{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134772664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21061951","title":"Application of Deep Learning on Millimeter-Wave Radar Signals: A Review","display_name":"Application of Deep Learning on Millimeter-Wave Radar Signals: A Review","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134772664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21061951","mag":"3134772664","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33802217"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21061951","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21061951","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/1951/pdf?version=1615790328","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/1951/pdf?version=1615790328","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011308238","display_name":"Fahad Jibrin Abdu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4942-1258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fahad Jibrin Abdu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4942-1258","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039995701","display_name":"Yixiong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-3298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yixiong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-3298","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070470546","display_name":"Maozhong Fu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maozhong Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100332399","display_name":"Yuhan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5507-2162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006947279","display_name":"Zhenmiao Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9054-6853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenmiao Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039995701"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":79.3662,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":115,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99897317,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"6","first_page":"1951","last_page":"1951"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.6517374515533447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.6203186511993408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.47153550386428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4432186484336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44033390283584595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3457399010658264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3389180898666382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3085596561431885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23846134543418884}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.6517374515533447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.6203186511993408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.47153550386428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4432186484336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44033390283584595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3457399010658264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3389180898666382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3085596561431885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23846134543418884}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21061951","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21061951","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/1951/pdf?version=1615790328","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33802217","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33802217","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8fcd183d810449589d3c9bfe8faffe7c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8fcd183d810449589d3c9bfe8faffe7c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 6, p 1951 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/6/1951/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21061951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 6; Pages: 1951","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7999239","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7999239","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21061951","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21061951","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/1951/pdf?version=1615790328","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134772664.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134772664.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":189,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179875071","https://openalex.org/W189596042","https://openalex.org/W622743361","https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1587156694","https://openalex.org/W1605443351","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1910359679","https://openalex.org/W1914646313","https://openalex.org/W1970686984","https://openalex.org/W1990743388","https://openalex.org/W1999050017","https://openalex.org/W2005412588","https://openalex.org/W2007200979","https://openalex.org/W2007864137","https://openalex.org/W2014534232","https://openalex.org/W2043415540","https://openalex.org/W2046335673","https://openalex.org/W2056075218","https://openalex.org/W2064630666","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2071472167","https://openalex.org/W2076063813","https://openalex.org/W2083044905","https://openalex.org/W2084212352","https://openalex.org/W2096291014","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2101926813","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2111917420","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2115579991","https://openalex.org/W2116261113","https://openalex.org/W2117671523","https://openalex.org/W2120010140","https://openalex.org/W2121806728","https://openalex.org/W2126751256","https://openalex.org/W2130254416","https://openalex.org/W2131084851","https://openalex.org/W2134939064","https://openalex.org/W2137344220","https://openalex.org/W2143612262","https://openalex.org/W2145094598","https://openalex.org/W2149711710","https://openalex.org/W2153594606","https://openalex.org/W2157770256","https://openalex.org/W2158579290","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2166850196","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2242223225","https://openalex.org/W2281954672","https://openalex.org/W2327992289","https://openalex.org/W2340897893","https://openalex.org/W2344934580","https://openalex.org/W2350054051","https://openalex.org/W2406067508","https://openalex.org/W2513079078","https://openalex.org/W2555618208","https://openalex.org/W2558027072","https://openalex.org/W2560544142","https://openalex.org/W2566918566","https://openalex.org/W2592484110","https://openalex.org/W2599765304","https://openalex.org/W2611781169","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2625848437","https://openalex.org/W2735338899","https://openalex.org/W2736159905","https://openalex.org/W2737039726","https://openalex.org/W2741069557","https://openalex.org/W2743473392","https://openalex.org/W2746870488","https://openalex.org/W2765552602","https://openalex.org/W2768097826","https://openalex.org/W2774756930","https://openalex.org/W2790336835","https://openalex.org/W2792919579","https://openalex.org/W2794110479","https://openalex.org/W2796347433","https://openalex.org/W2796574722","https://openalex.org/W2799062425","https://openalex.org/W2799352588","https://openalex.org/W2805964635","https://openalex.org/W2806044187","https://openalex.org/W2811015060","https://openalex.org/W2827033964","https://openalex.org/W2888856289","https://openalex.org/W2891649842","https://openalex.org/W2892614179","https://openalex.org/W2894705404","https://openalex.org/W2895655906","https://openalex.org/W2896337841","https://openalex.org/W2911419173","https://openalex.org/W2914821954","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2925359305","https://openalex.org/W2931364255","https://openalex.org/W2939308603","https://openalex.org/W2940863872","https://openalex.org/W2940991315","https://openalex.org/W2943515156","https://openalex.org/W2944069034","https://openalex.org/W2944879160","https://openalex.org/W2946165673","https://openalex.org/W2946459337","https://openalex.org/W2948941452","https://openalex.org/W2949382160","https://openalex.org/W2950642167","https://openalex.org/W2953139137","https://openalex.org/W2953814417","https://openalex.org/W2958608088","https://openalex.org/W2962888833","https://openalex.org/W2962949934","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963121255","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963171573","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963400571","https://openalex.org/W2963410012","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2964062501","https://openalex.org/W2967098543","https://openalex.org/W2971978667","https://openalex.org/W2973146207","https://openalex.org/W2973595938","https://openalex.org/W2974922121","https://openalex.org/W2979691948","https://openalex.org/W2979856235","https://openalex.org/W2983342848","https://openalex.org/W2986097283","https://openalex.org/W2989940015","https://openalex.org/W2990710319","https://openalex.org/W2991485606","https://openalex.org/W2993836921","https://openalex.org/W2995042771","https://openalex.org/W2995549977","https://openalex.org/W2996476754","https://openalex.org/W2997574889","https://openalex.org/W2997719963","https://openalex.org/W2998614245","https://openalex.org/W2998617515","https://openalex.org/W2999423154","https://openalex.org/W3001349656","https://openalex.org/W3006643904","https://openalex.org/W3008115128","https://openalex.org/W3009192276","https://openalex.org/W3011101651","https://openalex.org/W3016229299","https://openalex.org/W3022866026","https://openalex.org/W3023132972","https://openalex.org/W3030148515","https://openalex.org/W3034263263","https://openalex.org/W3034543232","https://openalex.org/W3035172746","https://openalex.org/W3035574168","https://openalex.org/W3045897451","https://openalex.org/W3083906242","https://openalex.org/W3086796143","https://openalex.org/W3090139470","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3099746624","https://openalex.org/W3103179390","https://openalex.org/W3103612787","https://openalex.org/W3104772982","https://openalex.org/W3105073457","https://openalex.org/W3105448982","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W3107159576","https://openalex.org/W3116028392","https://openalex.org/W3117804044","https://openalex.org/W3118479569","https://openalex.org/W3123351243","https://openalex.org/W3169902865","https://openalex.org/W6607775107","https://openalex.org/W6618007206","https://openalex.org/W6679616752","https://openalex.org/W6679646377","https://openalex.org/W6681096077","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6752653907","https://openalex.org/W6758362826","https://openalex.org/W6765888509","https://openalex.org/W6769405405","https://openalex.org/W6773536389"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2731899572","https://openalex.org/W3215138031","https://openalex.org/W4321369474","https://openalex.org/W3009238340","https://openalex.org/W4360585206","https://openalex.org/W4285208911","https://openalex.org/W3082895349","https://openalex.org/W4213079790","https://openalex.org/W2248239756","https://openalex.org/W4323565446"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"progress":[1],"brought":[2],"by":[3],"the":[4,9,36,59,162,175,193,216,225,231],"deep":[5,38,119,138,183,195],"learning":[6,39,120,139,184],"technology":[7],"over":[8],"last":[10],"decade":[11],"has":[12,105],"inspired":[13],"many":[14],"research":[15,239],"domains,":[16],"such":[17,154],"as":[18,68,70,115,122,155,170],"radar":[19,84,113,142,167,180,201,220],"signal":[20,168],"processing,":[21],"speech":[22],"and":[23,79,157,203,227,234],"audio":[24],"recognition,":[25],"etc.,":[26],"to":[27,30,73,117,144],"apply":[28],"it":[29,171],"their":[31,71],"respective":[32],"problems.":[33],"Most":[34],"of":[35,62,98,109,136,174,192,215],"prominent":[37],"models":[40,199],"exploit":[41],"data":[42,114,181],"representations":[43],"acquired":[44],"with":[45,182],"either":[46],"Lidar":[47],"or":[48],"camera":[49,204],"sensors,":[50],"leaving":[51],"automotive":[52],"radars":[53,63],"rarely":[54],"used.":[55],"This":[56],"is":[57,95,172],"despite":[58],"vital":[60],"potential":[61],"in":[64,111,149,230],"adverse":[65],"weather":[66],"conditions,":[67],"well":[69],"ability":[72],"simultaneously":[74],"measure":[75],"an":[76,150,189],"object's":[77],"range":[78],"radial":[80],"velocity":[81],"seamlessly.":[82],"As":[83],"signals":[85,143,202],"have":[86,160],"not":[87],"been":[88,106],"exploited":[89],"very":[90],"much":[91],"so":[92],"far,":[93],"there":[94,104],"a":[96,107,134,213],"lack":[97],"available":[99,217],"benchmark":[100],"data.":[101,221],"However,":[102],"recently,":[103],"lot":[108],"interest":[110],"applying":[112],"input":[116],"various":[118,137],"algorithms,":[121],"more":[123],"datasets":[124,218],"are":[125],"being":[126],"provided.":[127],"To":[128],"this":[129,131],"end,":[130],"paper":[132],"presents":[133],"survey":[135],"approaches":[140],"processing":[141],"accomplish":[145],"some":[146,236],"significant":[147],"tasks":[148],"autonomous":[151],"driving":[152],"application,":[153],"detection":[156,208],"classification.":[158],"We":[159,210],"itemized":[161],"review":[163,191],"based":[164],"on":[165],"different":[166],"representations,":[169],"one":[173],"critical":[176],"aspects":[177],"while":[178],"using":[179],"models.":[185],"Furthermore,":[186],"we":[187,223],"give":[188],"extensive":[190],"recent":[194],"learning-based":[196],"multi-sensor":[197],"fusion":[198],"exploiting":[200],"images":[205],"for":[206],"object":[207],"tasks.":[209],"then":[211],"provide":[212],"summary":[214],"containing":[219],"Finally,":[222],"discuss":[224],"gaps":[226],"important":[228],"innovations":[229],"reviewed":[232],"papers":[233],"highlight":[235],"possible":[237],"future":[238],"prospects.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}