{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3132869363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041311","title":"Multimodal Signal Analysis for Pain Recognition in Physiotherapy Using Wavelet Scattering Transform","display_name":"Multimodal Signal Analysis for Pain Recognition in Physiotherapy Using Wavelet Scattering Transform","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3132869363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041311","mag":"3132869363","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33673097"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21041311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041311","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/4/1311/pdf?version=1614072733","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/4/1311/pdf?version=1614072733","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013741104","display_name":"Aleksandra Badura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7109-572X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandra Badura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7109-572X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078879019","display_name":"Aleksandra Mas\u0142owska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1833-7299"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandra Mas\u0142owska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Physiotheraphy and Health Science, Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Miko\u0142owska 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1833-7299","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physiotheraphy and Health Science, Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Miko\u0142owska 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055780370","display_name":"Andrzej My\u015bliwiec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2183-1156"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrzej My\u015bliwiec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Physiotheraphy and Health Science, Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Miko\u0142owska 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2183-1156","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physiotheraphy and Health Science, Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Miko\u0142owska 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079611231","display_name":"Ewa Pi\u0119tka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9676-8510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ewa Pi\u0119tka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9676-8510","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013741104"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.7245,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90272302,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"4","first_page":"1311","last_page":"1311"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12994","display_name":"Infrared Thermography in Medicine","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12994","display_name":"Infrared Thermography in Medicine","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11327","display_name":"Acupuncture Treatment Research Studies","score":0.9581999778747559,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.9520000219345093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaboost","display_name":"AdaBoost","score":0.5499954223632812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.540948748588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5008807182312012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.49097684025764465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47919735312461853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-therapy","display_name":"Physical therapy","score":0.4652268588542938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.4641813635826111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.46016594767570496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.4473782479763031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.43143540620803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4151720702648163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3775283694267273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141404830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2823869","display_name":"AdaBoost","level":3,"score":0.5499954223632812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.540948748588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5008807182312012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.49097684025764465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47919735312461853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.4652268588542938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.4641813635826111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.46016594767570496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.4473782479763031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.43143540620803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4151720702648163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3775283694267273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010146","descriptor_name":"Pain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010146","descriptor_name":"Pain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010146","descriptor_name":"Pain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010147","descriptor_name":"Pain Measurement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010147","descriptor_name":"Pain Measurement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010147","descriptor_name":"Pain Measurement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D026741","descriptor_name":"Physical Therapy Modalities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D026741","descriptor_name":"Physical Therapy Modalities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D026741","descriptor_name":"Physical Therapy Modalities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058067","descriptor_name":"Wavelet Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058067","descriptor_name":"Wavelet Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058067","descriptor_name":"Wavelet Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21041311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041311","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/4/1311/pdf?version=1614072733","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33673097","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33673097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2673a10c0e86495ca0376a174742040b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2673a10c0e86495ca0376a174742040b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 4, p 1311 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/21/4/1311/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041311","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 21; Issue 4; Pages: 1311","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7918766","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7918766","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s21041311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041311","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/4/1311/pdf?version=1614072733","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5067089996","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"WPN-3/1/2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335039","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Bada\u0144 i Rozwoju"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335039","display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Bada\u0144 i Rozwoju","ror":"https://ror.org/05pwfyy15"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3132869363.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3132869363.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W166218641","https://openalex.org/W1239497932","https://openalex.org/W1540371141","https://openalex.org/W1967903496","https://openalex.org/W1978242045","https://openalex.org/W1994143652","https://openalex.org/W2003321165","https://openalex.org/W2029847666","https://openalex.org/W2034854503","https://openalex.org/W2051297709","https://openalex.org/W2054473282","https://openalex.org/W2066658540","https://openalex.org/W2086771351","https://openalex.org/W2093231248","https://openalex.org/W2096684483","https://openalex.org/W2101545465","https://openalex.org/W2138261897","https://openalex.org/W2149447901","https://openalex.org/W2161334131","https://openalex.org/W2162825184","https://openalex.org/W2184502093","https://openalex.org/W2314785176","https://openalex.org/W2330996833","https://openalex.org/W2399802263","https://openalex.org/W2461965084","https://openalex.org/W2494271816","https://openalex.org/W2535426314","https://openalex.org/W2578461196","https://openalex.org/W2620432076","https://openalex.org/W2752862298","https://openalex.org/W2772081093","https://openalex.org/W2793437768","https://openalex.org/W2898878959","https://openalex.org/W2901160456","https://openalex.org/W2963236152","https://openalex.org/W2963665779","https://openalex.org/W2967824742","https://openalex.org/W2979431738","https://openalex.org/W2979623197","https://openalex.org/W2996182361","https://openalex.org/W3022119894","https://openalex.org/W3082758549","https://openalex.org/W6628116150","https://openalex.org/W6632223008","https://openalex.org/W6723524571"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3039673966","https://openalex.org/W2002351707","https://openalex.org/W2035096001","https://openalex.org/W4293699968","https://openalex.org/W2923621274","https://openalex.org/W2327035729","https://openalex.org/W2101918547","https://openalex.org/W4312843811","https://openalex.org/W2090763504","https://openalex.org/W2077021924"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fascial":[0],"therapy":[1,20],"is":[2,12],"an":[3,95],"effective,":[4],"yet":[5],"painful,":[6],"procedure.":[7],"Information":[8],"about":[9],"pain":[10,81,84,99],"level":[11],"essential":[13],"for":[14,32],"the":[15,19,41,54,109],"physiotherapist":[16],"to":[17,40],"adjust":[18],"course":[21],"and":[22,74,83],"avoid":[23],"potential":[24],"tissue":[25],"damage.":[26],"We":[27],"have":[28],"developed":[29],"a":[30,44,48,89],"method":[31],"automatic":[33],"pain-related":[34],"reaction":[35,70],"assessment":[36],"in":[37,80,100],"physiotherapy":[38],"due":[39],"subjectivity":[42],"of":[43,69,98],"self-report.":[45],"Based":[46],"on":[47],"multimodal":[49],"data":[50],"set,":[51],"we":[52],"determine":[53],"feature":[55],"vector,":[56],"including":[57],"wavelet":[58],"scattering":[59],"transforms":[60],"coefficients.":[61],"The":[62,92],"AdaBoost":[63],"classification":[64],"model":[65],"distinguishes":[66],"three":[67],"levels":[68],"(no-pain,":[71],"moderate":[72],"pain,":[73],"severe":[75],"pain).":[76],"Because":[77],"patients":[78],"vary":[79],"reactions":[82],"resistance,":[85],"our":[86],"survey":[87],"assumes":[88],"subject-dependent":[90],"protocol.":[91],"results":[93],"reflect":[94],"individual":[96],"perception":[97],"patients.":[101],"They":[102],"also":[103],"show":[104],"that":[105],"multiclass":[106],"evaluation":[107],"outperforms":[108],"binary":[110],"recognition.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
