{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3156679363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082688","title":"CPW Fed Compact UWB 4-Element MIMO Antenna with High Isolation","display_name":"CPW Fed Compact UWB 4-Element MIMO Antenna with High Isolation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3156679363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082688","mag":"3156679363","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33920351"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21082688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082688","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/8/2688/pdf?version=1618286190","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/8/2688/pdf?version=1618286190","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072504674","display_name":"Wenfei Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2114-679X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenfei Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2114-679X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014905684","display_name":"Shaoxiang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8175-1417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaoxiang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102890563","display_name":"Junjie Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3075-3946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjie Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100781356","display_name":"Chunhua Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7522-2279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunhua Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016225895","display_name":"Salam K. Khamas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-4107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salam K. Khamas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-4107","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072504674"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":33.3613,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99401948,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"8","first_page":"2688","last_page":"2688"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12024","display_name":"Ultra-Wideband Communications Technology","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monopole-antenna","display_name":"Monopole antenna","score":0.5818050503730774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-measurement","display_name":"Antenna measurement","score":0.5303481221199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-factor","display_name":"Antenna factor","score":0.5232652425765991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4989194869995117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dipole-antenna","display_name":"Dipole antenna","score":0.495003879070282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-efficiency","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","score":0.4725370407104492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.4723288416862488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-plane","display_name":"Ground plane","score":0.4673953950405121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stub","display_name":"Stub (electronics)","score":0.4390592873096466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-gain","display_name":"Diversity gain","score":0.4342937767505646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3986291289329529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3753414750099182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37149685621261597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.36689895391464233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.3323781490325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.31885993480682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.08789494633674622}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95496425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1466248","display_name":"Monopole antenna","level":3,"score":0.5818050503730774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158616128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771260","display_name":"Antenna measurement","level":3,"score":0.5303481221199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196931383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771253","display_name":"Antenna factor","level":4,"score":0.5232652425765991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4989194869995117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113145756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126859","display_name":"Dipole antenna","level":3,"score":0.495003879070282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160844929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55604036","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","level":4,"score":0.4725370407104492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.4723288416862488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88764893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1547722","display_name":"Ground plane","level":3,"score":0.4673953950405121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63676506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3976238","display_name":"Stub (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.4390592873096466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164785522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283966","display_name":"Diversity gain","level":4,"score":0.4342937767505646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3986291289329529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3753414750099182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37149685621261597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.36689895391464233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.3323781490325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.31885993480682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.08789494633674622}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21082688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082688","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/8/2688/pdf?version=1618286190","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33920351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33920351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:173482","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e811679aa364411284084e5fa1908356","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e811679aa364411284084e5fa1908356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 8, p 2688 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/8/2688/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 8; Pages: 2688","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8069397","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8069397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21082688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082688","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/8/2688/pdf?version=1618286190","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3156679363.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3156679363.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510555075","https://openalex.org/W1765894122","https://openalex.org/W2008065951","https://openalex.org/W2055728292","https://openalex.org/W2081503037","https://openalex.org/W2102964485","https://openalex.org/W2128412189","https://openalex.org/W2129766733","https://openalex.org/W2130856580","https://openalex.org/W2283643919","https://openalex.org/W2286323158","https://openalex.org/W2300647569","https://openalex.org/W2323087365","https://openalex.org/W2332080560","https://openalex.org/W2492351627","https://openalex.org/W2719909113","https://openalex.org/W2779263793","https://openalex.org/W2789321687","https://openalex.org/W2985849463","https://openalex.org/W3037940241","https://openalex.org/W3047693665"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2343010124","https://openalex.org/W2757534726","https://openalex.org/W2993591583","https://openalex.org/W2106708003","https://openalex.org/W1983542015","https://openalex.org/W3127077172","https://openalex.org/W1531134879","https://openalex.org/W2755550809","https://openalex.org/W2725879490","https://openalex.org/W2800670831"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,34,97],"the":[1,36,46,49,53,64,80,99,111,127,131],"paper,":[2],"an":[3],"extremely":[4],"compact":[5],"multiple-input-multiple-output":[6],"(MIMO)":[7],"antenna":[8,24,40,82,102,128],"is":[9,42,120],"proposed":[10,18,81],"for":[11],"portable":[12],"wireless":[13],"ultrawideband":[14],"(UWB)":[15],"applications.":[16],"The":[17,115],"prototype":[19],"consists":[20],"of":[21,86],"four":[22],"monopole":[23],"elements,":[25],"which":[26,124],"are":[27],"placed":[28],"perpendicularly":[29],"to":[30,63,66],"achieve":[31],"polarization":[32,132],"diversity.":[33],"addition,":[35,98],"mutual":[37],"coupling":[38],"between":[39,48],"elements":[41],"suppressed":[43],"by":[44],"designing":[45],"gap":[47],"radiation":[50,105],"element":[51],"and":[52,75,107],"ground":[54],"plane.":[55],"Moreover,":[56],"a":[57,84,90],"matching":[58,69],"stub":[59],"has":[60,83],"been":[61],"connected":[62],"feedline":[65],"ensure":[67],"impedance":[68],"in":[70],"high":[71,91],"frequency.":[72],"Both":[73],"simulated":[74],"measured":[76],"results":[77],"indicate":[78],"that":[79,126],"bandwidth":[85],"3-20":[87],"GHz,":[88],"with":[89],"isolation":[92],"better":[93],"than":[94,122],"17":[95],"dB.":[96],"designed":[100],"MIMO":[101],"offers":[103],"excellent":[104],"characteristics":[106,134],"stable":[108],"gain":[109],"over":[110],"whole":[112],"working":[113],"band.":[114],"envelope":[116],"correlation":[117],"coefficient":[118],"(ECC)":[119],"less":[121],"0.1,":[123],"shows":[125],"can":[129],"meet":[130],"diversity":[133],"well.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}