{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3152515792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082807","title":"Estimation of the Continuous Walking Angle of Knee and Ankle (Talocrural Joint, Subtalar Joint) of a Lower-Limb Exoskeleton Robot Using a Neural Network","display_name":"Estimation of the Continuous Walking Angle of Knee and Ankle (Talocrural Joint, Subtalar Joint) of a Lower-Limb Exoskeleton Robot Using a Neural Network","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3152515792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082807","mag":"3152515792","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33923587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21082807","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082807","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/8/2807/pdf?version=1618901546","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/8/2807/pdf?version=1618901546","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100363873","display_name":"Tae Hoon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6396-9378"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taehoon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020512197","display_name":"Inwoo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9453-7698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inwoo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9453-7698","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102739849","display_name":"Soo-Hong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2168-642X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Soo-Hong Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102739849"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":1.6691,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82454077,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"8","first_page":"2807","last_page":"2807"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ankle","display_name":"Ankle","score":0.7134230136871338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","score":0.7119829058647156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exoskeleton","display_name":"Exoskeleton","score":0.6767033338546753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knee-joint","display_name":"Knee Joint","score":0.6003594994544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait","display_name":"Gait","score":0.56419837474823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subtalar-joint","display_name":"Subtalar joint","score":0.5222854614257812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.4984867572784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49642616510391235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait-analysis","display_name":"Gait analysis","score":0.46588319540023804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.4129409193992615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.38228175044059753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.3013499975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2667837142944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.25849831104278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.238662987947464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.11503499746322632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.0923144519329071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.0790906548500061}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778640784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168002","display_name":"Ankle","level":2,"score":0.7134230136871338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.7119829058647156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146549078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191944","display_name":"Exoskeleton","level":2,"score":0.6767033338546753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908736133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37425","display_name":"Knee Joint","level":2,"score":0.6003594994544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.56419837474823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778867527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7632190","display_name":"Subtalar joint","level":3,"score":0.5222854614257812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.4984867572784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49642616510391235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173906292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1493441","display_name":"Gait analysis","level":3,"score":0.46588319540023804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.4129409193992615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.38228175044059753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.3013499975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2667837142944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.25849831104278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.238662987947464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.11503499746322632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0923144519329071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0790906548500061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000067190","descriptor_name":"Exoskeleton Device","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000067190","descriptor_name":"Exoskeleton Device","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000067190","descriptor_name":"Exoskeleton Device","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000842","descriptor_name":"Ankle","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000842","descriptor_name":"Ankle","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000842","descriptor_name":"Ankle","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000843","descriptor_name":"Ankle Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000843","descriptor_name":"Ankle Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000843","descriptor_name":"Ankle Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007719","descriptor_name":"Knee Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007719","descriptor_name":"Knee Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007719","descriptor_name":"Knee Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013380","descriptor_name":"Subtalar Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013380","descriptor_name":"Subtalar Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013380","descriptor_name":"Subtalar Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21082807","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082807","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/8/2807/pdf?version=1618901546","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33923587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33923587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:af0d5dce575145aebeef94d7f548312e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/af0d5dce575145aebeef94d7f548312e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 8, p 2807 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/8/2807/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082807","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 8; Pages: 2807","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8072591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8072591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21082807","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082807","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/8/2807/pdf?version=1618901546","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3152515792.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3152515792.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1955518172","https://openalex.org/W1986707268","https://openalex.org/W1987146554","https://openalex.org/W2020827543","https://openalex.org/W2081254081","https://openalex.org/W2137677750","https://openalex.org/W2144781570","https://openalex.org/W2158764002","https://openalex.org/W2207574543","https://openalex.org/W2276448469","https://openalex.org/W2506456514","https://openalex.org/W2527381635","https://openalex.org/W2584807945","https://openalex.org/W2616425040","https://openalex.org/W2773166896","https://openalex.org/W2791820053","https://openalex.org/W2889974070","https://openalex.org/W2900402358","https://openalex.org/W2903600500","https://openalex.org/W2969115274","https://openalex.org/W3089922972","https://openalex.org/W3098955568","https://openalex.org/W3109580821","https://openalex.org/W3120695705"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2887985348","https://openalex.org/W2401700601","https://openalex.org/W2901258812","https://openalex.org/W3017269254","https://openalex.org/W2570835373","https://openalex.org/W2992410632","https://openalex.org/W2768717251","https://openalex.org/W2025756212","https://openalex.org/W1557333606","https://openalex.org/W3082879976"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"lower-limb":[1,52],"exoskeleton":[2,127],"robot":[3],"identifies":[4],"the":[5,11,26,33,36,44,51,59,65,68,74,82,94,102,108,155,159,163,167,170,176,190,199,219,226,234,238,249],"wearer's":[6,27],"walking":[7,12,79,114,134,156,183],"intention":[8],"and":[9,38,70,96,104,162,166,172,229,260],"assists":[10],"movement":[13,28],"through":[14,158,184],"mechanical":[15],"force;":[16],"thus,":[17],"it":[18,247],"is":[19],"important":[20],"to":[21,24,85,93,121,132,154],"be":[22,41],"able":[23],"identify":[25],"in":[29,43,56,144,180,194],"real-time.":[30,195],"Measurement":[31],"of":[32,35,46,67,73,107,119,169,175,251,254],"angle":[34,61,100,165,200],"knee":[37,60,164,220],"ankle":[39,75,177],"can":[40],"difficult":[42],"case":[45],"patients":[47,257],"who":[48],"cannot":[49],"move":[50],"joint":[53],"properly.":[54],"Therefore,":[55,237],"this":[57],"study,":[58],"as":[62,64,206,246],"well":[63],"angles":[66,168,253],"talocrural":[69,171,227],"subtalar":[71,173,235],"joints":[72,174],"were":[76,111,136,178],"estimated":[77,179,205],"during":[78,182],"by":[80],"applying":[81],"neural":[83,140,187],"network":[84,141,188],"two":[86],"inertial":[87],"measurement":[88],"unit":[89],"(IMU)":[90],"sensors":[91],"attached":[92],"thigh":[95],"shank.":[97],"First,":[98],"for":[99,218,225,233,243],"estimation,":[101],"gyroscope":[103],"accelerometer":[105],"data":[106,192],"IMU":[109,160,191],"sensor":[110],"obtained":[112],"while":[113,124],"at":[115],"a":[116,139,185],"treadmill":[117],"speed":[118,135,157],"1":[120],"2.5":[122],"km/h":[123],"wearing":[125],"an":[126,148],"robot.":[128],"The":[129],"weights":[130],"according":[131,153],"each":[133],"calculated":[137],"using":[138,189,258],"algorithm":[142,240],"programmed":[143],"MATLAB":[145],"software.":[146],"Second,":[147],"appropriate":[149],"weight":[150],"was":[151,203],"selected":[152],"data,":[161],"real-time":[181],"feedforward":[186],"received":[193],"We":[196],"confirmed":[197],"that":[198],"estimation":[201],"error":[202,212],"accurately":[204],"1.69\u00b0":[207],"\u00b1":[208,214,223,231],"1.43":[209],"(mean":[210],"absolute":[211],"(MAE)":[213],"standard":[215],"deviation":[216],"(SD))":[217],"joint,":[221,228],"1.29\u00b0":[222],"1.01":[224],"0.82\u00b0":[230],"0.69":[232],"joint.":[236],"proposed":[239],"has":[241],"potential":[242],"gait":[244],"rehabilitation":[245],"addresses":[248],"difficulty":[250],"estimating":[252],"lower":[255],"extremity":[256],"torque":[259],"EMG":[261],"sensors.":[262]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
