{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3138568156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21062088","title":"Rubber Material Property Prediction Using Electron Microscope Images of Internal Structures Taken under Multiple Conditions","display_name":"Rubber Material Property Prediction Using Electron Microscope Images of Internal Structures Taken under Multiple Conditions","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3138568156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21062088","mag":"3138568156","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33809765"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21062088","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21062088","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/2088/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/2088/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002757875","display_name":"Ren Togo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4474-3995"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ren Togo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Education and Research Center for Mathematical and Data Science, Hokkaido University, N-12, W-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4474-3995","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education and Research Center for Mathematical and Data Science, Hokkaido University, N-12, W-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103129627","display_name":"Naoki Saito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7611-2461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131518","display_name":"National Institute of Technology, Kushiro College","ror":"https://ror.org/03twzfb97","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120810","https://openalex.org/I4210131518"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naoki Saito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Creative Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kushiro College, Otanoshike-Nishi 2-32-1, Kushiro 084-0916, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Creative Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kushiro College, Otanoshike-Nishi 2-32-1, Kushiro 084-0916, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131518"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033215072","display_name":"Keisuke Maeda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8039-3462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keisuke Maeda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Office of Institutional Research, Hokkaido University, N-8, W-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8039-3462","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office of Institutional Research, Hokkaido University, N-8, W-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009032240","display_name":"Takahiro Ogawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5332-8112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takahiro Ogawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, N-14, W-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, N-14, W-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Miki Haseyama","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miki Haseyama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, N-14, W-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, N-14, W-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002757875"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.2701,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51933147,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"6","first_page":"2088","last_page":"2088"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.7218440771102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-rubber","display_name":"Natural rubber","score":0.6631753444671631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microscope","display_name":"Microscope","score":0.5715900659561157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-microscope","display_name":"Electron microscope","score":0.4825712740421295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47034767270088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/approximation-error","display_name":"Approximation error","score":0.4461376667022705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3657606244087219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.30990493297576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.26773616671562195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.15120166540145874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.10800716280937195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07777982950210571}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7218440771102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176933379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131877","display_name":"Natural rubber","level":2,"score":0.6631753444671631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67649825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196538","display_name":"Microscope","level":2,"score":0.5715900659561157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93877712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132560","display_name":"Electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.4825712740421295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47034767270088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122383733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865920","display_name":"Approximation error","level":2,"score":0.4461376667022705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3657606244087219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.30990493297576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.26773616671562195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.15120166540145874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.10800716280937195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07777982950210571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21062088","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21062088","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/2088/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33809765","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33809765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7294d0dddc3b43cd94a43651b8c9dc47","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7294d0dddc3b43cd94a43651b8c9dc47","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 6, p 2088 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp:2115/81972","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2115/81972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400549","display_name":"Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers (Hokkaido University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","host_organization_name":"Hokkaido University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01364:0007194509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2115/81972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/6/2088/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21062088","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 6; Pages: 2088","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8002273","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8002273","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21062088","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21062088","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/2088/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7779468462","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP17H01744","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3138568156.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3138568156.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1489900277","https://openalex.org/W1500895378","https://openalex.org/W1657213141","https://openalex.org/W1966535453","https://openalex.org/W1987913686","https://openalex.org/W1990368529","https://openalex.org/W2021982909","https://openalex.org/W2023957281","https://openalex.org/W2033361527","https://openalex.org/W2035334300","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2051136601","https://openalex.org/W2055336003","https://openalex.org/W2062176132","https://openalex.org/W2072999866","https://openalex.org/W2079019836","https://openalex.org/W2083620785","https://openalex.org/W2086732659","https://openalex.org/W2097751986","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2115299933","https://openalex.org/W2120029119","https://openalex.org/W2137226992","https://openalex.org/W2145299343","https://openalex.org/W2155541015","https://openalex.org/W2158994553","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2540562464","https://openalex.org/W2683785459","https://openalex.org/W2797148637","https://openalex.org/W2962940229","https://openalex.org/W2981066411","https://openalex.org/W2984499807","https://openalex.org/W2987410023","https://openalex.org/W3010836385","https://openalex.org/W3087641498","https://openalex.org/W3123602936","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4301347335","https://openalex.org/W6629610141","https://openalex.org/W6680532697"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2109252598","https://openalex.org/W886882817","https://openalex.org/W1512878983","https://openalex.org/W2326594127","https://openalex.org/W4290989699","https://openalex.org/W4255766185","https://openalex.org/W1520120059","https://openalex.org/W2800711099","https://openalex.org/W3036856938","https://openalex.org/W4237729702"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"method":[1,69,127,238,248],"for":[2,39,46,52,197,205],"prediction":[3,41,59,77,103,106,120,148,158,252],"of":[4,6,13,28,42,57,72,156,182,235,253,258,261],"properties":[5,43,255],"rubber":[7,29,48,213],"materials":[8,30],"utilizing":[9],"electron":[10,91,179,262],"microscope":[11,26,92,180,263],"images":[12,27,93,181,264],"internal":[14],"structures":[15],"taken":[16,32,94,186],"under":[17,33,95,187,227],"multiple":[18,157],"conditions":[19,38,189,194],"is":[20,143,203],"presented":[21],"in":[22,63],"this":[23,140],"paper.":[24],"Electron":[25],"are":[31,44,61,87,122,164,185,195],"several":[34],"conditions,":[35],"and":[36,55,105,139,190],"effective":[37],"the":[40,53,64,84,100,110,118,125,129,162,218,230,236,246,254,259],"different":[45,167,188,196],"each":[47,88,96,183],"material.":[49],"Novel":[50],"approaches":[51],"selection":[54,71],"integration":[56,141,155,173],"reliable":[58,73,131],"results":[60,74,104,121,132,163],"used":[62],"proposed":[65,68,126,231,237,247],"method.":[66,232],"The":[67,150,233],"enables":[70,154],"based":[75,133],"on":[76,134,212],"intervals":[78,107],"that":[79,86,172,217],"can":[80,114,174,249],"be":[81,115,176],"derived":[82,108],"by":[83,229],"predictors":[85],"constructed":[89],"from":[90,109,166],"condition.":[97],"By":[98],"monitoring":[99],"relationship":[101],"between":[102],"corresponding":[111],"predictors,":[112],"it":[113],"determined":[116],"whether":[117],"target":[119,198],"reliable.":[123],"Furthermore,":[124],"integrates":[128],"selected":[130],"Dempster-Shafer":[135],"(DS)":[136],"evidence":[137,152],"theory,":[138],"result":[142],"regarded":[144],"as":[145],"a":[146],"final":[147],"result.":[149],"DS":[151],"theory":[153],"results,":[159],"even":[160,175,191],"if":[161,178,192],"obtained":[165],"imaging":[168],"conditions.":[169],"This":[170,200],"means":[171],"realized":[177],"material":[184,214],"these":[193],"materials.":[199],"nonconventional":[201],"approach":[202],"suitable":[204],"our":[206],"application,":[207],"i.e.,":[208],"property":[209,242],"prediction.":[210],"Experiments":[211],"data":[215],"showed":[216],"evaluation":[219],"index":[220],"mean":[221],"absolute":[222],"percent":[223],"error":[224],"(MAPE)":[225],"was":[226],"10%":[228],"performance":[234],"outperformed":[239],"conventional":[240],"comparative":[241],"estimation":[243],"methods.":[244],"Consequently,":[245],"realize":[250],"accurate":[251],"with":[256],"consideration":[257],"characteristic":[260],"described":[265],"above.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}