{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3135883406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21061974","title":"Capacitive Humidity Sensor Based on Carbon Black/Polyimide Composites","display_name":"Capacitive Humidity Sensor Based on Carbon Black/Polyimide Composites","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3135883406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21061974","mag":"3135883406","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33799769"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21061974","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21061974","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/1974/pdf?version=1615468963","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/1974/pdf?version=1615468963","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100415610","display_name":"Jihong Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4077-2932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55240360","display_name":"Yeungnam University","ror":"https://ror.org/05yc6p159","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55240360"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55240360"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077458889","display_name":"Janghoon Cho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131650","display_name":"Korea Electronics Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/039k6f508","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210089395","https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jang-Hoon Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Sensor Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Seongnam 13509, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Sensor Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Seongnam 13509, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010759172","display_name":"Hyung-Man Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131650","display_name":"Korea Electronics Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/039k6f508","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210089395","https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyung-Man Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Sensor Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Seongnam 13509, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Sensor Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Seongnam 13509, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064874483","display_name":"Sungmin Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0024-1117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131650","display_name":"Korea Electronics Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/039k6f508","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210089395","https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sung-Min Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Sensor Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Seongnam 13509, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Sensor Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Seongnam 13509, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064874483"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131650"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":2.575,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89990136,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"6","first_page":"1974","last_page":"1974"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10461","display_name":"Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10461","display_name":"Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyimide","display_name":"Polyimide","score":0.919568657875061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-black","display_name":"Carbon black","score":0.9088441133499146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7766328454017639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humidity","display_name":"Humidity","score":0.7445788979530334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.6457794308662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitive-sensing","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","score":0.6121174097061157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-humidity","display_name":"Relative humidity","score":0.533645510673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fabrication","display_name":"Fabrication","score":0.5116375088691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-fibers","display_name":"Carbon fibers","score":0.46784457564353943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-number","display_name":"Composite number","score":0.43125107884407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20587420463562012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.10926923155784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-rubber","display_name":"Natural rubber","score":0.08094066381454468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.05815708637237549}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780965675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145958","display_name":"Polyimide","level":3,"score":0.919568657875061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44038986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764245","display_name":"Carbon black","level":3,"score":0.9088441133499146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7766328454017639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151420433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180600","display_name":"Humidity","level":2,"score":0.7445788979530334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.6457794308662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206755178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131271","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","level":2,"score":0.6121174097061157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158960510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180600","display_name":"Relative humidity","level":2,"score":0.533645510673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.5116375088691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.46784457564353943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.43125107884407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20587420463562012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.10926923155784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176933379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131877","display_name":"Natural rubber","level":2,"score":0.08094066381454468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.05815708637237549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21061974","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21061974","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/1974/pdf?version=1615468963","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33799769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33799769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8001880","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8001880","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5fb8a89225be4ffea7a30f52538ef213","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5fb8a89225be4ffea7a30f52538ef213","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 6, p 1974 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/6/1974/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21061974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 6; Pages: 1974","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21061974","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21061974","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/1974/pdf?version=1615468963","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4004412205","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"218A580072","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321380","funder_display_name":"Yeungnam University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321380","display_name":"Yeungnam University","ror":"https://ror.org/05yc6p159"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3135883406.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3135883406.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968072150","https://openalex.org/W1968858082","https://openalex.org/W1979783179","https://openalex.org/W1989859717","https://openalex.org/W1990167797","https://openalex.org/W2001086979","https://openalex.org/W2005312064","https://openalex.org/W2005360663","https://openalex.org/W2019747781","https://openalex.org/W2022643834","https://openalex.org/W2025904981","https://openalex.org/W2042228898","https://openalex.org/W2043511763","https://openalex.org/W2044694370","https://openalex.org/W2045094842","https://openalex.org/W2052784490","https://openalex.org/W2071415227","https://openalex.org/W2073539297","https://openalex.org/W2112732359","https://openalex.org/W2131094989","https://openalex.org/W2132645916","https://openalex.org/W2141798057","https://openalex.org/W2149600968","https://openalex.org/W2160677031","https://openalex.org/W2314063939","https://openalex.org/W2315586869","https://openalex.org/W2344019782","https://openalex.org/W2410632991","https://openalex.org/W2432173002","https://openalex.org/W2604716242","https://openalex.org/W2610202831","https://openalex.org/W2801858147","https://openalex.org/W2802335546","https://openalex.org/W2912275393","https://openalex.org/W2914682317","https://openalex.org/W3018527882"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2071100647","https://openalex.org/W2134746914","https://openalex.org/W2312410299","https://openalex.org/W2013511864","https://openalex.org/W2366365583","https://openalex.org/W1586733611","https://openalex.org/W1642018725","https://openalex.org/W2181379992","https://openalex.org/W4390758803","https://openalex.org/W2380249611"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"novel":[1],"capacitive":[2],"humidity":[3,50,54,93,97,149,170,197],"sensor":[4,20,94,98,120,150,171,188],"based":[5],"on":[6],"carbon":[7,26,44,66,71,85,103,132,162,176],"black/polyimide":[8],"composites":[9],"is":[10],"presented":[11],"in":[12,139],"this":[13],"paper.":[14],"The":[15,53,96,129,145,165,192],"details":[16],"of":[17,24,43,83,91,102,110,118,131,147,160,168,175,186,195],"the":[18,25,35,81,84,89,92,119,140,148,158,161,169,187,196],"fabrication,":[19],"characteristics,":[21],"and":[22,68,142],"effect":[23],"black":[27,45,86,104,133,163,177],"additive":[28,87],"are":[29],"described.":[30],"It":[31],"was":[32,46,125,178,199],"confirmed":[33],"that":[34,117,185],"polyimide":[36],"composite":[37],"filled":[38],"with":[39,56,99,121,172,189],"a":[40,49,76,106],"tiny":[41],"amount":[42,82,159],"suitable":[47],"for":[48],"sensing":[51],"dielectric.":[52],"sensors":[55,198],"three":[57],"different":[58],"dielectrics,":[59],"which":[60,124],"were":[61,73],"pure":[62,122,190],"polyimide,":[63,123],"0.01":[64],"wt%":[65,70,101,174],"black/polyimide,":[67,72],"0.05":[69,100,173],"fabricated":[74],"by":[75],"micro-electro-mechanical-system":[77],"(MEMS)":[78],"process.":[79],"As":[80],"increased,":[88],"sensitivity":[90,109],"increased.":[95],"had":[105],"much":[107],"higher":[108],"15.21%":[111],"(20-80%":[112],"RH,":[113],"0.2535%/%":[114],"RH)":[115],"than":[116,184],"9.73%":[126],"(0.1622%/%":[127],"RH).":[128],"addition":[130],"also":[134],"led":[135],"to":[136,154,180],"an":[137],"enhancement":[138],"hysteresis":[141,146],"response":[143,166],"speed.":[144],"decreased":[151],"from":[152],"2.17":[153],"1.80%":[155],"when":[156],"increasing":[157],"additive.":[164],"speed":[167],"measured":[179],"be":[181],"~10%":[182],"faster":[183],"polyimide.":[191],"long-term":[193],"stability":[194],"demonstrated":[200],"as":[201],"well.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}