","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110120368","display_name":"National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development","ror":"https://ror.org/02an8es95","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110120368"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaetano Terranova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Micro and Nanostructures Laboratory, Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, FSN-TECFIS-MNF, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi, 45, 00044 Frascati, RM, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Micro and Nanostructures Laboratory, Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, FSN-TECFIS-MNF, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi, 45, 00044 Frascati, RM, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110120368"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062624866","display_name":"M. Caponero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5728-3123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110120368","display_name":"National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development","ror":"https://ror.org/02an8es95","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110120368"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michele Arturo Caponero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Micro and Nanostructures Laboratory, Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, FSN-TECFIS-MNF, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi, 45, 00044 Frascati, RM, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Micro and Nanostructures Laboratory, Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, FSN-TECFIS-MNF, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi, 45, 00044 Frascati, RM, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110120368"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062624866"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110120368"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.3275,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88605137,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"10","first_page":"3348","last_page":"3348"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9786999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10461","display_name":"Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7463099956512451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humidity","display_name":"Humidity","score":0.7152460813522339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coating","display_name":"Coating","score":0.707080066204071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-bragg-grating","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","score":0.6526795029640198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moisture","display_name":"Moisture","score":0.5788792371749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-humidity","display_name":"Relative humidity","score":0.568743109703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chitosan","display_name":"Chitosan","score":0.5169684290885925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.4912106394767761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swelling","display_name":"Swelling","score":0.44936928153038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.4193441867828369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3352896571159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.32909202575683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.12205174565315247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.11818188428878784}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7463099956512451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151420433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180600","display_name":"Humidity","level":2,"score":0.7152460813522339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781448156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570182","display_name":"Coating","level":2,"score":0.707080066204071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43091971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397391","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","level":3,"score":0.6526795029640198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.5788792371749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158960510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180600","display_name":"Relative humidity","level":2,"score":0.568743109703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779732960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408510","display_name":"Chitosan","level":2,"score":0.5169684290885925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.4912106394767761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778540859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152234","display_name":"Swelling","level":2,"score":0.44936928153038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.4193441867828369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3352896571159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.32909202575683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.12205174565315247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.11818188428878784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21103348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103348","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/10/3348/pdf?version=1620799433","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34065838","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34065838","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a31c6d176f644d5bbc69719ab05138a1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a31c6d176f644d5bbc69719ab05138a1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 10, p 3348 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/10/3348/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21103348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 10; Pages: 3348","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8151895","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8151895","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21103348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103348","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/10/3348/pdf?version=1620799433","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326076","display_name":"Regione Lazio","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3162832397.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3162832397.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W611436977","https://openalex.org/W648919156","https://openalex.org/W1571615924","https://openalex.org/W1975014213","https://openalex.org/W1980274546","https://openalex.org/W1987074289","https://openalex.org/W2010285220","https://openalex.org/W2020415097","https://openalex.org/W2032404838","https://openalex.org/W2038702822","https://openalex.org/W2040096384","https://openalex.org/W2040635997","https://openalex.org/W2054602567","https://openalex.org/W2054756622","https://openalex.org/W2057896995","https://openalex.org/W2065619035","https://openalex.org/W2070679653","https://openalex.org/W2082259842","https://openalex.org/W2084322982","https://openalex.org/W2107616928","https://openalex.org/W2117229085","https://openalex.org/W2120802181","https://openalex.org/W2136295421","https://openalex.org/W2140637004","https://openalex.org/W2155280774","https://openalex.org/W2289518735","https://openalex.org/W2466312587","https://openalex.org/W2501980888","https://openalex.org/W2512385421","https://openalex.org/W2605006947","https://openalex.org/W2735776589","https://openalex.org/W2779896727","https://openalex.org/W2789462357","https://openalex.org/W2802393847","https://openalex.org/W2911054431","https://openalex.org/W3014275647","https://openalex.org/W3037930154","https://openalex.org/W3042946602","https://openalex.org/W6993218569","https://openalex.org/W7018176385"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120330316","https://openalex.org/W3109122827","https://openalex.org/W2371502604","https://openalex.org/W1915386939","https://openalex.org/W2013511864","https://openalex.org/W1586733611","https://openalex.org/W2366365583","https://openalex.org/W1642018725","https://openalex.org/W2181379992","https://openalex.org/W2380249611"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,24],"work,":[2],"we":[3],"report":[4],"novel":[5],"relative":[6],"humidity":[7,122],"sensors":[8,61,117],"realized":[9],"by":[10],"functionalising":[11],"fibre":[12,27],"Bragg":[13],"gratings":[14],"with":[15],"chitosan,":[16],"a":[17,84],"moisture-sensitive":[18],"biopolymer":[19],"never":[20],"used":[21],"before":[22],"for":[23,83,92],"kind":[25],"of":[26,33,48,59,79,112],"optic":[28],"sensor.":[29],"The":[30,57,74,115],"swelling":[31],"capacity":[32],"chitosan":[34],"is":[35],"fundamental":[36],"to":[37,125],"the":[38,46,60,98,113,120,126],"sensing":[39],"mechanism.":[40],"Different":[41],"samples":[42],"were":[43,95,106],"fabricated,":[44],"testing":[45],"influence":[47],"coating":[49],"design":[50,94],"and":[51,103],"deposition":[52],"procedure":[53],"on":[54,87],"sensor":[55,85],"performance.":[56],"sensitivity":[58,80],"was":[62,81],"measured":[63],"in":[64,77,97],"an":[65],"airtight":[66],"humidity-controlled":[67],"chamber":[68],"using":[69],"saturated":[70],"chemical":[71],"salt":[72],"solutions.":[73],"best":[75],"result":[76],"terms":[78],"obtained":[82],"produced":[86,116],"filter":[88],"paper":[89],"substrate.":[90],"Tests":[91],"each":[93],"performed":[96],"environment,":[99],"lasted":[100],"several":[101],"days,":[102],"all":[104],"designs":[105],"independently":[107],"re-tested":[108],"at":[109],"different":[110],"seasons":[111],"year.":[114],"closely":[118],"followed":[119],"ambient":[121],"variation":[123],"common":[124],"24-h":[127],"circadian":[128],"cycle.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2021-05-24T00:00:00"}
