{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134548176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051638","title":"Design and Optimization of ECG Modeling for Generating Different Cardiac Dysrhythmias","display_name":"Design and Optimization of ECG Modeling for Generating Different Cardiac Dysrhythmias","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134548176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051638","mag":"3134548176","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652721"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21051638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051638","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1638/pdf?version=1614519629","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1638/pdf?version=1614519629","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101540530","display_name":"Md. Abdul Awal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3028-4932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124386471","display_name":"Khulna University","ror":"https://ror.org/05pny7s12","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124386471"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Md. Abdul Awal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communication Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3028-4932","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communication Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124386471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053338142","display_name":"Sheikh Shanawaz Mostafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7677-0971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152454","display_name":"Instituto de Tecnologias Interativas","ror":"https://ror.org/011ewyt41","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103","https://openalex.org/I4387152454"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheikh Shanawaz Mostafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["ITI/Larsys/Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7677-0971","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ITI/Larsys/Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001354552","display_name":"Mohiuddin Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9123-0618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1307585291","display_name":"Khulna University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04y58d606","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1307585291"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohiuddin Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9123-0618","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307585291"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053539434","display_name":"Mohammad Ashik Alahe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4592-1968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124386471","display_name":"Khulna University","ror":"https://ror.org/05pny7s12","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124386471"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Ashik Alahe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communication Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communication Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124386471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082715974","display_name":"M. A. Rashid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-7496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I315729180","display_name":"Noakhali Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/05q9we431","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315729180"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohd Abdur Rashid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-7496","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I315729180"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088007702","display_name":"Abbas Z. Kouzani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6292-1214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abbas Z. Kouzani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6292-1214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017410063","display_name":"M. A. Parvez Mahmud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1905-6800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. A. Parvez Mahmud","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1905-6800","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101540530"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124386471"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.8603,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9175091,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"5","first_page":"1638","last_page":"1638"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10217","display_name":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.6299097537994385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5557934045791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5313421487808228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5053167939186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beat","display_name":"Beat (acoustics)","score":0.468749076128006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.46587297320365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-mean-square","display_name":"Root mean square","score":0.4642854928970337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter-optimization","display_name":"Hyperparameter optimization","score":0.46345067024230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.4543761610984802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3846223056316376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.34174877405166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2956847548484802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.19457009434700012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11042195558547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.09353604912757874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.6299097537994385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5557934045791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5313421487808228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5053167939186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189809214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829522","display_name":"Beat (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.468749076128006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.46587297320365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71907059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223323","display_name":"Root mean square","level":2,"score":0.4642854928970337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10485038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48996162","display_name":"Hyperparameter optimization","level":3,"score":0.46345067024230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.4543761610984802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3846223056316376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34174877405166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2956847548484802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.19457009434700012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11042195558547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.09353604912757874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044962","descriptor_name":"Data Compression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044962","descriptor_name":"Data Compression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044962","descriptor_name":"Data Compression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044962","descriptor_name":"Data Compression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21051638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051638","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1638/pdf?version=1614519629","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33652721","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:digituma.uma.pt:10400.13/5646","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/5646","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401803","display_name":"Digituma (University of Madeira)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I58028834","host_organization_name":"Universidade da Madeira","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58028834"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6815910124694b9dab9b19738e6bc8bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6815910124694b9dab9b19738e6bc8bf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 5, p 1638 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dro.deakin.edu.au:DU:30148535","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401102","display_name":"Own your potential (DEAKIN)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","host_organization_name":"Deakin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20675313","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Design_and_optimization_of_ECG_modeling_for_generating_different_cardiac_dysrhythmias/20675313","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/5/1638/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051638","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 5; Pages: 1638","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7956726","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7956726","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21051638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051638","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/5/1638/pdf?version=1614519629","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134548176.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W72640680","https://openalex.org/W1514868647","https://openalex.org/W1552262576","https://openalex.org/W1601024910","https://openalex.org/W1844495464","https://openalex.org/W1968339050","https://openalex.org/W1974715447","https://openalex.org/W1980666580","https://openalex.org/W1982522576","https://openalex.org/W2001697105","https://openalex.org/W2015902790","https://openalex.org/W2022812046","https://openalex.org/W2024023249","https://openalex.org/W2035319517","https://openalex.org/W2035501969","https://openalex.org/W2039673192","https://openalex.org/W2042040067","https://openalex.org/W2055276314","https://openalex.org/W2060094658","https://openalex.org/W2069338386","https://openalex.org/W2072193862","https://openalex.org/W2076087677","https://openalex.org/W2089580600","https://openalex.org/W2090163357","https://openalex.org/W2091026599","https://openalex.org/W2093851108","https://openalex.org/W2100537461","https://openalex.org/W2101094113","https://openalex.org/W2108655995","https://openalex.org/W2115340664","https://openalex.org/W2120790961","https://openalex.org/W2122170741","https://openalex.org/W2126197995","https://openalex.org/W2132904166","https://openalex.org/W2140622400","https://openalex.org/W2141192467","https://openalex.org/W2145044818","https://openalex.org/W2145140666","https://openalex.org/W2151693816","https://openalex.org/W2152648785","https://openalex.org/W2154053567","https://openalex.org/W2158687361","https://openalex.org/W2161926471","https://openalex.org/W2249615459","https://openalex.org/W2296285906","https://openalex.org/W2379050579","https://openalex.org/W2509540205","https://openalex.org/W2580792129","https://openalex.org/W2742853888","https://openalex.org/W2811071465","https://openalex.org/W2890635376","https://openalex.org/W2911954134","https://openalex.org/W2958216351","https://openalex.org/W2982560365","https://openalex.org/W2997009477","https://openalex.org/W3005055935","https://openalex.org/W3011546997","https://openalex.org/W3049132276","https://openalex.org/W3090176930","https://openalex.org/W3118490356","https://openalex.org/W6602912692","https://openalex.org/W6675224500"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953665647","https://openalex.org/W4388119537","https://openalex.org/W4281646320","https://openalex.org/W3169687406","https://openalex.org/W3200811867","https://openalex.org/W3128602280","https://openalex.org/W3192751261","https://openalex.org/W4386963568","https://openalex.org/W3014750173","https://openalex.org/W4287818966"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,111,140,172],"electrocardiogram":[1],"(ECG)":[2],"has":[3,32,87,244],"significant":[4],"clinical":[5],"importance":[6],"for":[7],"analyzing":[8],"most":[9],"cardiovascular":[10],"diseases.":[11,27],"ECGs":[12,151],"beat":[13,15],"morphologies,":[14],"durations,":[16],"and":[17,24,89,120,125,135,143,156,168,196,200,247,278],"amplitudes":[18],"vary":[19],"from":[20],"subject":[21,23],"to":[22,26,39,104,149,190],"diseases":[25],"Therefore,":[28],"ECG":[29,43,56,108,178,237],"morphology-based":[30],"modeling":[31],"long-standing":[33],"research":[34],"interests.":[35],"This":[36],"work":[37],"aims":[38],"develop":[40],"a":[41,47,84,235,240,257,261],"simplified":[42],"model":[44,65,109,142,161,173,230,252],"based":[45,66],"on":[46,67],"minimum":[48],"number":[49],"of":[50,70,117,132,159,177,206,228,268,296],"parameters":[51],"that":[52],"could":[53],"correctly":[54],"represent":[55],"morphology":[57],"in":[58,83,152,165,204,223,289],"different":[59,153,175,181,290],"cardiac":[60,154,182],"dysrhythmias.":[61],"A":[62,265],"simple":[63],"mathematical":[64],"the":[68,106,115,126,130,157,160,169,191,215,220,251,294],"sum":[69,295],"two":[71,97],"Gaussian":[72,81],"functions":[73],"is":[74,114,129,298],"proposed.":[75],"However,":[76],"fitting":[77,95,193],"more":[78],"than":[79,219],"one":[80],"function":[82],"deterministic":[85],"way":[86],"accuracy":[88],"localization":[90],"problems.":[91],"To":[92],"solve":[93],"these":[94],"problems,":[96],"hybrid":[98],"optimization":[99,144,284],"methods":[100,145,285],"have":[101,146],"been":[102,147,245],"developed":[103,246],"select":[105],"optimal":[107],"parameters.":[110],"first":[112],"method":[113,128,222],"combination":[116,131],"an":[118,133],"approximation":[119,134],"global":[121],"search":[122,137],"technique":[123,138],"(ApproxiGlo),":[124],"second":[127],"multi-start":[136],"(ApproxiMul).":[139],"proposed":[141],"applied":[148],"real":[150],"dysrhythmias,":[155],"effectiveness":[158],"performance":[162],"was":[163],"measured":[164],"time,":[166],"frequency,":[167],"time-frequency":[170],"domain.":[171],"fit":[174],"types":[176],"beats":[179,280],"representing":[180],"dysrhythmias":[183],"with":[184,260,273],"high":[185],"correlation":[186],"coefficients":[187],"(>0.98).":[188],"Compared":[189],"nonlinear":[192],"method,":[194],"ApproxiGlo":[195,221],"ApproxiMul":[197,216],"are":[198,231],"3.32":[199],"7.88":[201],"times":[202],"better":[203,218],"terms":[205],"root":[207],"mean":[208],"square":[209],"error":[210],"(RMSE),":[211],"respectively.":[212],"Regarding":[213],"optimization,":[214],"performs":[217],"many":[224],"metrics.":[225],"Different":[226],"uses":[227],"this":[229],"possible,":[232],"such":[233],"as":[234,256],"syntactic":[236],"generator":[238],"using":[239],"graphical":[241],"user":[242],"interface":[243],"tested.":[248],"In":[249],"addition,":[250],"can":[253,270,286],"be":[254,271,287],"used":[255,288],"lossy":[258],"compression":[259,263,266],"variable":[262],"rate.":[264],"ratio":[267],"20:1":[269],"achieved":[272],"1":[274],"kHz":[275],"sampling":[276],"frequency":[277],"75":[279],"per":[281],"minute.":[282],"These":[283],"engineering":[291],"fields":[292],"where":[293],"Gaussians":[297],"used.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}