{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3133696176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051736","title":"Adaptability of Ultrasonic Lamb Wave Touchscreen to the Variations in Touch Force and Touch Area","display_name":"Adaptability of Ultrasonic Lamb Wave Touchscreen to the Variations in Touch Force and Touch Area","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3133696176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051736","mag":"3133696176","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33802389"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21051736","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051736","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1736/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1736/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076871999","display_name":"Zengchong Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zengchong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4771-1523","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051555626","display_name":"Xiucheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1067-8734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiucheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1067-8734","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076646726","display_name":"Bin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8144-6263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008974159","display_name":"Ren Ping Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7001-6305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ren Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051555626"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.5084,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52555704,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"5","first_page":"1736","last_page":"1736"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9783999919891357,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13049","display_name":"Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements","score":0.974399983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/touchscreen","display_name":"Touchscreen","score":0.8098818063735962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.6744388341903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6709696650505066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.6702662706375122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.5534428358078003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5251695513725281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-sensor","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","score":0.41985979676246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.24547022581100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.12951794266700745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09547284245491028}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778539339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165970","display_name":"Touchscreen","level":2,"score":0.8098818063735962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.6744388341903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6709696650505066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.6702662706375122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.5534428358078003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5251695513725281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81288441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","level":2,"score":0.41985979676246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.24547022581100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.12951794266700745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09547284245491028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21051736","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051736","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1736/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33802389","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33802389","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:94c185ce4ca54916ae47626afe8066b4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/94c185ce4ca54916ae47626afe8066b4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 5, p 1736 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/5/1736/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051736","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 5; Pages: 1736","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7959317","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7959317","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21051736","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051736","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1736/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2961225742","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Z191100001119044","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334978","funder_display_name":"Beijing Nova Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8241242523","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4192006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321913","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334978","display_name":"Beijing Nova Program","ror":"https://ror.org/034k14f91"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3133696176.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3133696176.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1542629324","https://openalex.org/W1973552141","https://openalex.org/W1986650027","https://openalex.org/W2031221088","https://openalex.org/W2034439291","https://openalex.org/W2041466028","https://openalex.org/W2044443507","https://openalex.org/W2087646609","https://openalex.org/W2091085235","https://openalex.org/W2093431165","https://openalex.org/W2106552677","https://openalex.org/W2136500484","https://openalex.org/W2143070820","https://openalex.org/W2146230273","https://openalex.org/W2162196920","https://openalex.org/W2333140461","https://openalex.org/W2557634569","https://openalex.org/W2571563190","https://openalex.org/W2604126866","https://openalex.org/W2770437904","https://openalex.org/W2908325018","https://openalex.org/W3021348072","https://openalex.org/W6603581933"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4320802672","https://openalex.org/W2314242596","https://openalex.org/W2120833377","https://openalex.org/W2283908498","https://openalex.org/W2177165159","https://openalex.org/W2600962373","https://openalex.org/W2548664976","https://openalex.org/W2969366228","https://openalex.org/W2169562019","https://openalex.org/W4313196340"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Previous":[0],"studies":[1],"on":[2,11,96],"Lamb":[3],"wave":[4],"touchscreen":[5],"(LWT)":[6],"were":[7],"carried":[8],"out":[9],"based":[10,95],"the":[12,15,19,26,34,48,55,79,88,91,103,113,125,128,131,136,160,164,168],"assumption":[13],"that":[14],"unknown":[16,161],"touch":[17,37,40,132,137,145,155,162],"had":[18],"consistent":[20],"parameters":[21,118],"with":[22,62,112,135,150],"acoustic":[23,58],"fingerprints":[24,59],"in":[25,36,44,106],"reference":[27,114,151,165],"database.":[28],"The":[29,51,73,100,122],"adaptability":[30],"of":[31,54,57,66,71,78,90,102,116,124,130,147,153,170],"LWT":[32,67,126],"to":[33,85,127,143],"variations":[35],"force":[38,133],"and":[39,109,163],"area":[41,149],"was":[42,60,83,119,141],"investigated":[43],"this":[45],"study":[46],"for":[47],"first":[49],"time.":[50],"automatic":[52],"collection":[53],"databases":[56,152,166],"realized":[61],"an":[63],"experimental":[64],"prototype":[65],"employing":[68],"three":[69],"pairs":[70,82],"transmitter-receivers.":[72],"self-adaptive":[74],"updated":[75],"weight":[76],"coefficient":[77],"used":[80],"transmitter-receiver":[81],"employed":[84],"successfully":[86],"improve":[87],"accuracy":[89],"localization":[92],"model":[93],"established":[94],"a":[97],"learning":[98],"method.":[99],"performance":[101],"improved":[104],"method":[105],"locating":[107],"single-":[108],"two-touch":[110],"actions":[111,146],"database":[115],"different":[117],"carefully":[120],"evaluated.":[121],"robustness":[123],"variation":[129],"varied":[134],"area.":[138],"Moreover,":[139],"it":[140],"feasible":[142],"locate":[144],"large":[148],"small":[154],"areas":[156],"as":[157,159],"long":[158],"met":[167],"condition":[169],"equivalent":[171],"averaged":[172],"stress.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}